Abstract:
:Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, especially in women. Low-dose daily or postcoital antimicrobial prophylaxis is effective for prevention of recurrent UTIs and women can self-diagnose and self-treat a new UTI with antibiotics. The increasing resistance rates of Escherichia coli to antimicrobial agents has, however, stimulated interest in nonantibiotic methods for the prevention of UTIs. This article reviews the literature on efficacy of different forms of nonantibiotic prophylaxis. Future studies with lactobacilli strains (oral and vaginal) and the oral immunostimulant OM-89 are warranted.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Geerlings SE,Beerepoot MA,Prins JMdoi
10.1016/j.idc.2013.10.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-03-01 00:00:00pages
135-47issue
1eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824pii
S0891-5520(13)00079-2journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We have proposed a model in which the initiation of human parturition in the presence of infection is controlled by the host. Systemic maternal infections such as pyelonephritis or localized infections such as deciduitis can trigger parturition by the activation of the monocyte and macrophage system in peripheral bloo...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
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doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70347-0
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abstract::HTLV-1 infection is endemic in several Latin American countries. HTLV-1-associated myelophathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) and adult T-cell leukemia lymphoma (ATLL) are emerging diseases in the region. Documented risk factors for acquiring the virus include breast-feeding, contaminated blood transfusion, an...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
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doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70225-7
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abstract::Infection is a well-described complication of cirrhosis and is a major cause of death in this population. This article examines the types of infections related with cirrhosis, such as bacteremia, urinary tract infections, meningitis, and others. ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70150-1
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the heart of imminent healthcare reform are the future physicians of this decade. Medical educators will want to stimulate a desire within students to practice humanitarian, cost-effective, community-oriented primary care. Further studies to examine the effects of medical student experiences in international electi...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cytomegalovirus (CMV) may no longer be the menace that plagues stem cell transplant outcomes, owing to marked improvements in transplantation techniques and methods of prophylaxis. However, it still remains a common and morbid problem for recipients of stem cell transplant and patients with certain hematologic maligna...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes that occur in the pharmacology of drugs in the elderly must be considered in the use of antimicrobial agents. Although absorption of orally administered drugs is not affected in a significant way, renal function decreases, drug-drug interactions increase, compliance with regimens may be decreased, and drug tox...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
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更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with hematologic malignancy or those who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation experience variable degrees of immunosuppression, dependent on underlying disease, therapy received, time since transplant, and complications, such as graft-versus-host disease. Vaccination is an important strategy to mit...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.007
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fulminant meningitis requires aggressive management in an intensive care unit setting. The pathophysiology of the various factors that damage the central nervous system in this disease have been reviewed, as well as the management of the many complications of this serious, often devastating, infection. The etiologic a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article focuses on the use of immunoglobulin variable regions, including Id, anti-Id, anticlonotypes, and Id engineering as putative vaccines and vaccine strategies for infectious diseases; and specific discussion of Id systems involving antigenic determinants associated with potentially pathogenic organisms. ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70041-6
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The urinary tract undergoes profound physiologic and anatomic changes during pregnancy that facilitate the development of symptomatic urinary tract infections in women with bacteriuria. While the adverse effects of asymptomatic bacteriuria on maternal and fetal health continue to be debated, it is clear that asymptoma...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the beginning of the epidemic, extensive research has been conducted in the field of HIV infection. Original research and subsequent meta-analyses have contributed to a better understanding of the disease. Epidemiologic research has shown, for example, that male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male tr...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2009.01.013
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in the hospital and in the community, and it is increasingly resistant to multiple antibiotics. A nonantimicrobial approach to controlling S aureus is needed. The most extensively tested vaccine against S aureus, which is a capsular polysaccharide-based vaccine known as S...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.10.005
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lyme disease affects the nervous system in about 10% to 15% of infected individuals, most commonly causing lymphocytic meningitis. Cranial neuropathies, particularly facial nerve palsy, also occur frequently. Figuring prominently in the European literature, but less emphasized in the United States, is painful radiculi...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.12.009
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the advent of second-generation agents that for the first time specifically target individual HCV proteins, HCV-specific therapy has arrived. The study of HCV molecular virology has helped make this possible and is helping us to identify additional new antiviral targets that will be targeted by third-generation d...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2006.01.001
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this article, gynecologic conditions of increased importance in the HIV-infected woman are discussed. Women living with HIV may have an increase in menstrual disorders, lower genital tract neoplasias, gynecologic surgery, and sexually transmitted infections. The literature relevant to choosing a method of contracep...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.05.006
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the result of a formidable effort, the recent TB epidemic in the United States has abated; however, major questions remain as the risk of TB diminishes. Will we maintain an adequate public health effort not only to prevent another resurgence of TB but also to renew our pursuit of TB elimination? Do we have the will...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70200-2
更新日期:1998-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial stewardship programs aim to monitor, improve, and measure responsible antibiotic use. The intensive care unit (ICU), with its critically ill patients and prevalence of multiple drug-resistant pathogens, presents unique challenges. This article reviews approaches to stewardship with application to the ICU...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2017.05.002
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antiretroviral management of treatment-naive patients begins with the decision of when to start treatment. Current treatment guidelines suggest starting therapy in anyone with AIDS, HIV-related symptoms, or a CD4 cell count less than 200/mm3 regardless of symptoms. Starting treatment in asymptomatic patients with CD4 ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2007.01.002
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amebiasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by Entamoeba histolytica. This protozoan organism is the third leading parasitic cause of death in the developing world and is an important health risk to travelers in endemic areas. Amebiasis most commonly results in asymptomatic colonization of the gastrointestinal ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70121-5
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella is a common cause of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia. New information on the pathogenesis of infection and the host immune response is reviewed. Specialized laboratory tests, especially culture, are necessary for diagnosis since the clinical presentation is nonspecific. New antimicrobial agents a...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::HA-1A is a human monoclonal IgM antibody that binds to endotoxin. The results of the clinical trials of HA-1A demonstrate that HA-1A reduces mortality among patients with sepsis and gram-negative bacteremia. Secondary endpoints, including resolution of organ failure, discharge from intensive care unit, and discharge f...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An ever-increasing population of immunocompromised individuals, including not only the burgeoning AIDS population but also those patients whose host defenses have been damaged by a wide variety of diseases and their therapies, requires prophylaxis against infectious diseases. Existing vaccines can provide some benefit...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article discusses two tick-borne illnesses: Powassan encephalitis, a rare cause of central nervous system infection caused by the Powassan virus, and Colorado tick fever, an acute febrile illness caused by the Colorado tick fever virus common to the Rocky Mountain region of North America. ...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.idc.2008.03.001
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abstract::Viral hepatitis is a major global public health problem affecting hundreds of millions of people and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Five major biologically unrelated hepatotropic viruses cause most of the global burden of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are associated with a signi...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus, and HIV has been documented. The risk for occupationally transmitted infection varies for these three viruses. Despite effective pre- and postexposure prophylaxis for HBV and recent recommendations for postexposure chemoprophylaxis after an HIV e...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70359-7
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Erythema migrans (EM) is the most common objective manifestation of Borrelia burgdorferi infection. Systemic symptoms are usually present. Most patients do not recall a preceding tick bite. Despite a characteristic appearance, EM is not pathognomonic for Lyme disease and must be distinguished from other similar appear...
journal_title:Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00