Abstract:
:Histoplasmosis is a fungus disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Because of its wide distribution and tendency to be endemic near large cities, it is the most common systemic mycosis in the United States, with an estimated 500,000 new infections per year. Although millions of persons in the United States have been infected with this fungus, few show signs of disease. Histoplasmosis has emerged as an important opportunistic infection in immunocompromised patients, including those with AIDS. This review of histoplasmosis builds upon basic descriptions found in standard texts, incorporating important recent observations.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Wheat LJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-12-01 00:00:00pages
841-59issue
4eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in the hospital and in the community, and it is increasingly resistant to multiple antibiotics. A nonantimicrobial approach to controlling S aureus is needed. The most extensively tested vaccine against S aureus, which is a capsular polysaccharide-based vaccine known as S...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.005
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among several common bacterial pathogens requires that clinical microbiology laboratories have the ability to promptly and accurately recognize resistance in patients' isolates. Laboratories have several options for performing routine susceptibility testing, including the brot...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70390-1
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nature of infections after solid-organ transplantation has changed with increasingly potent immunosuppressive regimens, routine use of antimicrobial prophylaxis, and improved microbiologic diagnostic tools. New pathogens have been identified in this population including many with significant antimicrobial resistan...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2010.01.005
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although only few cases of diphtheria are reported annually in the United States, substantial numbers of adults have declining levels of protective serum antitoxin. A recent outbreak of diphtheria in Sweden emphasizes the importance of reimmunizing adults in diphtheria toxoid, included as part of routine use of tetanu...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infection is a well-described complication of cirrhosis and is a major cause of death in this population. This article examines the types of infections related with cirrhosis, such as bacteremia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and others. ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70150-1
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The unknowns persisting in the understanding of the mode of action of anti-core lipopolysaccharide antibodies are discussed, and a study of two anti-lipid A monoclonal antibodies is reviewed. This article also critically analyzes the results of the recent clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies. ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although antimicrobial stewardship has been shown to improve microbiologic susceptibility patterns, decrease drug toxicities, and lower overall drug costs in the inpatient setting, there are few studies assessing programs in the long-term care (LTC) setting. Implementing antimicrobial stewardship programs in LTC setti...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2014.01.001
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart transplant remain the definitive therapy for end-stage heart failure but is limited by the availability of suitable donors. Ventricular assist devices (VAD) are designed as mechanical pumps to supplement or replace the function of damaged ventricles and maintain appropriate blood flow in patients with end-stage ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2018.07.001
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inoculation of Treponema pallidum during intimate physical contact is followed by development of a papule that rapidly erodes, yielding the syphilitic chancre. Hematogenous dissemination results in secondary syphilis, a multisystem disease characterized by skin rash, lymph node enlargement, hepatitis, arthritis, and c...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) are responsible for significant morbidity, mortality, and excess health care costs. It is increasingly evident that many CRBSI can be prevented with current knowledge and techniques. Preventive measures can be broadly grouped into clinical practice-based interventions an...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2016.07.001
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Traditionally, imaging of renal infections was largely through a multimodality approach. Excretory urography, ultrasonography, nuclear scintigraphy, and CT all played major roles; however, in recent years, CT has increased in prominence in the imaging and evaluation of renal infection. Part of the reason for this tren...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70380-9
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock remains a challenge as we approach the next millennium. Although more attention is being given to guidelines and care pathways for sepsis, these are unfortunately based primarily on consensus opinion. Additional research into supportive interventions in this potentially ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70088-x
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumonia remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised host. The type and timing of immunosuppression will predispose the patient to infections with certain pathogens. This article discusses the types of immunosuppression and their infectious and noninfectious implications. Key points of t...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70210-5
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The most frequent and best-studied agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) is Escherichia coli, which serves as a useful model pathogen for understanding microbial virulence in relation to UTI pathogenesis. The E. coli strains that cause most UTIs and other extraintestinal E. coli infections represent a highly speciali...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(03)00027-8
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-varicella-zoster virus serum antibody assays and their use in vaccine development are described. Of particular interest are FAMA and neutralization assays and the gpELISA. These and other assays are compared and summarized in terms of characteristics including biologic relevance, sensitivity, specificity, and sui...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70311-1
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis. In older adults, it is responsible for an estimated 3.7 million illnesses; 320,000 outpatient visits; 69,000 emergency department visits; 39,000 hospitalizations; and 960 deaths annually in the United States. Older adults are particularly at risk for severe outc...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.012
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although a small number of infections in total joint replacements are blood borne from distant sources, most infections appear to have been derived at operation. Strenuous attempts to reduce this risk by cleaning the air in the wound environment, coupled with prophylactic antibiotics, have reduced infection rates by a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Successful antimicrobial stewardship programs rely on engagement with hospital administrators. Antimicrobial stewards should understand the unique pressures and demands of hospital and health system administration and be familiar with key terminology and regulatory requirements. This article provides guidance on strat...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2019.10.003
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the changing epidemiology of infections associated with injection drug use, perceived barriers to care, features of successful programs for outpatient antimicrobial treatment, models of shared decision making at the time of discharge, and linkage to preventative care after antimicrobial completion...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2020.06.009
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Urinary tract infections are common during infancy and childhood but are easily overlooked because of the unspecific symptoms. Prevention of renal scarring and its potential long-term consequences is possible but requires an increased awareness of the diagnosis, the imaging revealing anomalies within the urinary tract...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70370-6
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract illness caused by viral infection in children 2 years of age and younger, frequently associated with wheezing on physical examination. It is a common cause of hospitalization, particularly in patients with risk factors for more serious disease. The diagnosis can be made based...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2017.10.002
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid rate of increase in reported cases of Lyme disease exceeds that of any zoonotic disease, and the annual occurrence of cases is greater than the sum of all other tick-borne illnesses in the United States. This, in addition to the geographic spread of cases to most of the United States, has greatly heightened ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Renal transplant recipients continue to have progressive kidney dysfunction and renal graft loss has been attributed to emerging opportunistic infections, specifically BK virus (BKV). BKV is postulated to be selected by the new potent immunosuppressive medications and to be an important factor in graft failure. The pr...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2013.02.002
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article establishes the pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic parameters that are important when considering the intracellular activity of antibiotics. Generally speaking, the main classes of antibiotics seem to share globally the same properties against extracellular and intracellular organisms. The specific cellular ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(03)00066-7
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with hematologic malignancy or those who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation experience variable degrees of immunosuppression, dependent on underlying disease, therapy received, time since transplant, and complications, such as graft-versus-host disease. Vaccination is an important strategy to mit...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.007
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although infective endocarditis is certainly not the most common infection seen in injecting drug users, it is the infection that clinicians most commonly think of when they consider infectious complications of injected drug use. The microbiology of infective endocarditis in injection drug users has remained relativel...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(02)00019-3
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes that occur in the pharmacology of drugs in the elderly must be considered in the use of antimicrobial agents. Although absorption of orally administered drugs is not affected in a significant way, renal function decreases, drug-drug interactions increase, compliance with regimens may be decreased, and drug tox...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70252-x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the close of the 19th century, the germ theory had generated a new understanding of the causes of acute infectious diseases and revealed new directions for study. This understanding contributed to the greatest improvements in health in the history of medicine. At the end of the 20th century, the second stage of thi...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00099-0
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The approach to neurologic diagnosis and management of HIV-infected and AIDS patients follows that used in general neurologic practice but takes into account the altered probabilities of differential diagnosis in this group of patients. Clinical and neurodiagnostic evaluations, when pursued with a background understan...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immune dysregulation and immunosuppression regimens impact on the ability of transplant recipients to respond to immunizations. The distinct challenges of immunizations to benefit stem cell transplant recipients and solid organ transplant recipients are discussed separately. Recommended vaccines for stem cell transpla...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70279-8
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00