Abstract:
:Poliomyelitis is an acute viral disease that attacks the brain and the ventral horn of the spinal cord. Damage to the lower motor neurons usually results in atrophy and weakness of muscle groups, perhaps paralysis and possibly deformity. A second type, bulbar poliomyelitis, infects the medulla oblongata and may result in dysfunction of the swallowing mechanism along with respiratory and circulatory distress. Minor forms of poliomyelitis result in fever, sore throat, headache, and upper body stiffness, but leave no significant atrophy or paralysis. The purpose of this paper is to review post-polio syndrome (PPS) as well as the effect of exercise on the symptoms and morphologic adaptations to PPS and where future research efforts should be directed. The most common features of PPS for over 350,000 afflicted survivors include general fatigue, weakness, and joint/muscle pain. The primary reasons for these symptoms include 1) destruction of the anterior horn cells by the polio virus, leaving fewer motor neurons to induce muscle contraction; 2) unaffected motor unit enlargement by reinnervation through terminal sprouting; and 3) defective transmission at the neuromuscular junction secondary to failure of terminal axonal sprout. Acute responses to resistive exercise suggest significant muscle strength decrements in the knee extensors compared with similar aged people without polio. However, limited training investigation indicates significant strength increases for the knee extensors following at least 6 wk of training. Acute aerobic responses also differ significantly from those observed in aged-matched control subjects. Chronic aerobic responses to limited training studies suggest significant elevations in maximal oxygen uptake.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Birk TJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-04-01 00:00:00pages
466-72issue
4eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:PURPOSE:To develop and provide initial psychometric support for a 16-item measure that assesses a new construct termed desire for physical competence (DPC). METHODS:A total of 157 older adults (aged 60-95) were administered the DPC along with various other questionnaires that assessed demographics, health status, soci...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000183231.61022.18
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Oral beta2-agonist administration improves muscle function in persons without asthma. We performed a double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover study to assess whether acute inhaled salbutamol administration improves muscle strength and fatigability in healthy moderately trained subjects. METHODS:Quad...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31816b87aa
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Closed rupture of the flexor tendon sheath has been known to occur in the elite rock climbing population. However, only one study has investigated the prevalence of this entity. PURPOSE:To examine an elite climbing group in this country for the prevalence of pulley rupture and report on other commonly occur...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200008000-00002
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The objective of this study was to examine the association of screen time viewing behavior with isometric trunk muscle strength in youth. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was carried out including 606 adolescents (14-16 yr old) participating in the Danish European Youth Heart Study, a population-based study wit...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318295af56
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of the current study was to investigate the associations between the GNB3 C825T polymorphism, body fatness and fitness, and blood pressure in a sample of young Korean men. METHODS:A total of 282 apparently healthy Korean men (nonobese N = 152, obese N = 130) aged 19-33 yr participated in the study....
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000170096.96662.05
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Scientists and clinicians have attempted to identify and understand biomechanical factors that influence concussion likelihood. The effect of impact frequency to a given head location before the concussion has not been evaluated. The purpose of this study was to compare the frequency of impacts to a given ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000896
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A cyclical operational model is proposed to examine the interrelationship of a number of factors that are involved in sports injury epidemiology. In sports injury research, investigations often attempt to identify a unique risk factor that distinguishes an injured player. However, a wide variety of factors can ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200112000-00004
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Oral L-arginine supplementation has been shown to improve treadmill time to exhaustion and resting insulin sensitivity in individuals with peripheral vascular disease and type 2 diabetes, respectively. Furthermore, L-citrulline supplementation increases plasma L-arginine concentration to a level higher than tha...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000210197.02576.da
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Different therapies can improve clinical and motor symptoms of multiple sclerosis (MS) similarly, but studies comparing the effects of different exercise therapies on clinical and motor outcomes are scant. We compared the effects of exergaming (EXE), balance (BAL), cycling (CYC), proprioceptive neuromuscul...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002228
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study established the published prediction equations for the energy expenditure of walking and running compared with the measured values. To make this comparison we first determined whether differences exist in energy expenditure for 1600 m of walking versus running, and whether energy expenditure differen...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000147584.87788.0e
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Strain magnitude is known to be a primary determinant of the osteogenic response to loading. However, whether bone adaptation to muscle loading is determined primarily by load magnitude is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the contribution of load magnitude from muscle action on the site-speci...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199909000-00009
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study examines the usefulness of complementing accelerometry-based physical activity measurement with spatial data from portable global positioning system (GPS) units to determine where physical activity occurs. METHODS:First, using the geographic distribution of data points and Bland-Altman plots, we exa...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000185297.72328.ce
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten highly trained endurance athletes were studied to determine the effects of exposure to low ozone (O3) concentrations on simulated competitive endurance performance and associated physiological and subjective symptom responses. Each subject was randomly exposed to filtered air (FA), and to 0.12, 0.18, and 0.24 ppm ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A 20-d 6 degrees head-down tilt bed rest project was conducted to evaluate the effect of dynamic leg press and plantar flexion resistance training on muscle size and function in human plantar flexors (PF) throughout the prolonged bed rest. METHODS:Twelve healthy men participated in this study and were divided ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000058367.66796.35
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study determines Chinese body segment parameters based on a magnetic resonance imaging method. METHODS:Fifty young Chinese men (21.5 ± 1.52 yr) participated in this study. Magnetic resonance images were obtained using a GE magnetic resonance imaging 1.5-T scanner with 10-mm thickness. The magnetic re...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182923b2a
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:High-speed auto racing has been demonstrated to produce accelerated heart rate (HR) during competition. However, it has not been determined whether the increase in HR was due to physical work efforts or a result of emotional stress. PURPOSE:The purpose of this investigation was to examine the physiological ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200212000-00033
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immune response was assessed in 13 competitive bodybuilders self-administering anabolic-androgenic steroids and ten competitive bodybuilders not administering these drugs. Laboratory assessment included the number and relative distribution of T-cells, T-helper/inducer cells, T-cytotoxic/suppressor cells, activated...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:There is interest in the potential long-term use of dietary supplementation with bovine colostrum to enhance exercise performance. The purpose of the present study was to determine the dose effects of bovine colostrum on cycling performance. METHODS:Forty-two competitive cyclists were randomly divided into thr...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00005768-200207000-00020
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Muscle force can be transmitted via connective tissues to neighboring muscles. The goal of this research is to determine the extent to which this effects force summation between synergists during physiological conditions. This manuscript reviews two studies examining the interaction between synergists in cat hindlimb....
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318183c0c3
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Exercise training restores innate immune system cell function in post-myocardial infarction (post-MI) rats. However, studies of the involvement of lymphocyte (Ly) in the setting of the congestive heart failure (CHF) are few. To address this issue, we investigated the function of Ly obtained from cervical lymph ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31815ed6d2
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The papers in this supplement to Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise seek to summarize our knowledge of the dose-response relationship of exercise with a variety of health outcomes. This type of rigorous evidence summation has become quite popular in the past 10 years as health care providers and policymakers ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200106001-00004
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to quantify the repeated oxygen deficits attained during intermittent endurance exercise by measuring oxygen consumption (V˙O2) and oxygen demand (V˙O2) throughout a simulated roller ski race. METHODS:Eight male elite cross-country skiers (V˙O2peak, 77.4 ± 4.4 mL·kg⋅min) raced a 13.5-km roller...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002209
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Reducing ice friction was one of the motives for developing the klapskate. However, the magnitude of power dissipation that occurs with conventional skates when a skater plantar flexes his ankle and the tip of the blade is pressed into the ice has not been quantified previously. In this study, we examine how ic...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200103000-00025
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to determine the effect of cooling progressively greater portions of the lower extremities on dynamic balance and neuromuscular activation. METHODS:Ten healthy males (22.8 ± 3.4 yr, 76.5 ± 9.1 kg) performed one room air temperature control (22.4°C ± 0.8°C) and three trials of cold water immers...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000379
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the study was to evaluate selected parameters describing performance characteristics of a free-weight and isokinetic bench press. A secondary purpose was an attempt to clarify the technique requirements essential for a successful lift. Parameters describing the free-weight condition were generated from ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of this paper was to determine whether differences in hemoglobin (Hb) and muscle aerobic capacity exist between African-American (AA) and Caucasian (CA) premenopausal women and to determine whether Hb and aerobic capacity of the muscle are associated with the racial differences in maximum oxygen upt...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200110000-00019
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purposes of this study was to determine functional movement assessments' ability to predict head impact biomechanics in college football players and to determine whether head impact biomechanics could explain preseason to postseason changes in functional movement performance. METHODS:Participants (N = 44; ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001538
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE AND METHODS:It is commonly recognized that there is familial aggregation for physical activity level. However, the genes and sequence variants responsible for the familial clustering have not been investigated. We performed a genome-wide linkage scan based on 432 markers typed in 767 subjects from 207 families ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000078937.22939.7E
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The purpose of the study was to determine the effect of a home-based cycling program for women with a recent diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) on aerobic fitness, weight gain, self-reported mobility, attitude, and intentions toward maternal exercise, and obstetric and neonatal outcomes. METHODS:...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000587
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This document provides an overview of selected medical issues that are important to team physicians who are responsible for the care and treatment of athletes. It is not intended as a standard of care and should not be interpreted as such. This document is only a guide and, as such, is of a general nature, consistent ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 共识发展会议,杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31818acdcb
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00