Abstract:
:Literature surrounding the burden of and factors associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in persons with tuberculosis (TB) disease remains limited and focused on populations outside the USA. Cross-matched New York City (NYC) TB and viral hepatitis surveillance data were used to estimate the proportion of NYC adults diagnosed with TB from 2000 to 2010 with a report of viral hepatitis infection and to describe the impact of viral hepatitis infection on TB treatment completion and death. For 9512 TB patients, HCV infection was reported in 4.2% and HBV infection in 3.7%; <1% of TB patients had both HCV and HBV infection. The proportion of TB patients with HCV infection to die before TB treatment completion was larger than in TB patients without a viral hepatitis report (21% vs. 9%); this association remained when stratified by HIV status. There was no significant difference in death before treatment completion for TB patients with HBV infection compared to TB patients without a viral hepatitis report when stratified by HIV status. These findings reinforce the importance of hepatitis testing and providing additional support to TB patients with viral hepatitis infection.
journal_name
Epidemiol Infectjournal_title
Epidemiology and infectionauthors
Bushnell G,Stennis NL,Drobnik AM,Proops DC,Ahuja SD,Bornschlegel K,Fuld Jdoi
10.1017/S0950268814002970subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-07-01 00:00:00pages
1972-81issue
9eissn
0950-2688issn
1469-4409pii
S0950268814002970journal_volume
143pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The dramatic decline of the native red squirrel in the UK has been attributed to both direct and disease-mediated competition with the grey squirrel where the competitor acts as a reservoir host of squirrelpox virus (SQPV). SQPV is threatening red squirrel conservation efforts, yet little is known about its epidemiolo...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268810000816
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Very few Pacific islands escaped the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic. Subsequent influenza epidemics in the established colonial outposts of American Samoa and New Caledonia infected many but killed very few persons whereas the extraordinarily isolated Niue, Rotuma, Jaliut and Yule islands experienced high mortality infl...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812000866
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the joint association of patient and strain characteristics with the outcome of meningococcal disease (MD), data were collected on 563 consecutive cases of MD reported between 1989 and 1990 in The Netherlands. The meningococcal isolates were characterized with regard to their surface characteristics. Se...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800057472
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty progesterone-treated TO mice were infected intravaginally with Mycoplasma pulmonis. One month later, ten of the mice were given oestradiol which changed the reproductive cycle to the oestrous phase and within a week resulted in eradication of the organisms from six of them; vaginal persistence in the other mice...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800047749
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study of three high-risk occupational groups using Rose Bengal and complement fixation tests, the highest prevalence (7.1%) was found among dairy farm workers and owners in randomly selected dairy-cattle farms, followed by veterinary personnel (4.5%) and inhabitants in pastoralist areas (3.0%). There was no evide...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802007215
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In99, a possible ancestor of In100, is a class 1 integron associated with carbenicillinase (blaPSE) and aminoglycoside resistance genes [aac(6')-Ib and aadA2]. In99 was present in 8 of 81 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa from unrelated patients collected in different years. The strains fell into two clonal ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880600700X
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory-based surveillance of invasive pneumococcal infections in adults in Finland from 1983 to 1992 identified 862 episodes of pneumococcal bacteraemia and 97 episodes of meningitis. The overall incidence of invasive pneumococcal infections was 9.1 per 100,000 for all adults per year, but 27.1, 35.8, and 44.5 per...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268896007169
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Consumers in the United States continue to eat raw or undercooked foods of animal origin despite public health warnings following several well-publicized outbreaks. We investigated an outbreak of Salmonella serotype Typhimurium infection in 158 patients in Wisconsin during the 1994 Christmas holiday period. To determi...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268897007851
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, two sheep, eight dromedary camels and two Bactrian camels were inoculated with foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) type A SAU 22/92. Five naive dromedary camels and four sheep were kept in direct or indirect contact with the inoculated camels. The inoculated sheep, which served as positive controls, dis...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268808001088
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial use in pig farming is influenced by a range of risk factors, including herd characteristics, biosecurity level, farm performance, occurrence of clinical signs and vaccination scheme, as well as farmers' attitudes and habits towards antimicrobial use. So far, the effect of these risk factors has been expl...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818000742
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our purpose was to determine the effectiveness and harms of vaccination in patients with any sexual history to prevent the prevalence of papillomavirus infection. A search strategy was conducted in the MEDLINE, CENTRAL, EMBASE and LILACS databases. Searches were also conducted in other databases and unpublished litera...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1017/S0950268818003679
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information on the factors that cause or amplify foodborne illness outbreaks (contributing factors), such as ill workers or cross-contamination of food by workers, is critical to outbreak prevention. However, only about half of foodborne illness outbreaks reported to the United States' Centers for Disease Control and ...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268817001406
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the clinical characteristics of, and outcomes and risk factors for hospital mortality of 390 patients admitted with severe sepsis or septic shock in an intensive care unit (ICU). Prospectively collected data from patients collected between 1 July 2004 and 30 June 2006 were analysed. Overall hos...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268809002027
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed the data from the control group in a typhoid vaccine trial in Karachi to assess the differences in individual-, household- and cluster-level characteristics for developing typhoid fever. The annual incidence of typhoid in children aged 2-16 years in the control arm of the vaccine trial was 151/100 000 popu...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811000938
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To estimate the incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) following Campylobacter jejuni infection (CI) we studied three populations where outbreaks of CI had occurred involving an estimated 8000 cases. No case of GBS was detected in the 6 months following the outbreaks in the local populations. The point estimate fo...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268898001861
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within-household transmission of Escherichia coli may contribute to the pathogenesis of urinary tract infection but understanding of transmission is limited by the lack of longitudinal data on individual shedding patterns. In this study, faecal E. coli was isolated over 6 months from 18 humans and 13 dogs in eight hou...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S095026880900226X
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an outbreak of simultaneous Clostridium difficile and norovirus infections in a long-term-care facility. Thirty patients experienced acute gastroenteritis, and four had co-infection with identical C. difficile 027 and genotype II.4 New Orleans norovirus strains. Co-occurring infection requires improved und...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813000241
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Faecal samples from 146 diarrhoeic lambs and goat kids, and from 511 healthy sheep and goats were screened for the presence of Vero cytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC). In healthy sheep and goats, VTEC were isolated in 24.4 and 16.2% of the animals, respectively. Moreover, VTEC were detected in 3.1 and 5.9% of...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268802008154
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nebovirus is a new genus of viruses belonging to the Caliciviridae family recently characterized in cattle, and is associated with gastrointestinal disorders, such as diarrhoea, anorexia and intestinal lesions particularly in calves. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of neboviruses in Brazilian c...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000029
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Campylobacter jejuni serogroup reference strains and collections of sporadic and outbreak-associated isolates were examined for restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs), using C. jejuni random chromosomal and 16S rRNA gene probes. A collection of 48 Penner (HS) and 14 Lior (HL) serogroup reference strains, pl...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800001400
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cirrhotic patients are prone to having infections, which may aggravate hepatic encephalopathy (HE). However, the effect of infections on mortality in HE cirrhotic patients is not well described. The National Health Insurance Database, derived from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Programme, was used to identify 41...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268813000186
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bartonella spp. are endemic in wild rodents in many parts of the world. A study conducted in two northern California counties (Sonoma and Yolo) sampling California ground squirrels (Otospermophilus beecheyi) and four other rodent species (Peromyscus maniculatus, P. boylii, P. truei and Neotoma fuscipes) led to the iso...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268816000108
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genomes of 34 recent United Kingdom isolates of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C were examined by restriction enzyme digestion and by conventional and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Strains were assigned to groups on the basis of the Dice similarity coefficient; strains with values of > 92% were consid...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800051463
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effectiveness of environmental decontamination (ED) as a measure in the control of infectious diseases is controversial. This work quantifies the effectiveness of ED by analysing the transmission of pathogens from the environment to susceptible hosts in a Susceptible-Infected-Susceptible model. Analysis of the mod...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268811000604
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over Christmas 1993, an outbreak of food poisoning occurred among guests in a hotel in South West Scotland. Evidence from a cohort study strongly suggested that raw oysters were the vehicle for infection, probably due to a Small Round Structured Virus (SRSV). Detailed enquiry about the source and preparation of the oy...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800058222
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution of Burkholderia pseudomallei was determined in soil collected from a rural district in Papua New Guinea (PNG) where melioidosis had recently been described, predominately affecting children. In 274 samples, 2.6% tested culture-positive for B. pseudomallei. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis using SpeI d...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268807009429
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::National health statistics report a 2·5-fold increase in laboratory-confirmed Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) cases over the last decade in Switzerland where no CT screening programme exists. We obtained essential denominator information to describe the epidemiology of CT in the canton of Basel-Stadt, an urban canton in no...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268812002567
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A growing number of infectious pathogens are spreading among geographic regions. Some pathogens that were previously not considered to pose a general threat to human health have emerged at regional and global scales, such as Zika and Ebola Virus Disease. Other pathogens, such as yellow fever virus, were previously tho...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/S0950268818002881
更新日期:2018-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::It is generally accepted that the reservoir hosts of cowpox virus are wild rodents, although direct evidence for this is lacking for much of the virus's geographic range. Here, through a combination of serology and PCR, we demonstrate conclusively that the main hosts in Great Britain are bank voles, wood mice and shor...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268899002423
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh (ICDDR, B) Dhaka we studied the trends in cholera for the period January 1992 to May 1995. Vibrio cholerae O139 Bengal emerged as a second aetiologic agent of cholera in Dhaka in January 1993. In 1993, the majority of cholera cases was due to V. c...
journal_title:Epidemiology and infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/s0950268800052572
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00