Abstract:
PURPOSE:A cyclical operational model is proposed to examine the interrelationship of a number of factors that are involved in sports injury epidemiology. In sports injury research, investigations often attempt to identify a unique risk factor that distinguishes an injured player. However, a wide variety of factors can contribute to a sports injury occurring, and an understanding of the cause of injury is important to advance knowledge. METHODS:The proposed model identifies a healthy/fit player initially, although the player may exhibit a number of intrinsic risk factors for sports injury. Before exposure to extrinsic risk factors, there is the opportunity for implementation of prevention strategies by coaching personnel and the sports medicine team. These strategies might include, among others, appropriate warm-up, adequate hydration, wearing protective equipment, and prophylactic taping. Additionally, preventative screening could take place to assess the various intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors that could lead to sports injury. DISCUSSION:Two examples of how the operational model relates to contact sports injury cases are presented. Participating in sport inevitably exposes the player to external risk factors that predispose toward injury. The treatment of the injured player aims to restore the player to preinjury playing status and to prevent the injury from becoming chronic. CONCLUSIONS:It is suggested that the application of this proposed cyclical model may lead to greater success in understanding the multifaceted nature of sports injuries and furthermore help minimize injury risk and support the rehabilitation of injured contact sports participants.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Gissane C,White J,Kerr K,Jennings Ddoi
10.1097/00005768-200112000-00004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-12-01 00:00:00pages
1999-2003issue
12eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Inappropriate cushioning and/or tractional characteristics of sports surfaces are assumed to increase surface-related injuries in various sports activities. Various tests assessing cushioning and frictional properties are currently in use to evaluate sports surfaces with respect to their potential to reduce the number...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study examined the direct, moderating, and indirect effects of dispositional optimism on the prediction of, and athletes' responses to, injury. METHODS:A 2-yr longitudinal design was conducted with a baseline sample of 694 asymptomatic participants (389 men, 305 women; mean ± SD age = 19.17 ± 1.69 yr), 10...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e31826ea8e3
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Ankle proprioception training has been found to improve balance-related gait disorders; however, the relationship between ankle proprioception and specific gait patterns in older adults with and without impaired balance has not been systematically examined. METHODS:This study characterizes gait patterns o...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001017
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article provides an overview of the history behind the physiological concepts defining the role of the arterial baroreflexes and their regulation of arterial blood pressure during dynamic exercise. Initially, the case is made as to "why the arterial baroreflexes must be involved with blood pressure regulation dur...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318180bc41
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty well-trained runners (VO2max 4.6+/-0.5 L x min[-1]) were age and ability matched and assigned to either a cross training (CT) or run only group (RT). All subjects maintained normal running distance and intensity for 6 wk and reported for three additional training sessions per week. These workouts were performed...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-199802000-00019
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recovery of ambulatory function after stroke is routinely assessed using standardized subject- or observer-rated instruments that do not directly measure ambulatory activities in the home-community setting. Accuracy of conventional pedometers in stroke patients is not established, limiting their application in ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00005768-200203000-00002
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether quantitative methods could separate golfers with a possible dystonic cause of the "yips" from those that appear to be nondystonic. METHODS:Twenty-seven golfers completed 10 two-handed and 10 right hand-only putts. Surface EMG assessed forearm muscle co-contraction and motion detectors moni...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001687
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Similar to musician's focal dystonia, a task-specific phenomenon known as yips, has also been reported in professional athletes. Yips is usually described as focal dystonia, or choking under pressure, or as lying on a continuum between both. Based on the common occupational conditions across musicians and athle...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001696
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION AND PURPOSE:Physical inactivity in postmenopausal women contributes to a rise in atherogenic risk factors associated with the metabolic syndrome. Although regular physical activity positively contributes to health, inactivity progressively increases with age. The Dose Response to Exercise in Women aged 45-...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000113738.06267.E5
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 23-yr-old female body builder injured her right wrist while training. A correct diagnosis of pure distal radio-ulnar dislocation, ulnar volar, was made, and reduction was successfully carried out. After removal of plaster, the patient complained of wrist pain and clicking. Surgical exploration revealed a ruptured tr...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to establish whether time spent in sport-related physical activities and sedentary behaviors (e.g., TV viewing, videogame usage, and homework) was prospectively associated with change in blood pressure (BP) for 5 yr. METHODS:Eight hundred and twenty-one students age 6 yr at baseline (397 girls...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000166
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Physical activity (PA) associates with cardiovascular autonomic function, but the relationship with lifelong PA is unclear. We hypothesized that lifelong PA would associate with cardiovascular autonomic function in midlife. METHODS:At the age of 46 yr, the subjects of the prospective Northern Finland Birth Coh...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000000942
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to examine whether long-term fish oil (FO) supplementation is associated with a lower risk of mobility disability and enhances benefits of physical activity (PA). METHODS:A total of 1635 sedentary adults age 70 to 89 yr from the Lifestyle Interventions and Independence for Elders single-blinde...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000002195
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:In this study, we examined the effects of body position (from deep to high position) in slide boarding by well-trained cross-country skiers. The main hypothesis was that a deeper, more "crouched" position would lead to reduced air resistance and enhanced power production during explosive extension of the lower ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000227536.13175.52
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two swims (1993 and 1994) are described which led to post-swim orthostatic intolerance and one episode of syncope in a 50/51-yr-old well-trained and experienced marathon swimmer. The swims of 33 km and 38 km took 12 h 30 s and 17 h 35 min, respectively. Water temperature in each swim was above 23 degrees C and rectal ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In "normal" conditions (e.g., normoxia, absence of pathological conditions) convective and diffusive O(2) delivery to skeletal muscle fibers do not seem to represent important determinants for the kinetics of adjustment of oxidative phosphorylation following increases in metabolic demand. Whereas a limiting role by PD...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000177472.67419.0a
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study determined the dose-response effects of inhaled salbutamol (SAL) on time-trial performance and urine concentrations of SAL (cSAL). METHODS:Nonasthmatic, trained male cyclists and triathletes (N = 37) were studied. Day 1 consisted of screening for airway hyperresponsiveness, using a eucapnic voluntar...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/mss.0b013e3181591df7
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Age Discrimination in Employment Act has raised the issue of Bona Fide Occupational Qualifications for employment in the public safety sector. Complicating the issue is the number of lawsuits filed for violation of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act. Physical performance testing as an alternative to arbitrar...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In embryonic chicken skeletal muscle, the presence of a ventricular myosin heavy chain (MHC) is demonstrated by reactivity with an anti-ventricular MHC antibody. Developmental repression of the ventricular MHC expression occurs earlier in embryonic fast twitch posterior latissimus dorsi (PLD) than in embryonic slow-to...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Postactivation potentiation (PAP), i.e., the increase in twitch torque following a maximal voluntary conditioning contraction, has been shown to depend on muscle contractile conditions (e.g., muscle length). Few studies, however, have investigated the extent of twitch PAP under dynamic conditions in human subje...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e318160ba54
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although low back pain (LBP) is a widespread and disabling health problem, there is a lack of evidence based medicine with respect to its treatment and rehabilitation. A major reason for this is the poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of the LBP syndromes. In an attempt to fill this gap, the present review...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00005768-200111000-00014
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Serial evaluation of aerobic metabolism and exercise tolerance early after heart transplantation (HT). METHODS:Fifteen heart transplant recipients (HTR), aged 52.0 +/- 9.9 yr (mean +/- SD), not undergoing structured rehabilitation programs, were tested two to four times during the first 2 yr post-HT. As a refe...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/01.MSS.0000093610.71730.02
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The degree of parasympathetic control of resting heart rate (PC) was assessed by measurement of variation in heart period (VHP) during cardiopulmonary synchronization of respiration. Respiratory period was arbitrarily preset and standardized at 7 heart beats (3 beats inspiration, 4 beats expiration). The mathematical ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/00005768-198508000-00008
更新日期:1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the course of 2 yr, we prospectively studied the effect on resting metabolic rate (RMR) of multiple cycles of weight loss followed by regain in six weight cycling collegiate wrestlers (WC) (mean age = 19.0 yr) compared with 12 weight stable, physically active, nonwrestling controls (C) (mean age = 20.9 yr), whose...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of the potent opioid, sufentanil, were studied in 11 athletes. Sufentanil was administered intravenously (up to 0.5 microgram.kg-1 over 10 min) to the subjects while they ran at 14 km.hr-1 on a level treadmill. Prior to, and after, the drug infusion, the treadmill was inclined by 6% for 4 min and CO2 was i...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the optimal crank length and crank-axle height for maximum power production during standing arm cranking ("grinding"). METHODS:Nine elite professional America's Cup grinders (age = 36 +/- 2 yr, body mass = 104 +/- 1 kg, body fat = 13% +/- 2%) performed eight maximal 6-s sprints on an adjustable ...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181b46f3a
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Physical activity (PA) promotion among youth is a public health priority, and there is a need for robust surveillance systems to help support such initiatives. Existing youth PA self-report instruments that are used for surveillance lack information regarding the types and contexts of activity. Further, these i...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001562
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Competitive female athletes restrict energy intake and increase exercise energy expenditure frequently resulting in ovarian suppression. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of ovarian suppression and energy deficit on swimming performance (400-m swim velocity). METHODS:Menstrual status w...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182a32b72
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Current athlete-specific protein recommendations are based almost exclusively on research in males. PURPOSE:Using the minimally invasive indicator amino acid oxidation technique, we determined the daily protein intake that maximizes whole-body protein synthesis (PS) and net protein balance (NB) after exer...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000001832
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Recent literature suggests that subconcussive impacts may influence cognitive functioning across the life span. These effects are suggested to manifest as functional and possibly structural changes. Head impact biomechanics during American football have been characterized from the high school to professional le...
journal_title:Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182798758
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00