Teaching medical ethics in perinatology.

abstract：:Normal pregnancy produces profound metabolic alterations that occur, in large part, by the conclusion of the first trimester. Although necessary to support the metabolic needs of the conceptus, the metabolic and cardiovascular changes of pregnancy are well established weeks before the metabolic needs of the fetus and ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Carpenter MW

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The specific pathologic processes preceding the onset of irreversible cerebral injury seem to be a combination of several complex mechanisms due to the severity and duration of the insult to the biochemical modifications in the brain. An early diagnosis of the newborn at high risk for brain damage is relevant for prev...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Buonocore G,Perrone S

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article summarizes the commonly used biomarkers currently available for diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis. The most exciting advances in diagnostic tests were the use of new nucleic acid sequencing techniques (eg, next-generation sequencing) and molecular screening methods (eg, proteomics and microarray anal...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Ng PC,Chan KY,Poon TC

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Each year, approximately 2.7 million babies die during the neonatal period; more than 90% of these deaths occur in developing countries, largely from preventable causes. The known, evidence-based, simple, low-cost interventions that may improve neonatal survival often have low or unknown baseline coverage rates. Gaps ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Ehret DY,Patterson JK,Bose CL

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Birth injuries of the brachial plexus are fairly common, but the majority of affected newborns make quick recoveries without any specific intervention. A minority suffer more severe injuries that lead to varying degrees of life-long disability. Happily, modern microsurgical techniques permit reconstruction of certain ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Piatt JH Jr

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human milk provided by healthy and well-nourished mothers is believed to cover the infant's nutrient requirements during the first half year of life. It is composed of a mixture of nutritive components as well as other bioactive factors with relevant physiologic effects in the neonate infant. Human milk composition ha...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Kunz C,Rodriguez-Palmero M,Koletzko B,Jensen R

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are structural abnormalities of the heart and great vessels that are present from birth. The presence or absence of extracardiac anomalies has historically been used to identify patients with possible monogenic, chromosomal, or teratogenic CHD causes. These distinctions remain clinicall...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Cowan JR,Ware SM

更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scientific study of prenatal drug exposure and child outcome began a period of substantial growth in the 1970s with a focus on exposure to opiates. By the mid-1980s, attention shifted to cocaine. Most of this research has involved cohort studies in which groups of children are followed up longitudinally from birth. Si...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Smeriglio VL,Wilcox HC

更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neutropenia, a below normal concentration of neutrophils in the circulating blood, can be the kinetic result of diminished neutrophil production, excessive neutrophil margination, or accelerated neutrophil utilization and destruction. The significance of neutropenia to the well-being of the subject is dependent, in pa...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： al-Mulla ZS,Christensen RD

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antepartum fetal surveillance with Doppler ultrasound of umbilical artery has shown significant diagnostic efficacy in identifying fetal compromise in pregnancies complicated with fetal growth restriction (FGR). Its effectiveness in decreasing perinatal mortality has been shown by randomized clinical trials (Level I e...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Maulik D,Mundy D,Heitmann E,Maulik D

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is an effective strategy to prevent invasive ventilation, failure rates are high and many babies require endotracheal intubation. Prolonged exposure to mechanical ventilation is linked with bronchopulmonary dysplasia and other morbidities. Different techniques of nas...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Waitz M,Mense L,Kirpalani H,Lemyre B

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the increased use of fertility agents and the transfer of multiple embryos, multifetal gestations have increased in number. As the number of fetuses increases, the probability of premature birth and delivery does. The role of multifetal pregnancy reduction and selective termination is reviewed. ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Evans MI,Littmann L,King M,Fletcher JC

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Outcomes of neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) graduates have been categorized by rates of neurodevelopmental impairment at 2 years old. Although useful as metrics for research, these early childhood assessments may underestimate or overestimate later functional capabilities. Often overlooked are less severe but more...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Kilbride HW,Aylward GP,Carter B

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decision-making for extremely immature preterm infants at the margins of viability is ethically, professionally, and emotionally complicated. A standard for prenatal consultation should be developed incorporating assessment of parental decision-making preferences and styles, a communication process involving a recipro...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Haward MF,Kirshenbaum NW,Campbell DE

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prematurity is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the industrial world, occurring in 4% to 9% of all deliveries, a rate that has remained unchanged during the past decades. Despite the relative minority of obstetric patients affected by this problem, prematurity is responsible for approximately ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Mazor M,Chaim W,Maymon E,Hershkowitz R,Romero R

更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex biochemical consequences are the result of a series of secondary biochemical changes caused by oxygen depletion. Hypoxia in the fetus and neonate results in decreased GI blood flow, especially to the GI mucosa. Although severe O2 deprivation cannot be entirely compensated for, an increase in tissue O2 extracti...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Goplerud JM,Delivoria-Papadopoulos M

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A scheme of regionalization is proposed in which a regional perinatal system within a defined geographic area permits access of the high risk mother-fetus and infant to the appropriate level of technology for improved perinatal outcome. ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Merkatz IR,Johnson KG

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital hemiplegia is the most common form of cerebral palsy in children born at term, and stroke is the number one cause. Neonatal ischemic stroke includes perinatal arterial ischemic stroke, presumed pre- or perinatal stroke, and cerebral sinovenous thrombosis, all of which have emerged as important contributors ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Kirton A,deVeber G

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many aspects of the forward propulsion of enteral nutrients are not fully mature in the preterm and term neonate. Because the regulation of motor activity in the gastrointestinal tract is complex and multifaceted, many levels of regulation of this activity are immature in the preterm infant; however, as neonatologists...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Berseth CL

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fetal and neonatal infections can occur at different times during pregnancy, from conception to birth. Infections that take place near the time of conception often destroy the zygote or embryo and only rarely leave definitive evidence. The mother can transmit the infection to her fetus through several routes, but the ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Zeichner SL,Plotkin SA

更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study was undertaken to identify the pathologic processes in premature infants weighing less than 1000 gm who require surgery, and the outcome of such operations. These neonates required surgery for NEC and PDA. Congenital anomalies were not encountered in our series. No increased mortality due to surgery was obs...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Lemon DG,Wesselhoeft CW Jr,DeLuca FG

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) is considered physiologic and is a normal process; whereas, when aerodigestive consequences are associated, it is often interpreted as GER disease (GERD). However, the distinction between them remains a challenge in infants in the NICU. Reflux-type of symptoms are heterogeneous, and often...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Hasenstab KA,Jadcherla SR

更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epitome of FAS and ARBD has been documented substantially in the medical literature. There appears to be little question that alcohol is a teratogen. The precise nature for the mechanism of causing congenital defects, whether it be direct or indirect, is still unknown. There is no unequivocal information that can ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Pietrantoni M,Knuppel RA

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The currently available interventional cardiac procedures in neonates and infants are at various stages of development. We currently dilate neonates and infants with critical valvular pulmonary and aortic stenosis and postoperative aortic obstruction. We do not routinely dilate native coarctation of the aorta because ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Zeevi B,Perry SB,Keane JF,Mandell VS,Lock JE

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article summarizes new information on the natural history of maternal varicella and maternal parvovirus B19. Controversies in the therapy of respiratory syncytial virus are presented. Prophylactic and therapeutic immunotherapy of neonatal enteroviral disease are reviewed. ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Keyserling HL

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preterm births remain a major cause of neonatal morbidity and mortality despite our efforts over the past several decades. Our improved understanding of the complex mechanisms surrounding preterm labor, however, has resulted in the development of numerous biologic and clinical predictors of spontaneous preterm births....

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Lu GC,Goldenberg RL

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen saturation targeting is widely used in neonatal intensive care, but the optimal target range in very preterm infants has been uncertain and is the subject of recent debate and research. This review briefly discusses the technology of oxygen monitoring and the role of oxygen toxicity in preterm infants. The back...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Darlow BA,Morley CJ

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In understanding the various electrolyte disorders associated with respiratory failure, one has to appreciate how the otherwise healthy premature infant maintains extracellular fluid homeostasis. The same physiologic processes that regulate body fluids are affected to varying degrees in the infant with respiratory fai...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Brem AS

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exogenous surfactant therapy has been a significant advance in the management of preterm infants with RDS. It has become established as a standard part of the management of such infants. Both natural and synthetic surfactants lead to clinical improvement and decreased mortality, with natural surfactants having additio...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Suresh GK,Soll RF

更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of the flow-directed pulmonary artery catheter in the early 1970s moved invasive monitoring from the laboratory to the patient's bedside. Its current use in obstetrics is directed toward definition of certain pathophysiologic states unique to pregnancy and toward diagnosis and management of critically ...

journal_title：Clinics in perinatology

authors： Hankins GD

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00