Abstract：
:The penicillins continue to be important antibiotics for the treatment and prophylaxis of many infectious diseases. The emergence of resistant microorganism has led to the development of newer penicillin compounds that have extended spectrums of antimicrobial activity. Beta-lactamase production by many pathogenic bacteria is the most common and clinically relevant mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The addition of beta-lactamase inhibitors to penicillin antibiotics has proven to be successful in preventing the inactivation of the parent penicillin compound by the more commonly produced beta-lactamase enzymes.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Bush LM,Calmon J,Johnson CCsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-09-01 00:00:00pages
571-94issue
3eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824journal_volume
3pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Oral mucositis is a serious complication of cancer therapy and in severely immunosuppressed patients. In immunosuppressed patients, the signs and symptoms of infection often are muted because of limited host response, and accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment may be difficult. Prevention of mucosal breakdown, s...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2007.03.003
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum protein binding of antimicrobials can reduce antimicrobial activity, restrict tissue distribution, and delay drug elimination. Binding percentages of 80 per cent or more have the potential to significantly reduce free drug levels and affect therapeutic efficacy in patients. However, binding-induced alterations i...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The central nervous system and systemic complications of bacterial meningitis cause significant morbidity and mortality. This article offers insight into the clinical features, pathogenesis, and management of these complications. In many instances, the improved outcome of intervention is based on clinical suspicion an...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70099-4
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytomegalovirus (CMV) continues to be responsible for a substantial fraction of the morbidity and mortality that follows organ transplantation. The three major consequences of CMV infection are CMV disease (encompassing a range of clinical illness), superinfection with opportunistic pathogens, and injury to the transp...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A small number of bacterial agents, including enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Shigella and Vibrio cholerae 01 and one virus, rotavirus, combine to cause a major proportion of the diarrheal illness of public health importance worldwide. Salmonella typhi is by far the major caus...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antimicrobial resistance is a natural evolutionary process, which in the case of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is based on spontaneous chromosomal mutations, meaning that well-designed combination drug regimens provided under supervised therapy will prevent the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Unfortunately, limited ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2016.02.010
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection is a well-described complication of cirrhosis and is a major cause of death in this population. This article examines the types of infections related with cirrhosis, such as bacteremia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and others. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70150-1
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In older adults, pathophysiologic, clinical, and environmental factors all affect the presentation of infections. We explore how age-related changes influence the manifestation and evaluation of infections in this population. Specific topics include immunosenescence, age-related organ-specific physiologic changes, and...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increasing number of HIV-infected patients will require surgical therapy. The methods of diagnosis and therapeutic planning for HIV-infected patients are the same as for all other patients. Surgery should be advised if an operation is likely to have a positive effect on the patient's life. Most patients with AIDS w...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although antimicrobial stewardship has been shown to improve microbiologic susceptibility patterns, decrease drug toxicities, and lower overall drug costs in the inpatient setting, there are few studies assessing programs in the long-term care (LTC) setting. Implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in LTC setti...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2014.01.001
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infections are common during infancy and childhood but are easily overlooked because of the unspecific symptoms. Prevention of renal scarring and its potential long-term consequences is possible but requires an increased awareness of the diagnosis, the imaging revealing anomalies within the urinary tract...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70370-6
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis occurs in 5 to 35 per cent of AIDS patients, frequently precedes the diagnosis of AIDS, and is increasing in incidence. Clinically, AIDS-associated tuberculosis is similar in presentation to progressive, primary tuberculosis and can be treated effectively with standard antitube...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, especially in women. Low-dose daily or postcoital antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective for prevention of recurrent UTIs and women can self-diagnose and self-treat a new UTI with antibiotics. The increasing resistance rates of Escherichia coli to antimicrobial age...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2013.10.001
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in the hospital and in the community, and it is increasingly resistant to multiple antibiotics. A nonantimicrobial approach to controlling S aureus is needed. The most extensively tested vaccine against S aureus, which is a capsular polysaccharide-based vaccine known as S...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.005
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article establishes the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters that are important when considering the intracellular activity of antibiotics. Generally speaking, the main classes of antibiotics seem to share globally the same properties against extracellular and intracellular organisms. The specific cellular ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(03)00066-7
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents continues to be a major problem among both nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens. Bacteria employ a variety of strategies to avoid the inhibitory effects of antibiotic agents, and have evolved highly efficient means for the dissemination of resistance traits. T...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents a discussion of the management of vascular prosthetic infections. The emphasis is on aortic graft infections, but other peripheral graft infections are also discussed. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Use of the most rapid and reliable laboratory tests for mycobacterial detection, identification, and susceptibility testing is important for TB control. In 1993, CDC experts made recommendations regarding optimal methods of mycobacterial testing (i.e., stains for AFB, culture, identification, and susceptibility testin...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(03)00049-7
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the close of the 19th century, the germ theory had generated a new understanding of the causes of acute infectious diseases and revealed new directions for study. This understanding contributed to the greatest improvements in health in the history of medicine. At the end of the 20th century, the second stage of thi...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00099-0
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract illness caused by viral infection in children 2 years of age and younger, frequently associated with wheezing on physical examination. It is a common cause of hospitalization, particularly in patients with risk factors for more serious disease. The diagnosis can be made based...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.10.002
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The urinary tract undergoes profound physiologic and anatomic changes during pregnancy that facilitate the development of symptomatic urinary tract infections in women with bacteriuria. While the adverse effects of asymptomatic bacteriuria on maternal and fetal health continue to be debated, it is clear that asymptoma...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The approach to neurologic diagnosis and management of HIV-infected and AIDS patients follows that used in general neurologic practice but takes into account the altered probabilities of differential diagnosis in this group of patients. Clinical and neurodiagnostic evaluations, when pursued with a background understan...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes that occur in the pharmacology of drugs in the elderly must be considered in the use of antimicrobial agents. Although absorption of orally administered drugs is not affected in a significant way, renal function decreases, drug-drug interactions increase, compliance with regimens may be decreased, and drug tox...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70252-x
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Throughout history, infectious diarrhea has been associated with crowding, poor sanitation, and war. Although descriptions of infectious diarrhea exist in the earliest records of civilization, effective measures for prevention were not widely or consistently used until the modern era of active public health promotion....
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2004.01.006
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the introduction of the floroquinolones for clinical use in the late 1980s, they have been used successfully for a large number of clinical situations. As experience accumulates, the indications and optimal use of these agents gradually become more clear. Unfortunately, two of the pathogens for which these agent...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article updates the epidemiologic situation of HIV and AIDS infection and summarizes the most common clinical manifestations in Latin American countries. As of December 1992, a total of 59,723 AIDS cases had been reported to the Pan American Health Organization from Mexico, Central America, South America, and the...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tegumentary leishmaniases are caused by approximately 15 species of protozoa of the genus Leishmania. They prevail in tropical and subtropical areas of the Old and New World but human mobility also makes them a medical problem in nonendemic areas. Clinical manifestations may comprise cutaneous and mucocutaneous forms ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2012.03.001
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histoplasmosis is a fungus disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Because of its wide distribution and tendency to be endemic near large cities, it is the most common systemic mycosis in the United States, with an estimated 500,000 new infections per year. Although millions of persons in the United States have been...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with HIV is a problem of growing magnitude among women and children in the United States. During 1991, AIDS will be among the five leading causes of death for women of childbearing age. Over 80% of children with HIV have acquired the infection vertically, and AIDS is now a leading cause of death of children ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Latin America, acute gastroenteritis remains to be an important cause of morbidity in adults and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. A child under 5 years of age belonging to a low income segment of the Latin American population will develop 5 to 10 bouts of diarrhea every year. The bacterial and ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
