Abstract:
:Prematurity is the leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in the industrial world, occurring in 4% to 9% of all deliveries, a rate that has remained unchanged during the past decades. Despite the relative minority of obstetric patients affected by this problem, prematurity is responsible for approximately 70% to 80% of perinatal morbidity and mortality corrected for congenital anomalies. To date, treatment modalities (tocolysis) that have been applied to patients who have preterm labor (PTL) and preterm premature rupture of membranes have been found to be of limited value in reducing both the rate of prematurity and of perinatal mortality and morbidity. A possible explanation for this failure in prevention of prematurity can be attributed to the poor understanding of the mechanisms of parturition in general and the pathophysiology of PTL in particular.
journal_name
Clin Perinatoljournal_title
Clinics in perinatologyauthors
Mazor M,Chaim W,Maymon E,Hershkowitz R,Romero Rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-09-01 00:00:00pages
659-85, xissue
3eissn
0095-5108issn
1557-9840pii
S0095-5108(18)30104-0journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The nature of perinatal education has been transformed, reflecting the changes in health care and health care consumers. Because of short maternity stays, the venue of most perinatal education, especially postpartum education, has moved from hospitals to other areas, including the home. In light of conflicting finding...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Congenital lung lesions (CLLs) comprise a heterogeneous group of developmental and histologic entities often diagnosed on screening prenatal ultrasound. Most fetuses with CLL are asymptomatic at birth; however, the risk of malignancy and infection drives the decision to prophylactically resect these lesions. The autho...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2017.08.003
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our current ability to predict neurologic outcome based on intrapartum information is very limited. Adding information on neurologic state during the first days of life adds powerfully to the ability to predict long-term outcome. Further enhancement of predictive abilities will require putting together into single stu...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neurodevelopmental benefits of breast milk feedings for preterm infants have been controversial. However, the effect on preterm infant neurodevelopment is sustained into childhood. The effects of breast milk feeding during the neonatal period and the duration of breastfeeding display effects on cognition into adol...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2016.11.004
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetic pregnancies involve complex alterations in maternal-placental and fetal compartments. This article discusses the unique features of diabetic pregnancies as they pertain to the maternal changes that must occur to accommodate the fetus. ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several limitations and controversies surround the definition of hypotension; however, it remains one of the most common problems faced by neonates. Approximately 15% to 30% of neonates with hypotension fail to respond to volume and/or vasopressor or inotropes. They are considered to have refractory hypotension. Altho...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2020.05.015
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has gained notoriety recently as a treatment of last resort for neonates at term or near term who suffer from pulmonary failure. Because of serious inherent risks, the procedure is at present reserved for infants with reversible pulmonary disease who have failed conventional ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Based on the authors' review of the literature on pediatric postoperative pain assessment with special attention to groups of vulnerable infants, this article (1) reports on type of surgery and its relationship to postoperative pain intensity; (2) reviews the characteristics of existing postoperative pain instruments ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(02)00015-5
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Visual evoked potentials (VEPs) are easily recorded in the neonatal intensive care setting using light-emitting diode goggles as the flash stimulus. They are sensitive measures of CNS integrity and are altered or abolished by hypoxia. Prognosis in newborns with birth asphyxia or hypoxia is difficult to predict; howeve...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is clear that prostaglandins and related compounds are important in the physiology and pathophysiology of the perinatal pulmonary circulation. This article focuses on what is known about prostaglandin-related compounds (PRC) in the pulmonary circulation of the developing and newly born mammal. Also included is a di...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The enunciation of equipment requirements has been attempted as needs appear today. Detailed and technical specifications for some of this equipment must be understood prior to major acquisitions. An awareness of current trends in clinical research can often be obtained from appropriate consultants which should forest...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although hyperbilirubinemia is extremely common among neonates and is usually mild and transient, it sometimes leads to bilirubin-induced neurologic damage (BIND). The auditory pathway is highly sensitive to the effects of elevated total serum/plasma bilirubin (TB) levels, with damage manifesting clinically as auditor...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2016.01.006
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two different care procedures are presented to raise the difficult question of whether we should completely reevaluate our paradigms of care in the perinatal period. In this thorough review, should we continue to use the same framework of beliefs in deciding on the benefits and risks of any care procedure? ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonstress testing appears to be an effective means of identifying fetal condition. Its most definitive benefit is the identification of the "normal" fetus, which often permits a path of nonintervention. A significant benefit of the nonstress test approach is its simplicity and portability which, in a practical sense, ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastrointestinal endoscopy permits direct observation of the alimentary tract, acquisition of mucosal tissue for histopathologic examination, and other diagnostic and therapeutic maneuvers. Endoscopes of appropriate size for many neonates and an expanding array of compatible tools and accessories have broadened what i...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2020.02.012
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is now recognized that pregnancy is associated with significant changes in maternal thyroid function that are largely mediated by the placenta. The author summarizes the understanding of these changes during pregnancy and follows with a discussion of fetal thyroid system ontogenesis. ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal stress responses have been investigated only in recent years. Term neonates mount substantial hormonal and metabolic responses, which are distinct from those of adult patients. These responses can be altered significantly by the effects of prematurity, the effects of graded surgical stress, and the anesthetic...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of ethical considerations arise with regard to screening for, detecting, and managing fetal anomalies. Some of these considerations involve the need to give attention to emotional distress the pregnant woman might be experiencing. The ethical principle of beneficence gives rise to a duty of the obstetrician t...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(02)00083-0
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The specific pathologic processes preceding the onset of irreversible cerebral injury seem to be a combination of several complex mechanisms due to the severity and duration of the insult to the biochemical modifications in the brain. An early diagnosis of the newborn at high risk for brain damage is relevant for prev...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2004.03.008
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The past 15 years has seen the resurgence of an interest in biomedical ethics and an awareness of the importance of teaching this discipline in medical curricula at varying levels. Physicians and philosophers can work together to achieve an integration of clinical case material and philosophical theory, in order to te...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV can be reduced through cesarean delivery prior to the onset of labor and prior to rupture of the membranes (elective cesarean delivery [ECD]). As a result of this evidence, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Department of Health and Hu...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2010.08.013
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhinitis is extremely common during pregnancy, and asthma is one of the most common potentially serious medical problems to complicate pregnancy. Cutaneous allergy (urticaria/angioedema and eczema) also may occur during pregnancy. All of these entities may worsen with pregnancy in some patients and appear to improve i...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiovascular malformations (CVMs) are the most common birth defect, occurring in 1% to 5% of all live births. Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors all influence the development of CVMs, and an improved understanding of the causation of CVMs is a prerequisite for prevention. Cardiac development is a complex...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2015.11.002
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human milk provided by healthy and well-nourished mothers is believed to cover the infant's nutrient requirements during the first half year of life. It is composed of a mixture of nutritive components as well as other bioactive factors with relevant physiologic effects in the neonate infant. Human milk composition ha...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neonatal Cushing syndrome (CS) is most commonly caused by exogenous administration of glucocorticoids and rarely by endogenous hypercortisolemia. CS owing to adrenal lesions is the most common cause of endogenous CS in neonates and infants, and adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) represent most cases. Many ACTs develop in th...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2017.10.002
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemic perinatal stroke (IPS) occurs in 1 of 2300 to 5000 live births. It is an under-recognized cause of significant long-term disabilities, including hemiplegic cerebral palsy, epilepsy, cognitive delays, and behavioral impairments. The pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial, involving maternal, fetal, plac...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2008.09.008
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our experience in the management of 138 infants with various causes of intestinal obstruction has provided us with important principles of diagnosis and treatments that we adhere to in the course of our practice. 1. The overall mortality of neonates suffering from intestinal obstruction should be fewer than 5 per cent...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the past, all women with a family history of breast or ovarian cancer were considered to be at increased risk of cancer themselves. The discovery of BRCA1 and BRCA2 demonstrated that susceptibility to breast and ovarian cancer can be inherited by women as a single-gene autosomal dominant disorder. For such women, e...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0095-5108(05)70091-9
更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risk scoring is a quantitative method used to screen populations to identify persons at increased risk of developing a specific adverse health outcome. Risk scoring for preterm birth has taken the form of a simple additive score with risk factors based on clinical experience to sophisticated multivariable risk models ...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cesarean deliveries can be associated with moderate to severe postoperative pain. Appropriate management of pain is important because it results in better patient satisfaction, earlier mobilization, and improved maternal-infant bonding. There are many individual options for treatment of pain; however, multimodal analg...
journal_title:Clinics in perinatology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.clp.2013.05.008
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00