Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Due to their increased proximity to retinal ganglion cells (RGCs), epiretinal visual prostheses present the opportunity for eliciting phosphenes with low thresholds through direct RGC activation. This study characterised the in vivo performance of a novel prototype monolithic epiretinal prosthesis, containing Nitrogen incorporated ultrananocrystalline (N-UNCD) diamond electrodes. APPROACH:A prototype implant containing up to twenty-five 120 × 120 µm N-UNCD electrodes was implanted into 16 anaesthetised cats and attached to the retina either using a single tack or via magnetic coupling with a suprachoroidally placed magnet. Multiunit responses to retinal stimulation using charge-balanced biphasic current pulses were recorded acutely in the visual cortex using a multichannel planar array. Several stimulus parameters were varied including; the stimulating electrode, stimulus polarity, phase duration, return configuration and the number of electrodes stimulated simultaneously. MAIN RESULTS:The rigid nature of the device and its form factor necessitated complex surgical procedures. Surgeries were considered successful in 10/16 animals and cortical responses to single electrode stimulation obtained in eight animals. Clinical imaging and histological outcomes showed severe retinal trauma caused by the device in situ in many instances. Cortical measures were found to significantly depend on the surgical outcomes of individual experiments, phase duration, return configuration and the number of electrodes stimulated simultaneously, but not stimulus polarity. Cortical thresholds were also found to increase over time within an experiment. SIGNIFICANCE:The study successfully demonstrated that an epiretinal prosthesis containing diamond electrodes could produce cortical activity with high precision, albeit only in a small number of cases. Both surgical approaches were highly challenging in terms of reliable and consistent attachment to and stabilisation against the retina, and often resulted in severe retinal trauma. There are key challenges (device form factor and attachment technique) to be resolved for such a device to progress towards clinical application, as current surgical techniques are unable to address these issues.
journal_name
J Neural Engjournal_title
Journal of neural engineeringauthors
Shivdasani MN,Evans M,Burns O,Yeoh J,Allen PJ,Nayagam DAX,Villalobos J,Abbott CJ,Luu CD,Opie NL,Sabu A,Saunders AL,McPhedran M,Cardamone L,McGowan C,Maxim V,Williams RA,Fox KE,Cicione R,Garrett DJ,Ahnood A,Ganesdoi
10.1088/1741-2552/aba560subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-08-05 00:00:00pages
045014issue
4eissn
1741-2560issn
1741-2552journal_volume
17pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of neural engineering
pub_type: 杂志文章
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