Abstract:
:A comprehensive environmental fate and effects testing program, sponsored by the Chemical Manufacturers Association (CMA) Phthalate Esters Program Panel, has been completed. Based on the results, a preliminary safety assessment has shown that all of the 14 commercially important phthalates tested have sufficiently high safety factors to demonstrate low potential for adverse environmental effects. This program comprised acute toxicity studies on nine representative species of aquatic life, chronic reproduction studies on Daphnia magna, biodegradation (fate) testing, and physicochemical property (mobility) determinations on 14 phthalate esters. The objectives of this program were to determine for each test compound: The concentration at which effects on aquatic life might occur, the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic life, and the relative persistence in the environment. These data would provide the basis for an environmental safety assessment and would identify potential effects that might require further investigation. A total of 195 individual studies were carried out. Tests on a wide variety of aquatic organisms representing different food chain levels in both fresh and salt water environments showed that no single test species was unusually sensitive to the test materials. The higher molecular weight (longer side-chain) phthalates exhibited no toxic effects up to their limits of water solubility in the test systems. Even though the lower molecular weight, more water-soluble phthalates produced toxic effects below their limits of water solubility, no product exhibited unusually severe effects of concern.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Environ Health Perspectjournal_title
Environmental health perspectivesauthors
Group EF Jrdoi
10.1289/ehp.8665337subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-03-01 00:00:00pages
337-40eissn
0091-6765issn
1552-9924journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous literature suggests that higher ambient temperature may play a role in increasing the risk of suicide. However, no multi-country study has explored the shape of the association and the role of moderate and extreme heat across different locations. OBJECTIVES:We examined the short-term temperature-su...
journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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更新日期:1986-04-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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doi:10.1289/ehp.95103498
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更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Environmental health perspectives
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更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00