Altered uptake of metronidazole in vitro by stocks of Giardia intestinalis with different drug sensitivities.

abstract：:Evaluating the performance of well child clinics on adherence to recommended perinatal hepatitis B prevention programmes as well as assessing the outcome of infants living with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive parents is important. A retrospective study was performed of 336 babies who had at least one HBsA...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Polat S,Camurdan AD,Aksakal N,Agladioglu S,Beyazova U,Sahin F,Atak A,Er A

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review discusses three inter-related topics: (1) the immaturity of the neonatal and infant immune response; (2) heterologous immunity, where prior infection history with unrelated pathogens alters disease outcome resulting in either enhanced protective immunity or increased immunopathology to new infections, and ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Gil A,Kenney LL,Mishra R,Watkin LB,Aslan N,Selin LK

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lymphatic filariasis (LF) caused by Wuchereria bancrofti is widely prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries. Night blood film examination is most commonly used for diagnosis of filariasis but is cumbersome and labour intensive. In order to develop an indirect ELISA-based immunodiagnostic test, the importance of...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Singh A,Kamal S,Rathaur S

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lysophospholipid analogues (LPAs) comprise a class of metabolically stable compounds that have been developed as anticancer agents for over two decades, but which have also potent and selective antiparasitic activity, particularly against trypanosomatid parasites such as Leishmania and Trypanosoma cruzi, both in vitro...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Urbina JA

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neither high theoretical efficacy of disease control tools, nor diagnostic accuracy, nor good compliance, nor adequate coverage can lead on its own to the final goal of community effectiveness. There is a complex relationship between these factors. The different steps in the process leading to effective health care in...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Tanner M,Lengeler C,Lorenz N

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A survey was conducted for serum neutralizing antibodies against 3 members of the Lyssavirus group (rabies, Lagos bat and Mokola viruses) in Nigerian dogs and humans. Of 463 unvaccinated dogs sampled, 142 (30.7%) had antibodies against rabies; 39.2% of the stray dogs were positive. Of 241 dogs tested, 17.4% had antibo...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ogunkoya AB,Beran GW,Umoh JU,Gomwalk NE,Abdulkadir IA

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed health system weaknesses of economically wealthy countries with advanced technologies. COVID-19 is now moving fast across Africa where small outbreaks have been reported so far. There is a concern that with the winter transmission will grow rapidly. Despite efforts of African Governme...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Vilakati PN,Villa S,Alagna R,Khumalo B,Tshuma S,Quaresima V,Nieman NR,Cirillo DM,Raviglione MC

更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The emerging virus strain termed highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza (HP-H5N1) has spread widely in the past decade and is now the focus of considerable concern in several sectors. We tested the hypothesis that spatial distributions of veterinary and human HP-H5N1 cases are related to coarse-scale environmental fea...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Williams RA,Fasina FO,Peterson AT

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Severe anaemia in pregnancy is an important preventable cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Different methods of screening for severe anaemia in pregnancy were evaluated in a 2-phased study conducted in Kilifi, Kenya. In phase 1 (in 1994/95), pallor testing was evaluated alone and in addition to r...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Shulman CE,Levene M,Morison L,Dorman E,Peshu N,Marsh K

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Characterization of the epidemiology of Escherichia coli bloodstream infection (BSI) in sub-Saharan Africa is lacking. We studied patients with E. coli BSI in northern Tanzania to describe host risk factors for infection and to describe the antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates. METHODS:Within 24 h of ad...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Madut DB,Rubach MP,Kalengo N,Carugati M,Maze MJ,Morrissey AB,Mmbaga BT,Lwezaula BF,Kilonzo KG,Maro VP,Crump JA

更新日期：2020-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Quinolones are broad-spectrum antibiotics, which are used for the treatment of different infectious diseases associated with Enterobacteriaceae. During recent decades, the wide use as well as overuse of quinolones against diverse infections has led to the emergence of quinolone-resistant bacterial strains. H...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Azargun R,Gholizadeh P,Sadeghi V,Hosainzadegan H,Tarhriz V,Memar MY,Pormohammad A,Eyvazi S

更新日期：2020-10-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Roots of Pseudocedrela kotschyi are commonly used as chewing sticks in West Africa. This study examined the effects of the plant extract on the in-vitro growth of Plasmodium falciparum. Ring-stage synchronised cultures of the malaria parasite were exposed to 30 and 60 microg/ml of P. kotschyi extract for 51 h. Aliquot...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Kassim OO,Loyevsky M,Amonoo H,Lashley L,Ako-Nai KA,Gordeuk VR

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To investigate the spatial distribution of congenital syphilis (CS) and its association to social vulnerability indexes in northeast Brazil. METHODS:This was an ecological study referring to all cases of CS and CS deaths recorded in the northeast region of Brazil from 2008 to 2015. Data were obtained from t...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： de Souza CDF,Machado MF,Correia DS,do Carmo RF,Cuevas LE,Santos VS

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anthropometric measurements were made and serum iron and ferritin levels determined in a group of Gambian children at the beginning of the rainy season and these findings were related to the malaria experience of the children during the following malaria transmission season. Susceptibility to malaria was not correlate...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Snow RW,Byass P,Shenton FC,Greenwood BM

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of levamisole, isoprinosine and Corynebacterium parvum on Trypanosoma cruzi (Y strain) experimental infection of mice were studied. In prophylactic treatment these drugs reduced the peak of parasitaemia, and had no apparent effect on mortality rate or on histopathological and electrocardiographic findings....

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Abath FG,Coutinho EM,Montenegro SM,Gomes YM,Carvalho AB

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) allows sensitive detection of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G against a soluble extract of Strongyloides stercoralis infective larvae. In this study, 40/40 (100%) human strongyloidiasis sera had high levels of anti-S. stercoralis IgG, but 30/40 (75%) filariasis sera, and ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Conway DJ,Atkins NS,Lillywhite JE,Bailey JW,Robinson RD,Lindo JF,Bundy DA,Bianco AE

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of prior injections on the pattern and severity of paralytic poliomyelitis has been examined by a retrospective analysis of case notes from an outpatient pediatric clinic in South India. Of 262 children with acute polio, 176 had received unnecessary injections < 48 h before paralysis and 12 had received dip...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Wyatt HV,Mahadevan S,Srinivasan S

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human milk was shown to inhibit adherence of Giardia at concentrations as low as 0.5%. Unsaturated fatty acids were also found to cause significant inhibitory effects on adherence, with ED50 values less than 1 microM for arachidonic, linoleic and palmitic acids. A variety of infant feeding formulae derived from cow's ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Crouch AA,Seow WK,Whitman LM,Thong YH

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Promotion of breastfeeding is a key component of infant health policies globally. However, maternal HIV infection is a possible contraindication for breastfeeding since it can result in mother-to-child transmission. Research into infant-feeding strategies which will promote the health of all infants but also protect a...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Filteau S

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six villages in Lofa County, north-west Liberia, and one near the coast were surveyed for the presence of indirect fluorescent antibodies (IFA) to Lassa virus (LV). Prevalences were similar among males and females, and among various age groups. The prevalence of IFA positive sera, 6.4%, in two roadside villages was si...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Yalley-Ogunro JE,Frame JD,Hanson AP

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epilepsy is a major health problem worldwide, and neurocysticercosis (NCC) is one of the important causes of epilepsy in the tropics. The present study was carried out in a rural pig farming community of north India to estimate the prevalence of NCC in patients with active epilepsy (AE) and to determine the associated...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Prasad KN,Prasad A,Gupta RK,Nath K,Pradhan S,Tripathi M,Pandey CM

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trachoma surveys were conducted at baseline in five districts of Amhara National Regional State, Ethiopia (7478 participants in 1096 households) and at 3-year evaluation (5762 participants in 1117 households). Uptake of SAFE was assessed with programme monitoring data and interviews, and children (1-6 years) were swab...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Ngondi J,Gebre T,Shargie EB,Adamu L,Ejigsemahu Y,Teferi T,Zerihun M,Ayele B,Cevallos V,King J,Emerson PM

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arboviruses are maintained and transmitted through an alternating biological cycle in arthropods and vertebrates, with largely incidental disease in humans and animals. As such, they provide excellent examples of One Health, as their health impact is inextricably linked to their vertebrate hosts, their arthropod vecto...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Mackenzie JS,Lindsay MDA,Smith DW,Imrie A

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pyomyositis remains poorly documented in tropical Latin America. We therefore performed a retrospective review of cases admitted to a hospital in the upper Negro river basin during 2002-2006. Seasonality was assessed by the cosinor model and independent predictors of outcome were identified by logistic regression. Det...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Borges AH,Faragher B,Lalloo DG

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The commercial dot-blot enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay Dip-S-Ticks dipstick test was compared with the indirect immunoperoxidase (IIP) and Weil-Felix (WF) tests for the diagnosis of scrub typhus, using the indirect immunofluorescent antibody test (IFA) as the reference standard. With a panel of 117 positive and 75 ...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Pradutkanchana J,Silpapojakul K,Paxton H,Pradutkanchana S,Kelly DJ,Strickman D

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A sensitive and specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on a highly repeated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence (188 bp; SspI repeat) was tested for the detection of Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in blood and urine samples collected during the day from individuals in Coque, Recife, Brazil, an endemic area for W. b...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Lucena WA,Dhalia R,Abath FG,Nicolas L,Regis LN,Furtado AF

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leishmania lainsoni has recently been recognized as a new peripylarian species belonging to the subgenus Viannia and the L. braziliensis complex. It has been isolated from its sandfly vector, reservoir host and cutaneous lesions of human patients. Microscopical examination has shown characteristics which are different...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Eresh S,de Bruijn MH,Mendoza-León JA,Barker DC

更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A man bitten by a large coral snake (Micrurus lemniscatus helleri) in the Amazon basin of Ecuador developed persistent excruciating pain in the bitten arm. On admission to hospital less than 30 min later, he had a polymorphonuclear leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia and mildly prolonged prothrombin time/partial thrombopla...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Manock SR,Suarez G,Graham D,Avila-Aguero ML,Warrell DA

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Defaecation timing of the Triatominae vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi directly affects the transmission probability of Chagas disease to mammal hosts. Experimental studies with fifth instar nymphs of Triatoma infestans showed that defaecation time was negatively affected by blood meal size and positively affected by star...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Trumper EV,Gorla DE

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Measured fever often forms the basis for defining clinical malaria episodes in children from endemic areas. We measured body temperature every 3 h from 08:00 to 20:00 in 69 children aged 1-5 years during the malaria season in a rural area of The Gambia. Body temperature varied on average by more than one degree Celsiu...

journal_title：Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

authors： Schellenberg JR,Greenwood BM,Gomez P,Menendez C,Alonso PL

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00