IL28B polymorphisms as a pretreatment predictor of response to HCV treatment.

abstract：:Mold infections carry a substantial clinical and economic burden in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with a high overall mortality of near 30%. The most important pathogens include Aspergillus, the Zygomycetes, Fusarium, Scedosporium/Pseudallescheria, and the dematiaceous (dark) molds. Risk factors for the infe...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Lemonovich TL

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza is a zoonotic respiratory virus that affects birds, mammals, and humans. Influenza viruses are unique in their genetic instability, which frequently results in antigenic drift or shift. Antigenic shifts are responsible for influenza epidemics. Influenza A pandemics have been responsible for millions of death...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cunha BA

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) syndrome is a potentially life-threatening infection typified by a combination of a capillary leak syndrome and bleeding diathesis. Most but not all agents causing VHF are arboviruses, with transmission to humans resulting from an arthropod bite. Agents of VHF affect humans on all con...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Meltzer E

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As the result of a formidable effort, the recent TB epidemic in the United States has abated; however, major questions remain as the risk of TB diminishes. Will we maintain an adequate public health effort not only to prevent another resurgence of TB but also to renew our pursuit of TB elimination? Do we have the will...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Griffith DE

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although a small number of infections in total joint replacements are blood borne from distant sources, most infections appear to have been derived at operation. Strenuous attempts to reduce this risk by cleaning the air in the wound environment, coupled with prophylactic antibiotics, have reduced infection rates by a...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Gillespie WJ

更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infection is a well-described complication of cirrhosis and is a major cause of death in this population. This article examines the types of infections related with cirrhosis, such as bacteremia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and others. ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Johnson DH,Cunha BA

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections accompanying severe pancreatitis are secondary and of three types: infected pancreatic necrosis, infected pseudocyst (including peripancreatic fluid collection), and pancreatic abscess. The first is an earlier, more morbid process, with antibiotics supportive and surgical debridement necessary. The latter t...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Traverso LW

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, gynecologic conditions of increased importance in the HIV-infected woman are discussed. Women living with HIV may have an increase in menstrual disorders, lower genital tract neoplasias, gynecologic surgery, and sexually transmitted infections. The literature relevant to choosing a method of contracep...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cejtin HE

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis. In older adults, it is responsible for an estimated 3.7 million illnesses; 320,000 outpatient visits; 69,000 emergency department visits; 39,000 hospitalizations; and 960 deaths annually in the United States. Older adults are particularly at risk for severe outc...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cardemil CV,Parashar UD,Hall AJ

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on the use of immunoglobulin variable regions, including Id, anti-Id, anticlonotypes, and Id engineering as putative vaccines and vaccine strategies for infectious diseases; and specific discussion of Id systems involving antigenic determinants associated with potentially pathogenic organisms. ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Hefty PS,Kennedy RC

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid rate of increase in reported cases of Lyme disease exceeds that of any zoonotic disease, and the annual occurrence of cases is greater than the sum of all other tick-borne illnesses in the United States. This, in addition to the geographic spread of cases to most of the United States, has greatly heightened ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Buchstein SR,Gardner P

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of resistance to antimicrobial agents continues to be a major problem among both nosocomial and community-acquired pathogens. Bacteria employ a variety of strategies to avoid the inhibitory effects of antibiotic agents, and have evolved highly efficient means for the dissemination of resistance traits. T...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Fraimow HS,Abrutyn E

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Erythema migrans (EM) is the most common objective manifestation of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Systemic symptoms are usually present. Most patients do not recall a preceding tick bite. Despite a characteristic appearance, EM is not pathognomonic for Lyme disease and must be distinguished from other similar appear...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Nadelman RB

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histoplasmosis is a fungus disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Because of its wide distribution and tendency to be endemic near large cities, it is the most common systemic mycosis in the United States, with an estimated 500,000 new infections per year. Although millions of persons in the United States have been...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Wheat LJ

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, especially in women. Low-dose daily or postcoital antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective for prevention of recurrent UTIs and women can self-diagnose and self-treat a new UTI with antibiotics. The increasing resistance rates of Escherichia coli to antimicrobial age...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Geerlings SE,Beerepoot MA,Prins JM

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the ICU, fever can be expected to accompany an extensive number of conditions of both infectious and noninfectious etiologies. It is crucial to identify the precise cause of fever, because certain conditions in either category may be life-threatening, whereas others require no treatment at all. It is important to r...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cunha BA,Shea KW

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CSF evaluation is the single most important aspect of the laboratory diagnosis of meningitis. Analysis of the CSF abnormalities produced by bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal infections may greatly facilitate diagnosis and direct initial therapy. Basic studies of CSF that should be performed in all patients with men...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Greenlee JE

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The combination of molecular pathogen diagnostics and the biomarker procalcitonin (PCT) are changing the use of antimicrobials in patients admitted to critical care units with severe community-acquired pneumonia, possible septic shock, or other clinical syndromes. An elevated serum PCT level is good supportive evidenc...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Gilbert DN

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water serves as a major reservoir for the environmental mycobacteria. Many cases of cutaneous mycobacterial disease result from water exposure. The current theory of the pathogenesis of M. avium complex lung disease involves inhalation of organisms aerosolized from surface water. Disseminated M. avium disease in AIDS ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Wallace RJ Jr

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Latin America, acute gastroenteritis remains to be an important cause of morbidity in adults and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. A child under 5 years of age belonging to a low income segment of the Latin American population will develop 5 to 10 bouts of diarrhea every year. The bacterial and ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Prado V,O'Ryan ML

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the leading cause of death from infectious diseases in the United States. The mortality rate due to severe CAP has shown little improvement over the past few years, with a rate as high as 50% mainly in patients admitted to intensive care units. Death and adverse outcomes from CAP ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Sibila O,Restrepo MI,Anzueto A

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Heart transplant remain the definitive therapy for end-stage heart failure but is limited by the availability of suitable donors. Ventricular assist devices (VAD) are designed as mechanical pumps to supplement or replace the function of damaged ventricles and maintain appropriate blood flow in patients with end-stage ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Teoh TK,Hannan MM

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among several common bacterial pathogens requires that clinical microbiology laboratories have the ability to promptly and accurately recognize resistance in patients' isolates. Laboratories have several options for performing routine susceptibility testing, including the brot...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Jorgensen JH

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiretroviral management of treatment-naive patients begins with the decision of when to start treatment. Current treatment guidelines suggest starting therapy in anyone with AIDS, HIV-related symptoms, or a CD4 cell count less than 200/mm3 regardless of symptoms. Starting treatment in asymptomatic patients with CD4 ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Gulick RM

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:KS is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among AIDS patients and a treatment problem in the sporadic cases that are not associated with HIV. All four forms of the disease are linked to a newly described herpesvirus, HHV-8 or KSHV, via strong epidemiologic associations and biologic plausibility as a causal agent....

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Greenblatt RM

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Urinary tract infections are common during infancy and childhood but are easily overlooked because of the unspecific symptoms. Prevention of renal scarring and its potential long-term consequences is possible but requires an increased awareness of the diagnosis, the imaging revealing anomalies within the urinary tract...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Hansson S,Martinell J,Stokland E,Jodal U

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimicrobial stewardship programs aim to monitor, improve, and measure responsible antibiotic use. The intensive care unit (ICU), with its critically ill patients and prevalence of multiple drug-resistant pathogens, presents unique challenges. This article reviews approaches to stewardship with application to the ICU...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Doernberg SB,Chambers HF

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A polyvalent vaccine has been prepared from the capsular polysaccharide of 24 different serotypes of Klebsiella spp. Nearly 200 volunteers have received this vaccine. It is very well tolerated and elicits both binding (ELISA) and functional antibody to 21 of 24 antigens. Antibodies were also detected against 10 seroty...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cross AS,Sadoff JC,Furer E,Cryz SJ Jr

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the close of the 19th century, the germ theory had generated a new understanding of the causes of acute infectious diseases and revealed new directions for study. This understanding contributed to the greatest improvements in health in the history of medicine. At the end of the 20th century, the second stage of thi...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Ewald PW

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock remains a challenge as we approach the next millennium. Although more attention is being given to guidelines and care pathways for sepsis, these are unfortunately based primarily on consensus opinion. Additional research into supportive interventions in this potentially ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Dellinger RP

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00