An in vivo method of measurement of the mechanical properties of vascular prostheses: the mechanical properties of saphenous vein bypass grafts.

abstract：:Proton therapy with active scanning beam delivery has significant advantages compared to conventional radiotherapy. However, so far only static targets have been treated in this way, since moving targets potentially lead to interplay effects. For 4D treatment planning, information on the target motion is needed to cal...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Zhang Y,Boye D,Tanner C,Lomax AJ,Knopf A

更新日期：2012-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:An overview of the theory of 4D image reconstruction for emission tomography is given along with a review of the current state of the art, covering both positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). By viewing 4D image reconstruction as a matter of either linear or non-linear par...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Reader AJ,Verhaeghe J

更新日期：2014-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The anisotropic mechanical properties (mechanical anisotropy) and view-dependent ultrasonic backscattering (acoustic anisotropy) of striated muscle due to the underlying myofiber arrangement have been well documented, but whether they impact on ultrasound strain imaging (USI) techniques remains unclear. The aim of thi...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Li H,Lee WN

更新日期：2017-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study is the evaluation of on-the-fly volume of intersection computation for system's geometry modelling in 3D PET image reconstruction. For this purpose we propose a simple geometrical model in which the cubic image voxels on the given Cartesian grid are approximated with spheres and the rectangular t...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Lougovski A,Hofheinz F,Maus J,Schramm G,Will E,van den Hoff J

更新日期：2014-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Enabling automated pipelines, image analysis and big data methodology in cancer clinics requires thorough understanding of the data. Automated quality assurance steps could improve the efficiency and robustness of these methods by verifying possible data biases. In particular, in head and neck (H&N) computed-tomograph...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Welch ML,McIntosh C,Purdie TG,Wee L,Traverso A,Dekker A,Haibe-Kains B,Jaffray DA

更新日期：2020-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The first trimester fetal ultrasound scan is important to confirm fetal viability, to estimate the gestational age of the fetus, and to detect fetal anomalies early in pregnancy. First trimester ultrasound images have a different appearance than for the second trimester scan, reflecting the different stage of fetal de...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Ryou H,Yaqub M,Cavallaro A,Papageorghiou AT,Alison Noble J

更新日期：2019-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been reported that acoustic waves are generated when a high-energy pulsed proton beam is deposited in a small volume within tissue. One possible application of proton-induced acoustics is to get real-time feedback for intra-treatment adjustments by monitoring such acoustic waves. A high spatial resolution in ul...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Kipergil EA,Erkol H,Kaya S,Gulsen G,Unlu MB

更新日期：2017-06-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A stable cryogel dosimeter was prepared using ferrous benzoic xylenol orange (FBX) in a transparent poly-(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) cryogel matrix. Dose response was evaluated for different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles (FTCs), different concentrations of PVA, and ratios of water/dimethyl sulfoxide. Linear relationships be...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Eyadeh MM,Farrell TJ,Diamond KR

更新日期：2014-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Single energy x-ray analysis is explored in the context of computed tomography (CT), whereby Hounsfield numbers (HN) are used to estimate electron density N(e) and parameters that describe composition. We examine measurements with tissue substitute materials and theoretical HN for a broad range of tissues. Results are...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Midgley SM

更新日期：2012-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:It is a challenging problem to resolve and identify drug (or non-specific fluorophore) distribution throughout the whole body of small animals in vivo. In this article, an algorithm of unmixing multispectral fluorescence tomography (MFT) images based on independent component analysis (ICA) is proposed to solve this pr...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Pu H,Zhang G,He W,Liu F,Guang H,Zhang Y,Bai J,Luo J

更新日期：2014-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A function called Gx(L) was introduced by the International Commission on Radiation Units and Measurements (ICRU) Report-87 to facilitate measurement of cumulative dose for CT scans within long phantoms as recommended by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) TG-111. The Gx(L) function is equal to t...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Abuhaimed A,Martin CJ,Sankaralingam M,Gentle DJ

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently, a new family of low-cost x-radiation detectors have been developed, based on semiconducting polymer diodes, which are easy to process, mechanically flexible, relatively inexpensive, and able to cover large areas. To test their potential for radiotherapy applications such as beam monitors or dosimeters, as an...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Mills CA,Chan YF,Intaniwet A,Shkunov M,Nisbet A,Keddie JL,Sellin PJ

更新日期：2013-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluence to organ-dose and effective-dose conversion coefficients for neutrons and protons with energies up to 100 GeV was calculated using the PHITS code coupled to male and female adult reference computational phantoms, which are to be released as a common ICRP/ICRU publication. For the calculation, the radiation...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Sato T,Endo A,Zankl M,Petoussi-Henss N,Niita K

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have shown potential in recent years as a means of therapeutic dose enhancement in radiation therapy. However, a major challenge in moving towards clinical implementation is the exact characterisation of the dose enhancement they provide. Monte Carlo studies attempt to explore this property, ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Koger B,Kirkby C

更新日期：2016-03-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In this letter the authors highlight the presence of an error appearing in the discussion of the note 'The use of the Henyey-Greenstein phase function in Monte Carlo simulations in biomedical optics' previously published by them (Binzoni et al 2006 Phys. Med. Biol. 51 N313). In the light of this error, the discussion ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Binzoni T,Leung TS,Gandjbakhche AH,Rüfenacht D,Delpy DT

更新日期：2006-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) imaging is potentially applicable to the investigation of vascular disorders of the testis. We investigated the ability of two automated computer algorithms to analyse contrast-enhanced pulse inversion US data in a rabbit model of unilateral testicular ischaemia and to correctly deter...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Thierman JS,Clement GT,Kalish LA,O'Kane PL,Frauscher F,Paltiel HJ

更新日期：2006-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The radiofrequency dielectric behaviour of packed human erythrocytes has been investigated in normal haemoglobins F and AA and also abnormal haemoglobins homozygous SS and heterozygous AS. Dielectric measurements were made in tightly packed blood cells at an average room temperature of 26.5 +/- 0.5 degrees C in the fr...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Laogun AA,Ajayi NO,Okafor LO,Osamo NO

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nanocarriers offer a promising approach to significantly improve therapeutic delivery to solid tumors as well as limit the side effects associated with anti-cancer agents. However, their relatively large size can negatively affect their ability to efficiently penetrate into more interior tumor regions, ultimately redu...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Mohammadabadi A,Huynh RN,Wadajkar AS,Lapidus RG,Kim AJ,Raub CB,Frenkel V

更新日期：2020-06-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Average cross-sections for inactivation of dry ribonuclease by H, He and N projectiles with energies between 100 eV and 10 keV are presented. The trend of the damage cross-sections with particle energy is consistent with the trend of the molecular quasi-elastic scattering and ionization cross-sections. A tentative rad...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Watt DE,Sutcliffe JF

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In conventional gating approaches for positron emission tomography (PET), a single number of gates is predetermined for the whole field of view (FOV) regardless of spatially variant motion blurring effects, which compromises image quality by under-gating regions of large motion and over-gating static regions. To achie...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Wang J,Dong Y,Li H,Feng T

更新日期：2018-08-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are widely used in positron emission tomography (PET), however, SiPMs from different vendors vary in their performance characteristics. In addition, the specifications provided by the manufacturers are measured under different operating conditions and using different test setups, makin...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Du J,Bai X,Cherry SR

更新日期：2019-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Acidic drinks and foodstuffs can demineralize dental hard tissues, leading to a pathological condition known as dental erosion, which is of increasing clinical concern. The first step in enamel dissolution is a demineralization of the outer few micrometres of tissue, which results in a softening of the structure. The ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Barbour ME,Shellis RP

更新日期：2007-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetic parameters are commonly estimated from dynamically acquired nuclear medicine data by first reconstructing a dynamic sequence of images and subsequently fitting the parameters to time-activity curves generated from regions of interest overlaid upon the image sequence. Biased estimates can result from images rec...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Huesman RH,Reutter BW,Zeng GL,Gullberg GT

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method of computing theoretical X-ray spectra in the range 30-150 kV is presented. The theoretical spectra are compared with constant potential, high resolution spectra from a tungsten target measured with a Ge(Li) detector, for a range of target angles, tube voltage and filtrations. Above 100 kV the spectra were al...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Birch R,Marshall M

更新日期：1979-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Segmentation is often required for the analysis of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) images. However, noise and low spatial resolution make it a difficult task and several supervised and unsupervised methods have been proposed in the literature to perform the segmentation based on semi-automatic clustering of...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Mouysset S,Zbib H,Stute S,Girault JM,Charara J,Noailles J,Chalon S,Buvat I,Tauber C

更新日期：2013-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a need to verify the accuracy of general purpose Monte Carlo codes like EGSnrc, which are commonly employed for investigations of dosimetric problems in radiation therapy. A number of experimental benchmarks have been published to compare calculated values of absorbed dose to experimentally determined values....

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Renner F,Wulff J,Kapsch RP,Zink K

更新日期：2015-10-07 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, two computational phantoms of the newborn patient were used to assess individual organ doses and effective doses delivered during head, chest, abdomen, pelvis, and torso examinations using the Siemens SOMATOM Sensation 16 helical multi-slice computed tomography (MSCT) scanner. The stylized phantom used ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Staton RJ,Lee C,Lee C,Williams MD,Hintenlang DE,Arreola MM,Williams JL,Bolch WE

更新日期：2006-10-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Monte Carlo simulations were used to investigate large-angle x-ray scatter at design energy of 25 keV during small field of view (9.6 cm × 5 cm) differential phase contrast imaging of the breast using Talbot-Lau interferometry. Homogenous, adipose and fibroglandular breasts of uniform thickness ranging from 2 to 8 cm ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Vedantham S,Shi L,Karellas A

更新日期：2014-11-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The characteristics of an Elekta Precise treatment machine with a gating interface were investigated. Three detectors were used: a Farmer ionization chamber, a MatriXX ionization chamber array and an in-house, single pulse-measurement ionization chamber (IVC). Measurements were made of dosimetric accuracy, flatness an...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Evans PM,Symonds-Tayler JR,Colgan R,Hugo GD,Letts N,Sandin C

更新日期：2010-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Modern effort in radiotherapy to address the challenges of tumor localization and motion has led to the development of MRI guided radiotherapy technologies. Accurate dose calculations must properly account for the effects of the MRI magnetic fields. Previous work has investigated the accuracy of a deterministic linear...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Zelyak O,Fallone BG,St-Aubin J

更新日期：2017-12-14 00:00:00