Abstract:
:High socioeconomic status (SES) is generally associated with better health outcomes, but some research has linked it with an increased risk of multiple sclerosis (MS). The evidence for this association is inconsistent and has not previously been systematically reviewed. A systematic review of cohort and case-control studies in any language was conducted looking at the association between MS and SES. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched for articles in all languages published up until 23 August 2013. Twenty-one studies from 13 countries were included in the review. Heterogeneity of study settings precluded carrying out a meta-analysis, and a qualitative synthesis was performed instead. Five studies, all from more unequal countries, reported an association between high SES and MS. Thirteen studies reported no evidence of an association, and three studies reported an association with low SES. These 16 studies largely came from more egalitarian countries. The evidence for an association between high SES and increased MS risk is inconsistent but with some indication of a stronger effect in countries and time periods with higher inequality. Firm conclusions are hampered by the failure of most studies to control for other important risk factors for MS.
journal_name
Eur J Neuroljournal_title
European journal of neurologyauthors
Goulden R,Ibrahim T,Wolfson Cdoi
10.1111/ene.12586subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-06-01 00:00:00pages
899-911issue
6eissn
1351-5101issn
1468-1331journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:A Consensus document on palliative care and neurology has made recommendations on the care of people with chronic and progressive neurological disease. This study aimed to investigate whether these recommendations are understood by, acceptable to and used in practice by neurologists in Belgium. ...
journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ene.13325
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2000.t01-1-00107.x
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abstract::The prognosis of cerebellar hemorrhage with brain stem compression is known to be poor, and patients who can usually survive are severely disabled with limited benefit from conventional rehabilitation. An innovative cutaneous stimulation was administered to a chronic patient (2 years after the incidence) who has sever...
journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2003.00573.x
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ene.12740
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2002.00333.x
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:In a longitudinal population-based dataset of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), we have previously observed a substantial increase in the female to male sex ratio in Canada over the last 50 years. Here, we aimed to determine whether this change in sex ratio is related to the clinical course ...
journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2009.02850.x
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.1999.tb00021.x
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.1999.660711.x
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2006.01447.x
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/ene.14754
更新日期:2021-01-23 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1468-1331.2000.00130.x
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/ene.14555
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/ene.13606
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引,评审
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更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.1999.tb00001.x
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2007.01986.x
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title:European journal of neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1468-1331.2005.01042.x
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