A method for converting dose-to-medium to dose-to-tissue in Monte Carlo studies of gold nanoparticle-enhanced radiotherapy.

abstract：:A photoluminescent thermometer, based on the transient emission response of a europium-activated calcium sulphide phosphor, is described in detail. This optical thermometry system has special advantages for temperature measurements in microwave and RF fields and potential application in electromagnetically induced cli...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Samulski TV,Chopping PT,Haas B

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The electron pencil-beam redefinition algorithm (PBRA), which is used to calculate electron beam dose distributions, assumes that the virtual source of each pencil beam is identical to that of the broad beam incident on the patient. In the present work, a virtual source specific for each pencil beam is modelled by inc...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Boyd RA,Hogstrom KR,White RA,Starkschall G

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT), image characteristics of projection views and reconstructed volume are different and both have the advantage of detecting breast masses, e.g. reconstructed volume mitigates a tissue overlap, while projection views have less reconstruction blur artifacts. In this paper, an improve...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Kim DH,Kim ST,Ro YM

更新日期：2015-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Four dimensional cone beam computed tomography (4DCBCT) uses a constant gantry speed and imaging frequency that are independent of the patient's breathing rate. Using a technique called respiratory motion guided 4DCBCT (RMG-4DCBCT), we have previously demonstrated that by varying the gantry speed and imaging frequency...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： O'Brien RT,Stankovic U,Sonke JJ,Keall PJ

更新日期：2017-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mitral and aortic valve replacement is a procedure which is common in cardiac surgery. Some of these replacement valves are mechanical and contain moving metal parts. Should the patient in whom such a valve has been implanted be involved in magnetic resonance imaging, there is a possible dangerous interaction between ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Robertson NM,Diaz-Gomez M,Condon B

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The fluence to organ-dose and effective-dose conversion coefficients for neutrons and protons with energies up to 100 GeV was calculated using the PHITS code coupled to male and female adult reference computational phantoms, which are to be released as a common ICRP/ICRU publication. For the calculation, the radiation...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Sato T,Endo A,Zankl M,Petoussi-Henss N,Niita K

更新日期：2009-04-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed an x-ray imaging system for in vivo four-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) of small animals for pre-clinical lung investigations. Our customized laboratory facility is capable of high resolution in vivo imaging at high frame rates. Characterization using phantoms demonstrate a spatial resolution...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Preissner M,Murrie RP,Pinar I,Werdiger F,Carnibella RP,Zosky GR,Fouras A,Dubsky S

更新日期：2018-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:There are a number of gel dosimeter calibration methods in contemporary usage. The present study is a detailed Monte Carlo investigation into the accuracy of several calibration techniques. Results show that for most arrangements the dose to gel accurately reflects the dose to water, with the most accurate method invo...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Taylor ML,Franich RD,Johnston PN,Millar RM,Trapp JV

更新日期：2007-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Uncertainties in determining clinically used relative biological effectiveness (RBE) values for ion beam therapy carry the risk of absolute and relative misestimations of RBE-weighted doses for clinical scenarios. This study assesses the consequences of hypothetical misestimations of input parameters to the RBE modell...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Böhlen TT,Brons S,Dosanjh M,Ferrari A,Fossati P,Haberer T,Patera V,Mairani A

更新日期：2012-12-07 00:00:00

abstract：:A single experimental apparatus has been designed to allow measurements of stopping cross-sections of materials in liquid and vapour phase, for alpha particles, using an indirect method. The method, in which residual energies for increasing absorber thicknesses are obtained and differentiated, has been used in a numbe...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Thwaites DI

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At low and intermediate frequencies, the strength of the induced electric field is used as dosimetric quantity for human protection in the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) guidelines. To compute the induced electric field, numerical methods based on anatomically realistic voxel mo...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Soldati M,Laakso I

更新日期：2020-01-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The beam orientation optimization (BOO) problem in intensity modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) treatment planning is a nonlinear problem, and existing methods to obtain solutions to the BOO problem are time consuming due to the complex nature of the objective function and size of the solution space. These issues beco...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Lee CH,Aleman DM,Sharpe MB

更新日期：2011-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetic resonance and ultrasound elastography techniques are now important tools for staging high-grade fibrosis in patients with chronic liver disease. However, uncertainty remains about the effects of simple accumulation of fat (steatosis) and inflammation (steatohepatitis) on the parameters that can be measured us...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Parker KJ,Ormachea J,Drage MG,Kim H,Hah Z

更新日期：2018-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:3D breast modelling for 2D and 3D breast x-ray imaging would benefit from the availability of digital and physical phantoms that reproduce accurately the complexity of the breast anatomy. While a number of groups have produced digital phantoms with increasing level of complexity, physical phantoms reproducing that sof...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Esposito G,Mettivier G,Bliznakova K,Bliznakov Z,Bosmans H,Bravin A,Buliev I,Di Lillo F,Ivanov D,Minutillo M,Sarno A,Vignero J,Russo P

更新日期：2019-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:IMRT delivery follows a planned leaf sequence, which is optimized before treatment delivery. However, it is hard to model real-time variations, such as respiration, in the planning procedure. In this paper, we propose a negative feedback system of IMRT delivery that incorporates real-time optimization to account for i...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Lu W,Chen M,Ruchala KJ,Chen Q,Langen KM,Kupelian PA,Olivera GH

更新日期：2009-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The electromagnetic spectrum contains different frequency bands useful for medical imaging and therapy. Short wavelengths (ionizing radiation) are commonly used for radiological and radionuclide imaging and for cancer radiation therapy. Intermediate wavelengths (optical radiation) are useful for more localized imaging...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Klein JS,Sun C,Pratx G

更新日期：2019-02-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The device developed by the authors and described here enables the user to measure the depth from the water surface to the point of measurement for a cylindrical ion chamber with a waterproof plastic cap in a water phantom, free of surface-tension error with a high precision. The device seeks vertical orientation and ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Tailor RC,Tello VM

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An algorithm for dynamic multileaf-collimator (dMLC) tracking of a target performing a known a priori, rigid-body motion during volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT), has been experimentally validated and applied to investigate the potential of the Agility (Elekta AB, Stockholm, Sweden) multileaf-collimator (MLC) fo...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Davies GA,Clowes P,Bedford JL,Evans PM,Webb S,Poludniowski G

更新日期：2013-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:An extensive study on specific absorption rate (SAR) covering 720 simulations and 15 voxel models (18-105 kg) has been performed by applying the parallel finite-difference time-domain method. High-resolution whole-body models have been irradiated with plane waves from 300 MHz to 5 GHz by applying various incoming dire...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Uusitupa T,Laakso I,Ilvonen S,Nikoskinen K

更新日期：2010-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Due to high noise levels in the voxel kinetics, development of reliable parametric imaging algorithms remains one of most active areas in dynamic brain PET imaging, which in the vast majority of cases involves receptor/transporter studies with reversibly binding tracers. As such, the focus of this work has been to dev...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Rahmim A,Zhou Y,Tang J,Lu L,Sossi V,Wong DF

更新日期：2012-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Reducing radiation dose in dual energy computed tomography (DECT) is highly desirable but it may lead to excessive noise in the filtered backprojection (FBP) reconstructed DECT images, which can inevitably increase the diagnostic uncertainty. To obtain clinically acceptable DECT images from low-mAs acquisitions, in th...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Zhang H,Zeng D,Lin J,Zhang H,Bian Z,Huang J,Gao Y,Zhang S,Zhang H,Feng Q,Liang Z,Chen W,Ma J

更新日期：2017-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent image guidance developments for preclinical synchrotron microbeam radiotherapy represent a necessary step for future clinical translation of the technique. Image quality can be further improved using x-ray phase contrast, which is readily available at synchrotron facilities. We here describe a methodology for p...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Pelliccia D,Crosbie JC,Larkin KG

更新日期：2016-08-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The rationale for multi-modality imaging is to integrate the strengths of different imaging technologies while reducing the shortcomings of an individual modality. The work presented here proposes a limited-field-of-view (LFOV) SPECT reconstruction technique that can be implemented on a multi-modality MR/SPECT system ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Lee KS,Roeck WW,Gullberg GT,Nalcioglu O

更新日期：2011-02-07 00:00:00

abstract：:We evaluated the basic properties of a commercially available BANGkit gel dosimeter, which is a normoxic type of BANG gel. This gel-kit has the same composition as the BANG 3 gel, but is fully oxygenated. To exclude oxygen, oxygen scavenging ascorbic acid and copper sulfate as a catalyst are used. The properties that ...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Murakami Y,Nakashima T,Watanabe Y,Akimitsu T,Matsuura K,Kenjo M,Kaneyasu Y,Wadasaki K,Hirokawa Y,Ito K

更新日期：2007-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Random coincidences can contribute substantially to the background in positron emission tomography (PET). Several estimation methods are being used for correcting them. The goal of this study was to investigate the validity of techniques for random coincidence estimation, with various low-energy thresholds (LETs). Sim...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Torres-Espallardo I,Rafecas M,Spanoudaki V,McElroy DP,Ziegler SI

更新日期：2008-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the early recognition of the potential of proton imaging to assist proton therapy (Cormack 1963 J. Appl. Phys. 34 2722), the modality is still removed from clinical practice, with various approaches in development. For proton-counting radiography applications such as computed tomography (CT), the water-equival...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Poludniowski G,Allinson NM,Anaxagoras T,Esposito M,Green S,Manolopoulos S,Nieto-Camero J,Parker DJ,Price T,Evans PM

更新日期：2014-06-07 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes end-to-end test procedures as the last fundamental step of medical commissioning before starting clinical operation of the MedAustron synchrotron-based pencil beam scanning (PBS) therapy facility with protons. One in-house homogeneous phantom and two anthropomorphic heterogeneous (head and pelvis)...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Carlino A,Gouldstone C,Kragl G,Traneus E,Marrale M,Vatnitsky S,Stock M,Palmans H

更新日期：2018-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Computed tomography images have been acquired using an experimental (low atomic number (Z) insert) megavoltage cone-beam imaging system. These images have been compared with standard megavoltage and kilovoltage imaging systems. The experimental system requires a simple modification to the 4 MeV electron beam from an E...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Roberts DA,Hansen VN,Thompson MG,Poludniowski G,Niven A,Seco J,Evans PM

更新日期：2011-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:The derivative at constant direction is frequently used in inversion of cone-beam data. Several algorithms for computing the derivative have been proposed in the literature. The best algorithm to date has been proposed recently by Noo et al (2007 Phys. Med. Biol. 52 5393-414). In this note we propose a new, simple and...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Katsevich A

更新日期：2011-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:We couple standardized low-resolution electromagnetic tomography, an inverse solution for electroencephalography (EEG) and the common spatial pattern, which is here conceived as a data-driven beamformer, to classify the benchmark BCI (brain-computer interface) competition 2003, data set IV. The data set is from an exp...

journal_title：Physics in medicine and biology

authors： Congedo M,Lotte F,Lécuyer A

更新日期：2006-04-21 00:00:00