Abstract:
:We have studied initiation and regulation of early transcription of simian virus (SV40) DNA in vitro by eucaryotic RNA polymerase II, using both a crude HeLa cell extract and a partially purified calf thymus polymerase supplemented with a HeLa cell S100 fraction. Analysis of initiation sites by primer-directed cDNA synthesis and sequencing of cDNA's has revealed that early transcription is initiated at a multiplicity of sites corresponding to the 5' termini of early viral mRNA's. The pattern of in vitro initiation closely resembles the pattern of 5' termini of early mRNA's late in the lytic cycle, with principal initiations between residues 5184 to 5194, upstream from the early Hogness-Goldberg (TATA) sequence, and at residue 5123, well downstream from this sequence. In vitro transcription is initiated to a lesser extent at sites between residues 5150 and 5155, the principal 5' termini of early mRNA's in transformed cells and early in lytic infection, located 21 to 26 nucleotides downstream from the TATA sequence. Initiation occurs at identical sites and with similar efficiencies on form I and linearized DNA templates. There are minor differences in the efficiency of initiation at specific sites by the two transcriptional systems. Studies using a DNA template cleaved just downstream from the TATA sequence and a second template cleaved through a pair of 72-base-pair tandem repeats starting 87 nucleotides upstream from the TATA sequence have revealed that neither the TATA sequence nor the repeats are essential for early transcription in vitro. However, removal of the TATA and upstream sequences shifts initiation of transcription principally to the residue 5123 site. Comparison of the relative efficiencies of transcription on intact wild-type DNA, the two cleaved DNAs, and DNA from a deletion mutant suggests that all or most of the sequences constituting an early promoter lie within the genomic region 60-70 to 140 nucleotides upstream from the principal 5' termini of the early mRNA's.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Lebowitz P,Ghosh PKdoi
10.1128/JVI.41.2.449-461.1982subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-02-01 00:00:00pages
449-61issue
2eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Two panels of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific for the influenza A virus PA and PB2 polypeptides have been obtained from mice immunized with denatured proteins produced in Escherichia coli. All MAbs (13 specific for the PA polypeptide and 8 specific for the PB2 protein) reacted to the corresponding influenza viru...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.6900-6909.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the spherical capsid of hepatitis B virus (HBV), intermolecular disulfide bonds cross-link the approximately 180 p21.5 capsid protein subunits into a stable lattice. In this study, we used mutant capsid proteins to investigate the role that disulfide bonds and the four p21.5 Cys residues (positions 48, 61, 107, and...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.9.5393-5398.1992
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms mediating protective immunity to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection are incompletely understood because early infection in humans is rarely identified, particularly in those individuals who subsequently demonstrate spontaneous virus eradication. We have established a large national network of patients wi...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01581-07
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gammaretroviruses, such as murine leukemia virus (MLV), are functionally distinguished from lentiviruses, such as human immunodeficiency virus, by their inability to infect nondividing cells. Attempts to engineer this property into MLV have been hindered by an incomplete understanding of early events in the viral life...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00615-06
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Betanodaviruses, the causal agents of viral nervous necrosis in marine fish, have bipartite positive-sense RNAs as genomes. The larger genomic segment, RNA1 (3.1 kb), encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, and the smaller genomic segment, RNA2 (1.4 kb), codes for the coat protein. Betanodaviruses have marked host sp...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.78.3.1256-1262.2004
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently we reported that in vitro RNA transcripts complementary to the genome of hepatitis delta virus (HDV) contain a unique site at which self-cleavage can occur. Subsequent studies showed that a similar self-cleavage site was present on in vitro RNA transcripts of genomic HDV RNA. The same self-cleavage reactions ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.12.4439-4444.1988
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The Nairovirus genus of the Bunyaviridae family contains serious human and animal pathogens classified within multiple serogroups and species. Of these serogroups, the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) serogroup comprises sole members CCHFV and Hazara virus (HAZV). CCHFV is an emerging zoonotic v...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00661-16
更新日期:2016-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::Human herpesviruses encode posttranscriptional activators that are believed to up-regulate viral replication by facilitating early and late gene expression. We have reported previously that the Epstein-Barr virus protein EB2 (also called M or SM) promotes nuclear export of RNAs that are poor substrates for spliceosome...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.13.6068-6076.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Direct evidence is presented for a host-specific role of the cucumovirus capsid protein in long-distance movement within infected plants. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) is a systemic host for cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV). Tomato aspermy cucumovirus, strain 1 (1-TAV), multiplied to the levels of CMV (i.e., replicat...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.69.2.916-922.1995
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two hundred seventeen field isolates of cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), sampled from 11 natural populations, were typed by RNase protection assay (RPA) using probes from the genomic RNAs of strains in subgroup I and in subgroup II of CMV strains. Most (85%) of the analyzed isolates belonged to subgroup I. For these...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.2.934-940.1997
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multimerization of the Hantaan virus nucleocapsid protein (NP) in Hantaan virus-infected Vero E6 cells was observed in a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Recombinant and truncated NPs of Hantaan, Seoul, and Dobrava viruses lacking the N-terminal 49 amino acids were also detected as multimers. Alt...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.2.943-952.2003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) glycoprotein US2 increases the proteasome-mediated degradation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I heavy chain (HC), class II DR-alpha and DM-alpha proteins, and HFE, a nonclassical MHC protein. US2-initiated degradation of MHC proteins apparently involves the recruitment of ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.77.8.4731-4738.2003
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protection of individuals from human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection with an envelope subunit derived from a single isolate will require the presentation of conserved epitopes in gp120. The objective of the studies presented here was to test whether a native recombinant gp120 (rgp120) immunogen wou...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.66.1.172-182.1992
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mycophenolic acid (MPA), an inhibitor of IMP dehydrogenase, inhibits reovirus replication and viral RNA and protein production. In mouse L929 cells, antiviral effects were greatest at 30 microg of MPA/ml. At this dosage, MPA inhibited replication of reovirus strain T3D more than 1,000-fold and inhibited replication of...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.12.6171-6179.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borna disease virus (BDV) is a nonsegmented, negative-strand RNA virus that causes neurological diseases in a variety of warm-blooded animal species. There is general consensus that BDV can also infect humans, being a possible zoonosis. Although the clinical consequences of human BDV infection are still controversial,...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.12.6268-6286.2002
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The retroviral Gag protein is capable of directing the production and release of virus-like particles in the absence of all other viral components. Budding normally occurs after Gag is transported to the plasma membrane by its membrane-targeting and -binding (M) domain. In the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag protein, the...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.18.8692-8699.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::UR2 is a newly characterized avian sarcoma virus whose genome contains a unique sequence that is not related to the sequences of other avian sarcoma virus transforming genes thus far identified. This unique sequence, termed ros, is fused to part of the viral gag gene. The product of the fused gag-ros gene of UR2 is a ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.42.1.228-236.1982
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influenza A virus nucleoprotein (NP) is a multifunctional polypeptide which plays a pivotal role in virus replication. To get information on the domains and specific residues involved in the different NP activities, we describe here the preparation and characterization of 20 influenza A virus mutant NPs. The mutat...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.73.2.1186-1194.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Numerous animal and plant viruses are transmitted by arthropod vectors in a persistent, circulative manner. Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is transmitted by the sweet potato whitefly Bemisia tabaci. We report here that infection with Rickettsia spp., a facultative endosymbiont of whiteflies, altered T...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00071-14
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:The HIV-1 envelope protein (Env) is heavily glycosylated, with approximately 50% of the Env molecular mass being contributed by N-glycans. HIV-1 Env N-glycans shield the protein backbone and have been shown to play key roles in determining Env structure, surface exposure, and, consequently, antigenicity, inf...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02164-14
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The DNase/alkaline exonuclease (AE) genes are well conserved in all herpesvirus families, but recent studies have shown that the AE proteins of gammaherpesviruses such as Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) exhibit an additional function which shuts down host protein synthesis. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01946-07
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zika virus (ZIKV) envelope (E) protein is the major target of neutralizing antibodies in infected hosts and thus represents a candidate of interest for vaccine design. However, a major concern in the development of vaccines against ZIKV and the related dengue virus is the induction of cross-reactive poorly neutralizin...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01415-20
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract::Cell extracts from murine A9 or human HeLa cells containing wild-type copies the NS1 polypeptide of minute virus of mice (MVM), produced from a recombinant vaccinia virus, can support the resolution of viral 3' termini from palindromic junction fragments of dimeric, replicative-form MVM DNA. Resolution resulted in the...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.3.1579-1589.1993
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (MHV-68) glycoprotein B (gB) was identified in purified virions by immunoblotting, immunoprecipitation, and immunoelectron microscopy. It was synthesized as a 120-kDa precursor in infected cells and cleaved into 65-kDa and 55-kDa disulfide-linked subunits close to the time of virion release....
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.23.13370-13375.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Naturally occurring bovine-human reassortant rotaviruses with a P[11] VP4 genotype exhibit a tropism for neonates. Interaction of the VP8* domain of the spike protein VP4 with sialic acid was thought to be the key mediator for rotavirus infectivity. However, recent studies have indicated a role for nonsialylated glyco...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03518-12
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Barley stripe mosaic virus (BSMV) encodes three movement proteins in an overlapping triple gene block (TGB), but little is known about the physical interactions of these proteins. We have characterized a ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex consisting of the TGB1 protein and plus-sense BSMV RNAs from infected barley plants...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02586-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody to the capsid (PORF2) protein of hepatitis E virus (HEV) is sufficient to confer immunity, but knowledge of B-cell epitopes in the intact capsid is limited. A panel of murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) was generated following immunization with recombinant ORF2.1 protein, representing the C-terminal 267 amin...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.17.8011-8017.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of closed circular simian virus 40 (SV40) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) containing sequences homologous to host cell DNA depends upon the conditions under which the cells are infected. When BS-C-1 monkey cells were infected with non-plaque-purified virus at low multiplicity of infection [MOI, 0.032 plaque-...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.9.2.309-316.1972
更新日期:1972-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Tax protein from human T-cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a 40-kDa phosphoprotein capable of activating transcription from its own long terminal repeat (LTR), as well as increasing the transcription of cellular genes. Transcriptional activation of the HTLV-I LTR has been demonstrated via a cyclic-AMP-respons...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.67.7.4436-4441.1993
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have reported previously that ocular infection of different strains of mice with recombinant herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) constitutively expressing interleukin-2 (IL-2) provokes central nervous system (CNS) demyelination and optic neuropathy, as determined by changes in visual evoked cortical potentials and patho...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02241-13
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00