Evidence of nonlinear pharmacokinetics of methotrexate in the rat.

abstract：:The transketolase activity (TKA) of the white and red blood cells of oral contraceptive users was studied in an unselected sample population. Compared with healthy controls of corresponding age, the white cell TKA in the oral contraceptive groups was lowered in about 30%. The red cell TKA was lowered in about 15% of...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Markkanen T,Himanen P,Peltola O

更新日期：1974-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabotropic G protein-coupled receptors have recently been recognized as targets for anesthetics and analgesics. In particular, G(q)-coupled receptors such as muscarinic M(1) receptors (M(1)R) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) type 2A receptors have been reported to be targets for anesthetics. Much less is known, howeve...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Minami K,Uezono Y,Shiraishi M,Okamoto T,Ogata J,Horishita T,Taniyama K,Shigematsu A

更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:43 patients with osteoarthritis of the knee and/or hip(s) were treated with suprofen 800 mg/day or ibuprofen 1,600 mg/day for 14 days. Both drugs produced an improvement in subjective symptoms by day 7, although the most rapid analgesic effect was obtained with suprofen. Patients receiving suprofen experienced a signi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Schuermans Y

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIMS:The present study evaluated the effects of sitagliptin-insulin against type 2 diabetes mellitus with neuropathy in rats and possible neuroprotective mechanisms. METHODS:Diabetes was induced in 32 adult male albino rats by 6-week high-fat high-sugar diet followed by streptozotocin 30 mg/kg intraperitoneal injectio...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kelany ME,Hakami TM,Omar AH,Abdallah MA

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pain and mental status were assessed in a series of 35 consecutive hospitalized patients with metastatic cancer receiving narcotics for pain that was difficult to control. Forty-five episodes of mental status impairment were detected in 27 of these patients. Fifteen patients had dose-related oversedation or organic br...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Leipzig RM,Goodman H,Gray G,Erle H,Reidenberg MM

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the rabbit, intracerebroventricular administration of dibutyryl cyclic AMP (DBC) produces fever which is selectively antagonised by phenoxybenzamine. This indicates the involvement of central alpha-adrenoceptors in DBC-induced fever. The decrease in DBC hyperthermia after 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OH-DA) supports the vi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kandasamy SB

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of 3 alpha 2-adrenergic receptor agonists on renal function in vasopressin (AVP)-deficient Brattleboro (DI) rats were evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the relative contribution of central versus peripheral alpha 2-adrenoceptors in mediating diuresis and natriuresis, as well as the role of ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Dawson R Jr,Wallace DR

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxygen radicals have been considered to be important regulatory molecules in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric ulceration and carcinogenesis. H. pylori-induced inflammation has been shown to be associated with cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression in experimental animals and human patients. This study aimed to determi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kim H,Seo JY,Kim KH

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congestive heart failure (CHF) is associated with exercise intolerance that cannot be entirely explained by hypoperfusion of the skeletal muscles. We studied the contractile properties of fast-twitch (extensor digitorum longus; EDL) and slow-twitch (soleus; SOL) skeletal muscles in doxorubicin-induced CHF in rats, and...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ertunc M,Sara Y,Korkusuz P,Onur R

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The regulatory action exerted on receptors by acebutolol, a cardioselective beta-blocker containing intrinsic sympathomimetic activity, has been investigated. beta-Adrenoceptor affinity and density of human mononuclear leukocytes were assayed in hypertensive patients before and after treatment with 400 mg/day acebutol...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Basso A,Piantanelli L,Cognini G,Giunta S,Andreoni A,Paciaroni E

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of some ergot derivatives on the electroencephalogram and behavior of laboratory animals (mice, rats, rabbits) have been surveyed. The interference of bromocriptine on the dopaminergic central systems has been studied using behavioral (interference with the effects induced by L-dopa, 5HT, TRF or neurolepti...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Longo VG,Loizzo A

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wood creosote has long been used as an antidiarrheal agent, but its mechanism of action is not well understood. To elucidate the mechanism of its antidiarrheal activity, we have addressed questions whether it inhibits fluid secretion induced by Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin (STa) in rabbit jejunum in vivo, ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Ogata N,Shibata T

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Under the specific conditions reported for the separate tests delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) did not elicit a mutagenic response in microbial and eukaryotic in vitro test systems. THC treatment to histidine auxotrophs of Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 (susceptible to frame shift mutation) and TA 100 (suscepti...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Zimmerman AM,Stich H,San R

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The protective effect of cimetidine, ranitidine and a newer H2-receptor antagonist, mifentidine (proposed INN), on models of gastric and duodenal damage, caused by activation of H2 receptors, was studied. Gastric erosions were induced in rats by intravenous dimaprit (100 mg/kg) while duodenal damage was investigated i...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Del Soldato P,Ghiorzi A,Cereda E,Donetti A

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparative study of four natural eugenol compounds found in the volatile oil fraction of Myristica fragans, namely eugenol (E), methyleugenol (ME), isoeugenol and methylisoeugenol, was carried out in mice. Using a mixture of saline + tween-80 to suspend the compounds and the intraperitoneal route, ME revealed to be...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Sell AB,Carlini EA

更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The depression of evoked cortical potentials caused by brief periods of cerebral ischemia is attenuated by prior intracarotid injection of cytidoline (2, 4 or 8 mg/kg). Studies performed in hypercapnic cats suggest that the protection afforded by cytidoline is of metabolic rather than hemodynamic origin. The participa...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Boismare F,Le Poncin M,Lefrançois J,Lecordier JC

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：AIM:Our study aimed to investigate the effect of amlodipine on bone metabolism in orchidectomized rats. METHODS:Eight-week-old rats were divided into three groups. The sham-operated control group (SHAM) and the control group after orchidectomy (ORX) received the standard laboratory diet (SLD). The experimental group a...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Gradosova I,Zivna H,Palicka V,Hubena S,Svejkovska K,Zivny P

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution of primaquine was measured in seven rat tissues at 15-180 min after the intraperitoneal injection of the antimalarial 8-aminoquinoline. The half-life of unmetabolized primaquine was 4.0 h in lung, 1.7-1.9 h in blood, spleen, kidney and heart, and 1.2 h in liver. At each interval, the concentrations of...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Holbrook DJ Jr,Griffin JB,Fowler L,Gibson BR

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Veratridine caused a positive inotropic action in the electrically driven left atria of rats. Quinacrine (a phospholipase A2 inhibitor), indomethacin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor) and aspirin (a cyclooxygenase inhibitor), but not nordihydroguaiaretic acid (a lipoxygenase inhibitor), inhibited the response to veratridin...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Morikawa M,Satake N,Shibata S,Shibata T

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of brominated flame retardants. PBDEs have been widely used in textiles, flexible polyurethane foams, electronic components, electrical components, and plastics. 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases, isoform 1 (HSD11B1) and isoform 2 (HSD11B2), have been demonstrated to ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Chen X,Dong Y,Cao S,Li X,Wang Z,Chen R,Ge RS

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study aims at investigating the effects of mannitol and dimethylthiourea, known hydroxyl radical scavengers, on lipid peroxidation as an indicative of oxidative damage, NF-kappa B activation and IL-8 production by Helicobacter pylori in gastric epithelial cells. A human gastric epithelial cell line, AGS, t...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Kim H,Seo JY,Kim KH

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Self-administration of either nicotine (NIC) or ethanol (ETH) has been extensively studied. This study addressed for the first time the self-administration of both substances when offered together. Male and female rats of different ages were offered NIC and ETH using the two- or three-bottle free-choice method. When N...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Marshall CE,Dadmarz M,Hofford JM,Gottheil E,Vogel WH

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wood creosote, a mixture of phenolic compounds, suppresses in vitro contractions of rat intestine. To identify a compound in wood creosote able to inhibit intestinal motility, we screened its constituent phenolic compounds and found 4-ethylguaiacol (4-EG) as an active compound. It suppressed the spontaneous phasic (IC...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Toyoda M,Ogata N,Shibata T

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Since beta-adrenoceptors have been shown to affect cardiac gap junction channels, we wanted to elucidate the possible effect of metoprolol on the gap junction protein connexin-43, using racemic RS-metoprolol or the isomer R-metoprolol (no beta-adrenoceptor blockade) or S-metoprolol (beta(1)-adrenoceptor...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Salameh A,Blanke K,Dhein S,Janousek J

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:In this study, we evaluated the functional impact of facilitatory presynaptic adenosine A2A and muscarinic M1 receptors in the recovery of neuromuscular tetanic depression caused by the blockage of high-affinity choline transporter (HChT) by hemicholinium-3 (HC-3), a condition that mimics a myasthenia-l...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Castellão-Santana LM,Yumi Abiko P,Ambiel CR,Peixoto AR,Noronha-Matos JB,Correia-de-Sá P,Alves-Do-Prado W

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When rat mast cells were cultured for a short period in plastic dishes and adhering cells were permeabilized with beta-escin and exposed to Ca2+ at concentrations higher than 10(-7) mol/l, histamine release was induced dose-dependently. Protein kinase C (PKC) activity in the crude extracts obtained from adhering mast ...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Izushi K,Tasaka K

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Flaxseed contains alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), lignans, and dietary fiber, and its intake lowers blood pressure in hypertensive patients. Here, we examined the effects of flaxseed powder, which includes all flaxseed components, flaxseed oil, composed mainly of ALA, flaxseed lignan, and flaxseed fiber, on...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Watanabe Y,Ohata K,Fukanoki A,Fujimoto N,Matsumoto M,Nessa N,Toba H,Kobara M,Nakata T

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Stepwise propofol target-controlled infusion (TCI) can achieve a less disturbed condition of hemodynamics and respiration. Its combination with dexmedetomidine may have some advantages for patients. We studied the effects of different loading doses of dexmedetomidine on the bispectral index (BIS)...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Wang T,Ge S,Xiong W,Zhou P,Cang J,Xue Z

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Exposure of rat portal veins to an N2-gassed buffer markedly increased 86Rb outflow. Moreover, glucose caused a pronounced reduction in 86Rb outflow from portal veins perfused with an N2-gassed buffer. Pinacidil, cromakalim and diazoxide provoked a sustained increase in 86Rb outflow. The stimulatory effect of pinacidi...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Antoine MH,Herchuelz A,Lebrun P

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND/AIMS:Putative in vitro-in vivo correlations of pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters are regarded as a prerequisite to filter hits derived from high-throughput screening (HTS) approaches for subsequent murine in vivo PK studies. METHODS:In this study, we assessed stabilities in rat and human microsomes of 121 com...

journal_title：Pharmacology

authors： Schrezenmeier E,Zollmann FS,Seidel K,Böhm C,Schmerbach K,Kroh M,Kirsch S,Klare S,Bernhard S,Kappert K,Goldin-Lang P,Skuballa W,Unger T,Funke-Kaiser H

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00