Abstract：
:Sprint-trained athletes demonstrate a remarkable ability to perform exercise which results in fatigue quickly. However, the mechanisms for these enhanced performance capabilities have not been fully elucidated. Elevation in glycolytic enzymes and increased fast-twitch fiber compositions which would result in an enhanced ability to produce ATP do not appear to be capable of accounting for the greatly enhanced performances. Associated with these performances are large accumulations of anaerobic end products which produce decrements in intracellular pH. Because intracellular pH decrements of sufficient magnitude have been shown to inhibit athletic performances, it has been postulated that sprint-trained athletes have an enhanced proton-sequestering capability which would ultimately alter the rate of pH decrement. This would delay the inhibition of the enzymatic and contractile machinery resulting in enhanced performances. The intracellular buffers that are capable of contributing to this enhanced buffering capacity were identified as inorganic phosphate, protein-bound histidine residues, the dipeptide carnosine, bicarbonate, and creatine phosphate. Thus, it has been suggested that increased buffer capacities within sprint-trained athletes may be a contributing factor to his/her enhanced anaerobic performance capacities.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Parkhouse WS,McKenzie DCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1984-08-01 00:00:00pages
328-38issue
4eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：PURPOSE:This study was undertaken to determine whether endurance training is associated with changes in myocardial perfusion in humans. METHODS:Myocardial perfusion was measured in eleven trained and nine sedentary men at rest and during adenosine-stimulated hyperemia using positron emission tomography (PET). Left ven...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200206000-00007
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although low back pain (LBP) is a widespread and disabling health problem, there is a lack of evidence based medicine with respect to its treatment and rehabilitation. A major reason for this is the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the LBP syndromes. In an attempt to fill this gap, the present review...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00005768-200111000-00014
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:This study examined the influence of a supplement matrix on the excretion pattern of nandrolone metabolites in response to ingestion of a trace amount of 19-norandrostenedione. METHODS:Ten male and nine female volunteers (mean ± SD: age = 26 ± 3 yr, height = 1.71 ± 0.09 m, body mass = 70.9 ± 13.2 kg) were...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181bf94d6
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anaerobic ATP production in skeletal muscle and the accumulated oxygen deficit (O2D) incurred during an exhaustive cycle bout (duration = 173 +/- 24 s; intensity = 112 +/- 3% VO2peak), were determined in 10 male cyclists (mean +/- SD: VO2peak = 69.8 +/- 4.2 ml.kg-1.min-1). Anaerobic ATP production (mmol.kg-1 d.w.) was...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199603000-00007
更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:High-intensity endurance training can elicit profound cardiac adaptations; however, the current evidence as to its impact on the proximal aorta is limited. The purpose of this study was to investigate the morphological and functional characteristics of the proximal aorta in endurance athletes. METHODS:Fif...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000002508
更新日期：2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study aimed to investigate atrophy in the deep abdominal muscles, spinal extensors, and the effect of high-load resistive exercise with and without whole-body vibration after 60 d of strict bed rest. METHODS:Twenty-four subjects underwent 60 d of head-down tilt bed rest and performed either resistive vibr...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001096
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Heart rate variability (HRV) indices are powerful independent prognostic factors of cardiovascular events and all cause mortality in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). This study evaluates the influence of lifestyle on HRV in CHF patients. METHODS:Thirty-nine CHF patients (33 men, ischemic/dilated card...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000174881.68546.ec
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of the potent opioid, sufentanil, were studied in 11 athletes. Sufentanil was administered intravenously (up to 0.5 microgram.kg-1 over 10 min) to the subjects while they ran at 14 km.hr-1 on a level treadmill. Prior to, and after, the drug infusion, the treadmill was inclined by 6% for 4 min and CO2 was i...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The still-evolving Utah paradigm of skeletal physiology supplements former ideas about the control of postnatal bone strength and "mass" in health and disease, on earth and in orbit, and as functions of physical activities including sports. In its view, peak muscle forces on bone dominate control of the biologic mecha...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00005768-200005000-00006
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been postulated that coactivation of antagonist hamstring musculature during active knee extension aids the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in maintaining joint stability by exerting an opposing torque to anterior tibial displacement induced by the quadriceps. It was the purpose of this study to compare contra...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case of a table tennis player suffering from intra-articular loose bodies of the elbow is reported. The patient developed the first signs of osteochondritis dissecans of the right lateral humeral condyle at age 16 but underwent surgery only 6 yr later. He has now resumed training and competition, despite some resi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The present study examined the effect of extreme old age on the plasticity of the rat plantaris muscle in response to an increase in mechanical load. METHODS:Male Fischer 344 rats, aged 7 months (adult) and 25 months (old) underwent bilateral surgical ablation of the gastrocnemius muscle to functionally overlo...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200207000-00010
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purposes of this study were 1) to add layers and features to a previously published fully automated algorithm designed to identify children's nocturnal sleep and to exclude episodes of nighttime nonwear/wakefulness and potentially misclassified daytime sleep episodes and 2) to validate this refined sleep al...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000486
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To continuously measure core temperature (T(c)) and heart rate(HR), and quantify fluid balance during a 21-km mass-participation road racein warm, humid environmental conditions. METHODS:Eighteen heat-acclimatized male soldiers ingested a telemetric Tc sensor on the evening prior to the race and wore an ambula...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000218134.74238.6a
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine men participated in an exercise program (five days a week for 10 weeks) that was designed to strengthen the quadriceps muscles. This study was undertaken to determine if heavy resistance training results in an increase in endurance, Vo2max and whether the differences that are normally observed during bicycle and ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purposes of this investigation were to compare selected gait parameters characteristic of running without respiratory apparatus on a treadmill (NOR) with those displayed while wearing a mouthpiece-breathing valve apparatus (MP) and while wearing a respiratory face mask (MASK), and to compare the running economy (R...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Endurance training improves skeletal muscular function including energy metabolism and structure. Sex steroid hormones partly contribute to the exercise-induced muscular adaptations. Recently, we demonstrated that skeletal muscle contains steroidogenic converting enzymes to synthesize sex steroid hormones and a...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821e9d74
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The assumption that lower extremity function is bilaterally symmetrical is prevalent throughout the biomechanics literature. The unilateral development of many overuse and acute injuries may suggest that this assumption is inaccurate. Analyses of bilateral function report conflicting results and may be partially attri...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To study the physiological responses to walking with hand-held weights (HWs), 12 untrained men completed three sub-maximal and two maximal treadmill tests. Heart rate, oxygen uptake, respiratory exchange ratio, ventilation, systolic blood pressure (BP), diastolic BP, rate pressure product, and rating of perceived exer...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To assess the validity of the new Actical accelerometer step count function. METHODS:Actical step counts were compared according to two criterion standards. 1) Eight Acticals were assessed using a mechanical shaker table under six different testing conditions. 2) Thirty-eight volunteers (aged 9-59 yr) wore eig...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/mss.0b013e3804ec4e9
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiovascular responses were obtained during cycling with graded levels of lower-body positive pressure (LBPP) applied to the exercising limbs. Seven men performed four incremental work rate (25 W.min-1) exercise (IWREx) tests to their limit of tolerance while exposed to 0, 15, 30, or 45 Torr LBPP. They also performe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-199406000-00008
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:Environmental heat stress degrades aerobic performance; however, little research has focused on performance when the selected task elicits modest elevations in core body temperature (<38.5 degrees C). PURPOSE:To determine the effect of environmental heat stress, with modest hyperthermia, on aerobic performa...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181adb9fb
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Exercise improves the diagnostic performance of ankle-to-brachial index (ABI) in the detection of exercise-induced arterial endofibrosis (EIAE). Pressure values for all four limbs are required to calculate ABI, but rapid systemic pressure changes occur during the recovery period from exercise. We checked whethe...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000232021.21361.9c
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The taper is a progressive nonlinear reduction of the training load during a variable period of time, in an attempt to reduce the physiological and psychological stress of daily training and optimize sports performance. The aim of the taper should be to minimize accumulated fatigue without compromising adaptations. Th...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1249/01.MSS.0000074448.73931.11
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Poliomyelitis is an acute viral disease that attacks the brain and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Damage to the lower motor neurons usually results in atrophy and weakness of muscle groups, perhaps paralysis and possibly deformity. A second type, bulbar poliomyelitis, infects the medulla oblongata and may result...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the effects of prolonged systemic administration of diclofenac sodium (Voltaren), a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on objective indices of exercise-induced muscle damage in humans. METHODS:Fifty-four volunteers (mean age, 26.4 yr; range, 18-35) participated in this randomized double-blind, pla...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005768-200007000-00001
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of weight loss (dehydration) techniques (which mimicked techniques used prior to actual competition) used by intercollegiate wrestlers on selected physiological parameters (strength, anaerobic power, anaerobic capacity, the lactate threshold (LT), and peak aerobic power) were examined in seven intercollegi...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:High-speed auto racing has been demonstrated to produce accelerated heart rate (HR) during competition. However, it has not been determined whether the increase in HR was due to physical work efforts or a result of emotional stress. PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to examine the physiological ...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200212000-00033
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This is a case study of an aerobically trained, multisport, female athlete (age = 39) diagnosed with stage IIIc human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 positive breast cancer. The focus of the study is on measures of cardiorespiratory fitness (V˙O2peak) through the course of cancer therapy. METHODS:A symptom-...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000000987
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:This study investigated the combined effects of exercise and smoking cessation on serum lipids. METHODS:Eighteen female smokers quit smoking using standard behavioral methods combined with exercise (N = 9) or with a nonexercise contact time control (N = 9). The smoking cessation program for both groups consist...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1097/00005768-199809000-00010
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
