Abstract：
:Pulmonary or extrapulmonary tuberculosis occurs in 5 to 35 per cent of AIDS patients, frequently precedes the diagnosis of AIDS, and is increasing in incidence. Clinically, AIDS-associated tuberculosis is similar in presentation to progressive, primary tuberculosis and can be treated effectively with standard antituberculous therapy. Disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection, one of the most common AIDS-related opportunistic infections, is best diagnosed by special mycobacterial blood culture techniques. The relationship between MAC infection and constitutional symptoms as well as the value of antimycobacterial therapy for disseminated MAC is controversial.
journal_name
Infect Dis Clin North Amjournal_title
Infectious disease clinics of North Americaauthors
Jacobson MAsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-06-01 00:00:00pages
465-74issue
2eissn
0891-5520issn
1557-9824journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:CSF evaluation is the single most important aspect of the laboratory diagnosis of meningitis. Analysis of the CSF abnormalities produced by bacterial, mycobacterial, and fungal infections may greatly facilitate diagnosis and direct initial therapy. Basic studies of CSF that should be performed in all patients with men...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An overview of the mechanism of action, dosing, clinical indications, and toxicities of the glycopeptide vancomycin is provided. Emerging gram-positive bacterial resistance to antimicrobials and its mechanisms are reviewed. Strategies to control emergence of resistance are proposed. Newer antimicrobial agents with act...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2004.04.014
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A small number of bacterial agents, including enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), Shigella and Vibrio cholerae 01 and one virus, rotavirus, combine to cause a major proportion of the diarrheal illness of public health importance worldwide. Salmonella typhi is by far the major caus...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Norovirus is the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis. In older adults, it is responsible for an estimated 3.7 million illnesses; 320,000 outpatient visits; 69,000 emergency department visits; 39,000 hospitalizations; and 960 deaths annually in the United States. Older adults are particularly at risk for severe outc...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2017.07.012
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with hematologic malignancy or those who undergo hematopoietic stem cell transplantation experience variable degrees of immunosuppression, dependent on underlying disease, therapy received, time since transplant, and complications, such as graft-versus-host disease. Vaccination is an important strategy to mit...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2019.02.007
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The viral hemorrhagic fever (VHF) syndrome is a potentially life-threatening infection typified by a combination of a capillary leak syndrome and bleeding diathesis. Most but not all agents causing VHF are arboviruses, with transmission to humans resulting from an arthropod bite. Agents of VHF affect humans on all con...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2012.02.003
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a deadly zoonotic disease caused by the Ebola virus. There is no specific treatment approved for EVD. Supportive care and management of complications are mainstays of treatment. Effective outbreak control requires a multidisciplinary team effort applying case management, infection preventi...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2019.08.005
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Legionella is a common cause of community- and hospital-acquired pneumonia. New information on the pathogenesis of infection and the host immune response is reviewed. Specialized laboratory tests, especially culture, are necessary for diagnosis since the clinical presentation is nonspecific. New antimicrobial agents a...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The desideratum of "appropriate" antibiotic therapy include efficacy, safety, and low cost. Strategies for achieving these goals include education, control of the hospital formulary, written justification forms and automatic stop orders, ongoing utilization review, restriction, required consultation, control of labora...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The unknowns persisting in the understanding of the mode of action of anti-core lipopolysaccharide antibodies are discussed, and a study of two anti-lipid A monoclonal antibodies is reviewed. This article also critically analyzes the results of the recent clinical trials with monoclonal antibodies. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Critical-care units can be barometers for appropriate antimicrobial use. There, life and death hang on empirical antimicrobial therapy for treatment of infectious diseases. With increasing therapeutic empiricism, triple-drug, broad-spectrum regimens are often necessary, but cannot be continued without fear of the doub...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2009.04.015
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A wide range of soft-tissue infections can occur in diabetic patients, the consequences of which can be devastating. Early recognition and intervention, which may involve both surgical and medical approaches, can improve clinical outcomes. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Immune dysregulation and immunosuppression regimens impact on the ability of transplant recipients to respond to immunizations. The distinct challenges of immunizations to benefit stem cell transplant recipients and solid organ transplant recipients are discussed separately. Recommended vaccines for stem cell transpla...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70279-8
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article summarizes the epidemiologic evidence linking Mycoplasma genitalium to sexually transmitted disease syndromes, including male urethritis, and female cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and adverse birth outcomes. It discusses the relationship of this bacterium to human immunodeficiency v...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2013.08.003
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents a discussion of the management of vascular prosthetic infections. The emphasis is on aortic graft infections, but other peripheral graft infections are also discussed. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a small number of infections in total joint replacements are blood borne from distant sources, most infections appear to have been derived at operation. Strenuous attempts to reduce this risk by cleaning the air in the wound environment, coupled with prophylactic antibiotics, have reduced infection rates by a...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The emergence of antimicrobial resistance among several common bacterial pathogens requires that clinical microbiology laboratories have the ability to promptly and accurately recognize resistance in patients' isolates. Laboratories have several options for performing routine susceptibility testing, including the brot...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70390-1
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mold infections carry a substantial clinical and economic burden in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients with a high overall mortality of near 30%. The most important pathogens include Aspergillus, the Zygomycetes, Fusarium, Scedosporium/Pseudallescheria, and the dematiaceous (dark) molds. Risk factors for the infe...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2018.04.006
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of characteristic clinical, serologic, and immunologic responses to primary HIV infection has contributed greatly to our understanding of the natural history of HIV infection. Subjects usually present with a mononucleosis-like illness and during the period of primary infection there is a characteris...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:AIDS is characteristically associated with several intracellular enteric protozoan infections that often cause chronic and sometimes fatal intractable large-volume diarrhea. Until the AIDS epidemic, several of these parasitic infections were almost unknown as causes of human disease. This article reviews the diseases ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rapid rate of increase in reported cases of Lyme disease exceeds that of any zoonotic disease, and the annual occurrence of cases is greater than the sum of all other tick-borne illnesses in the United States. This, in addition to the geographic spread of cases to most of the United States, has greatly heightened ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vaccination usually means the immunization of persons or animals against foreign infectious organisms for disease prevention. However, it has now been demonstrated that immunization against certain self substances to which tolerance normally exists can elicit beneficial effects to humans and other animals without indu...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the close of the 19th century, the germ theory had generated a new understanding of the causes of acute infectious diseases and revealed new directions for study. This understanding contributed to the greatest improvements in health in the history of medicine. At the end of the 20th century, the second stage of thi...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0891-5520(03)00099-0
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the beginning of the epidemic, extensive research has been conducted in the field of HIV infection. Original research and subsequent meta-analyses have contributed to a better understanding of the disease. Epidemiologic research has shown, for example, that male circumcision reduces the risk of female-to-male tr...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.idc.2009.01.013
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article focuses on the use of immunoglobulin variable regions, including Id, anti-Id, anticlonotypes, and Id engineering as putative vaccines and vaccine strategies for infectious diseases; and specific discussion of Id systems involving antigenic determinants associated with potentially pathogenic organisms. ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70041-6
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It appears incontestable that there is a link between genital ulcer disease and HIV infection. On the one hand the natural history and response to therapy of syphilis, HSV-2, and chancroid are all modified by the immunosuppressive effects of HIV infection. On the other hand, HIV transmission is probably facilitated by...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The urinary tract undergoes profound physiologic and anatomic changes during pregnancy that facilitate the development of symptomatic urinary tract infections in women with bacteriuria. While the adverse effects of asymptomatic bacteriuria on maternal and fetal health continue to be debated, it is clear that asymptoma...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anti-varicella-zoster virus serum antibody assays and their use in vaccine development are described. Of particular interest are FAMA and neutralization assays and the gpELISA. These and other assays are compared and summarized in terms of characteristics including biologic relevance, sensitivity, specificity, and sui...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70311-1
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opportunistic ocular infections are a common and important complication of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Cytomegalovirus retinitis is by far the most frequent infection, but other viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections of the posterior segment of the eye may be seen. Infections of the anterior segment ar...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) results in progressive loss of immune function marked by depletion of the CD4+ T-lymphocytes, leading to opportunistic infections and malignancies characteristic of AIDS. Although both host and viral determinants influence the rate of disease progression, ...
journal_title：Infectious disease clinics of North America
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0891-5520(05)70135-5
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
