Abstract：
:This article establishes the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters that are important when considering the intracellular activity of antibiotics. Generally speaking, the main classes of antibiotics seem to share globally the same properties against extracellular and intracellular organisms. The specific cellular pharmacokinetic properties may modulate those parameters so as to let other ones to become critical. Simple rules, such as equating accumulation and activity, are certainly incorrect, and other determinants need to be added to the equation. Finally, this article emphasizes the fact that much remains to be done in this area before rational therapeutic choices can be made.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Carryn S,Chanteux H,Seral C,Mingeot-Leclercq MP,Van Bambeke F,Tulkens PMdoi
10.1016/s0891-5520(03)00066-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-09-01 00:00:00pages
615-34issue
3eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824pii
S0891-5520(03)00066-7journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In healthy adults and children in developed countries, most foodborne and water-borne infections are short-lived and resolve without specific treatment. In developing areas, these infections may produce acute mortality and chronic morbidity caused by developmental impairment. Immune-compromised hosts are at increased ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2013.05.006
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of a host to sense invasion by a pathogenic organism, and to respond appropriately to control infection, is paramount to survival. To that end, an array of receptors and binding proteins has evolved as part of the innate immune system to detect Gram-negative bacteria. This article reviews the role of CD14,...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70078-7
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vancomycin and daptomycin are options for the initial treatment of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Treatment options for persistent MRSA bacteremia or bacteremia due to vancomycin-intermediate or vancomycin-resistant strains include daptomycin, ceftaroline, and combination ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2020.04.003
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In older adults, pathophysiologic, clinical, and environmental factors all affect the presentation of infections. We explore how age-related changes influence the manifestation and evaluation of infections in this population. Specific topics include immunosenescence, age-related organ-specific physiologic changes, and...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.017
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The number of species that comprise the family of Bartonellaceae, genus Bartonella, has recently increased from one to 11 species, five of which have been associated with different diseases and syndromes in humans. The rapidly growing number of human pathogens has led several investigators to regard bartonellosis and ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70215-4
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Urinary tract infections are common during infancy and childhood but are easily overlooked because of the unspecific symptoms. Prevention of renal scarring and its potential long-term consequences is possible but requires an increased awareness of the diagnosis, the imaging revealing anomalies within the urinary tract...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70370-6
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection is a well-described complication of cirrhosis and is a major cause of death in this population. This article examines the types of infections related with cirrhosis, such as bacteremia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and others. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70150-1
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zygomycosis is an increasingly common infection in immunocompromised patients. Advances in the understanding of Zygomycetes pathobiology and the introduction of new drugs with improved activity and tolerability for treatment of zygomycosis have improved the prospects of effectively controlling this devastating infecti...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2006.06.003
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among several common bacterial pathogens requires that clinical microbiology laboratories have the ability to promptly and accurately recognize resistance in patients' isolates. Laboratories have several options for performing routine susceptibility testing, including the brot...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70390-1
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellulitis is a common clinical diagnosis in the outpatient and inpatient setting; studies have demonstrated a surprisingly high misdiagnosis rate: nearly one-third of cases are other conditions (ie, pseudocellulitis). This high rate of misdiagnosis is thought to contribute to nearly $515 million in avoidable health c...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2020.10.001
更新日期：2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AIDS is characteristically associated with several intracellular enteric protozoan infections that often cause chronic and sometimes fatal intractable large-volume diarrhea. Until the AIDS epidemic, several of these parasitic infections were almost unknown as causes of human disease. This article reviews the diseases ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infections accompanying severe pancreatitis are secondary and of three types: infected pancreatic necrosis, infected pseudocyst (including peripancreatic fluid collection), and pancreatic abscess. The first is an earlier, more morbid process, with antibiotics supportive and surgical debridement necessary. The latter t...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heart transplant remain the definitive therapy for end-stage heart failure but is limited by the availability of suitable donors. Ventricular assist devices (VAD) are designed as mechanical pumps to supplement or replace the function of damaged ventricles and maintain appropriate blood flow in patients with end-stage ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2018.07.001
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactive arthritis is classified as a spondyloarthropathy. Current concepts of disease suggest an infectious trigger, followed by inflammatory arthritis. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the interaction of host susceptibility and microorganism. Diagnosis relies on a compatible clinical syndrome and mic...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.01.002
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genome-wide association studies have identified polymorphisms located near the gene encoding IL28B, which turned out to be the best predictor of response to pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection. This association was extended to spontaneous clearance of HCV, sugge...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2012.08.010
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the preantibiotic era, deep fascial space infections were common, and physicians were well acquainted with their complex and sometimes subtle manifestations. Widespread use of antibiotics, however, not only has significantly decreased the incidence of deep neck infections but also has altered their clinical manifes...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anti-varicella-zoster virus serum antibody assays and their use in vaccine development are described. Of particular interest are FAMA and neutralization assays and the gpELISA. These and other assays are compared and summarized in terms of characteristics including biologic relevance, sensitivity, specificity, and sui...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70311-1
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The incidence of meningococcal disease is at an historic low in the United States, but prevention remains a priority because of the devastating outcomes and risk for outbreaks. Available vaccines are recommended routinely for persons at increased risk for disease to protect against all major serogroups of Neisseria me...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2015.08.002
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents a discussion of the management of vascular prosthetic infections. The emphasis is on aortic graft infections, but other peripheral graft infections are also discussed. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents continues to be a major problem among both nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens. Bacteria employ a variety of strategies to avoid the inhibitory effects of antibiotic agents, and have evolved highly efficient means for the dissemination of resistance traits. T...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis. In older adults, it is responsible for an estimated 3.7 million illnesses; 320,000 outpatient visits; 69,000 emergency department visits; 39,000 hospitalizations; and 960 deaths annually in the United States. Older adults are particularly at risk for severe outc...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.012
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Living safely after organ transplantation starts before transplant and continues after transplant. To minimize a solid organ transplant (SOT) recipient's risk for infection and risk for injury, it is important to plan for numerous potential exposures after transplant. These include potential exposure to others with vi...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2018.04.014
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The returning traveler with fever presents a diagnostic challenge for the health care provider. When evaluating such a patient, the highest priority should be given to diseases that are potentially fatal or may represent public health threats. A good history is paramount and needs to include destination, time and dura...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2007.08.005
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The desideratum of "appropriate" antibiotic therapy include efficacy, safety, and low cost. Strategies for achieving these goals include education, control of the hospital formulary, written justification forms and automatic stop orders, ongoing utilization review, restriction, required consultation, control of labora...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Histoplasmosis is a fungus disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Because of its wide distribution and tendency to be endemic near large cities, it is the most common systemic mycosis in the United States, with an estimated 500,000 new infections per year. Although millions of persons in the United States have been...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytomegaloviruses (CMVs) are DNA viruses and are members of the Herpesviridae family. Morphologically, CMV resembles other herpes viruses, particularly herpes simplex viruses, with important cytopathic differences. CMVs are recognized pathogens that cause community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in compromised hosts, such a...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2009.10.008
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article updates the epidemiologic situation of HIV and AIDS infection and summarizes the most common clinical manifestations in Latin American countries. As of December 1992, a total of 59,723 AIDS cases had been reported to the Pan American Health Organization from Mexico, Central America, South America, and the...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with HIV is a problem of growing magnitude among women and children in the United States. During 1991, AIDS will be among the five leading causes of death for women of childbearing age. Over 80% of children with HIV have acquired the infection vertically, and AIDS is now a leading cause of death of children ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although only few cases of diphtheria are reported annually in the United States, substantial numbers of adults have declining levels of protective serum antitoxin. A recent outbreak of diphtheria in Sweden emphasizes the importance of reimmunizing adults in diphtheria toxoid, included as part of routine use of tetanu...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is the lethal end stage of a sexually transmitted disease caused by a virus that is producing the major epidemic of our century. In this article we describe the history and epidemiology of AIDS and the disease states associated with infection with the human immunodeficiency vi...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00
