Mass gatherings and infectious diseases: prevention, detection, and control.

abstract：:In the preantibiotic era, deep fascial space infections were common, and physicians were well acquainted with their complex and sometimes subtle manifestations. Widespread use of antibiotics, however, not only has significantly decreased the incidence of deep neck infections but also has altered their clinical manifes...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Blomquist IK,Bayer AS

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reactive arthritis is classified as a spondyloarthropathy. Current concepts of disease suggest an infectious trigger, followed by inflammatory arthritis. Several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the interaction of host susceptibility and microorganism. Diagnosis relies on a compatible clinical syndrome and mic...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Schmitt SK

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis. In older adults, it is responsible for an estimated 3.7 million illnesses; 320,000 outpatient visits; 69,000 emergency department visits; 39,000 hospitalizations; and 960 deaths annually in the United States. Older adults are particularly at risk for severe outc...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cardemil CV,Parashar UD,Hall AJ

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:AIDS is characteristically associated with several intracellular enteric protozoan infections that often cause chronic and sometimes fatal intractable large-volume diarrhea. Until the AIDS epidemic, several of these parasitic infections were almost unknown as causes of human disease. This article reviews the diseases ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Wittner M,Tanowitz HB,Weiss LM

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is an important pathogen in the hospital and in the community, and it is increasingly resistant to multiple antibiotics. A nonantimicrobial approach to controlling S aureus is needed. The most extensively tested vaccine against S aureus, which is a capsular polysaccharide-based vaccine known as S...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Schaffer AC,Lee JC

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The most frequent and best-studied agent of urinary tract infection (UTI) is Escherichia coli, which serves as a useful model pathogen for understanding microbial virulence in relation to UTI pathogenesis. The E. coli strains that cause most UTIs and other extraintestinal E. coli infections represent a highly speciali...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Johnson JR

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have proposed a model in which the initiation of human parturition in the presence of infection is controlled by the host. Systemic maternal infections such as pyelonephritis or localized infections such as deciduitis can trigger parturition by the activation of the monocyte and macrophage system in peripheral bloo...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Gomez R,Romero R,Edwin SS,David C

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HIV and tropical infections affect each other mutually. HIV infection may alter the natural history of tropical infectious diseases, impede rapid diagnosis, or reduce the efficacy of antiparasitic treatment. Tropical infections may facilitate the transmission of HIV and accelerate progression from asymptomatic HIV inf...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Harms G,Feldmeier H

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections accompanying severe pancreatitis are secondary and of three types: infected pancreatic necrosis, infected pseudocyst (including peripancreatic fluid collection), and pancreatic abscess. The first is an earlier, more morbid process, with antibiotics supportive and surgical debridement necessary. The latter t...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Traverso LW

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of bacteremia and endocarditis. Over the past several years, the frequency of S. aureus bacteremia (SAB) has increased dramatically. This increasing frequency, coupled with increasing rates of antibiotic resistance, has renewed interest in this serious, common infection. S. aur...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Petti CA,Fowler VG Jr

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although antibiotic therapy is the mainstay of therapy for gram-negative bacillary bacteremia, the amelioration of the underlying conditions, the correction of predisposing factors, the drainage of abscesses, the removal of infected foreign bodies, and adequate supportive care are also of paramount importance for curi...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Calandra T,Cometta A

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Serum protein binding of antimicrobials can reduce antimicrobial activity, restrict tissue distribution, and delay drug elimination. Binding percentages of 80 per cent or more have the potential to significantly reduce free drug levels and affect therapeutic efficacy in patients. However, binding-induced alterations i...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Craig WA,Ebert SC

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Latin America, acute gastroenteritis remains to be an important cause of morbidity in adults and a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children. A child under 5 years of age belonging to a low income segment of the Latin American population will develop 5 to 10 bouts of diarrhea every year. The bacterial and ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Prado V,O'Ryan ML

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of species that comprise the family of Bartonellaceae, genus Bartonella, has recently increased from one to 11 species, five of which have been associated with different diseases and syndromes in humans. The rapidly growing number of human pathogens has led several investigators to regard bartonellosis and ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Maguiña C,Gotuzzo E

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The diagnostic approach to the compromised host with CNS infection depends on an analysis of the patient's clinical manifestations of CNS disease, the acuteness or subacuteness of the clinical presentation, and an analysis of the type of immune defect compromising the patient's host defenses. Most patients with CNS in...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Cunha BA

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antiretroviral management of treatment-naive patients begins with the decision of when to start treatment. Current treatment guidelines suggest starting therapy in anyone with AIDS, HIV-related symptoms, or a CD4 cell count less than 200/mm3 regardless of symptoms. Starting treatment in asymptomatic patients with CD4 ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Gulick RM

更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vancomycin and daptomycin are options for the initial treatment of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteremia. Treatment options for persistent MRSA bacteremia or bacteremia due to vancomycin-intermediate or vancomycin-resistant strains include daptomycin, ceftaroline, and combination ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Holubar M,Meng L,Alegria W,Deresinski S

更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Compromised travelers represent a diverse and challenging group of individuals. They include HIV-infected patients who are at risk for potentially adverse reactions to immunizations, and new exposures to enteric water-borne opportunistic pathogens associated with chronic infections. Such travelers may encounter unfami...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Mileno MD,Bia FJ

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An increasing number of HIV-infected patients will require surgical therapy. The methods of diagnosis and therapeutic planning for HIV-infected patients are the same as for all other patients. Surgery should be advised if an operation is likely to have a positive effect on the patient's life. Most patients with AIDS w...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Macho JR,Schecter WP

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tyrosine kinase inhibitors represent the standard of care for several diseases and drug targets in hematologic malignancies. Infectious complications vary by disease status and prior therapy, but overall incidence of infections generally is low. In chronic diseases, such as chronic myeloid leukemia and chronic lymphoc...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Kin A,Schiffer CA

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In healthy adults and children in developed countries, most foodborne and water-borne infections are short-lived and resolve without specific treatment. In developing areas, these infections may produce acute mortality and chronic morbidity caused by developmental impairment. Immune-compromised hosts are at increased ...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Steiner T

更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Viral hepatitis is a major global public health problem affecting hundreds of millions of people and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Five major biologically unrelated hepatotropic viruses cause most of the global burden of viral hepatitis. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C are associated with a signi...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Lanini S,Ustianowski A,Pisapia R,Zumla A,Ippolito G

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Septic shock is a common life-threatening problem, usually presenting with fever, tachycardia, tachypnea, and often a source of infection. The cardiac index is increased, with a decreased systemic vascular resistance, and a reversibly decreased ejection fraction with an increased end diastolic volume. The myocardial d...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Toney JF,Parker MM

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bronchiolitis is a lower respiratory tract illness caused by viral infection in children 2 years of age and younger, frequently associated with wheezing on physical examination. It is a common cause of hospitalization, particularly in patients with risk factors for more serious disease. The diagnosis can be made based...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Kyler KE,McCulloh RJ

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Critical-care units can be barometers for appropriate antimicrobial use. There, life and death hang on empirical antimicrobial therapy for treatment of infectious diseases. With increasing therapeutic empiricism, triple-drug, broad-spectrum regimens are often necessary, but cannot be continued without fear of the doub...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Owens RC Jr

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive candidiasis is a collective term that refers to a group of infectious syndromes caused by a variety of species of Candida, 5 of which cause most cases. Candidemia is the most commonly recognized syndrome associated with invasive candidiasis. Certain conditions may influence the likelihood for one species vers...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： McCarty TP,Pappas PG

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Histoplasmosis is a fungus disease of nearly worldwide distribution. Because of its wide distribution and tendency to be endemic near large cities, it is the most common systemic mycosis in the United States, with an estimated 500,000 new infections per year. Although millions of persons in the United States have been...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Wheat LJ

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Improvements in donor selection, testing of donors for markers of infection, and viral inactivation of plasma-derived products have helped reduce the risk of transfusion-associated infections, including hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), and human immunodeficiency viruses (HIV). The potential for transmission of em...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Chamberland M,Khabbaz RF

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes that occur in the pharmacology of drugs in the elderly must be considered in the use of antimicrobial agents. Although absorption of orally administered drugs is not affected in a significant way, renal function decreases, drug-drug interactions increase, compliance with regimens may be decreased, and drug tox...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Stalam M,Kaye D

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since the beginning of the epidemic, extensive research has been conducted in the field of HIV infection. Original research and subsequent meta-analyses have contributed to a better understanding of the disease. Epidemiologic research has shown, for example, that male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male tr...

journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America

authors： Vergidis PI,Falagas ME,Hamer DH

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00