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A Lysine Residue Essential for Geminivirus Replication Also Controls Nuclear Localization of the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Rep Protein.

Abstract：

:Geminiviruses are single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) viruses that infect a wide range of plants. To promote viral replication, geminiviruses manipulate the host cell cycle. The viral protein Rep is essential to reprogram the cell cycle and then initiate viral DNA replication by interacting with a plethora of nuclear host factors. Even though many protein domains of Rep have been characterized, little is known about its nuclear targeting. Here, we show that one conserved lysine in the N-terminal part of Rep is pivotal for nuclear localization of the Rep protein from Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), with two other lysines also contributing to its nuclear import. Previous work had identified that these residues are essential for Rep from Tomato golden mosaic virus (TGMV) to interact with the E2 SUMO-conjugating enzyme (SCE1). We here show that mutating these lysines leads to nuclear exclusion of TYLCV Rep without compromising its interaction with SCE1. Moreover, the ability of TYLCV Rep to promote viral DNA replication also depends on this highly conserved lysine independently of its role in nuclear import of Rep. Our data thus reveal that this lysine potentially has a broad role in geminivirus replication, but its role in nuclear import and SCE1 binding differs depending on the Rep protein examined.IMPORTANCE Nuclear activity of the replication initiator protein (Rep) of geminiviruses is essential for viral replication. We now define that one highly conserved lysine is important for nuclear import of Rep from three different begomoviruses. To our knowledge, this is the first time that nuclear localization has been mapped for any geminiviral Rep protein. Our data add another key function to this lysine residue, besides its roles in viral DNA replication and interaction with host factors, such as the SUMO E2-conjugating enzyme.

journal_name

J Virol

journal_title

Journal of virology

authors

Maio F,Arroyo-Mateos M,Bobay BG,Bejarano ER,Prins M,van den Burg HA

doi

10.1128/JVI.01910-18

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-05-01 00:00:00

issue

eissn

0022-538X

issn

1098-5514

pii

JVI.01910-18

journal_volume

pub_type

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A Lysine Residue Essential for Geminivirus Replication Also Controls Nuclear Localization of the Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus Rep Protein.