Abstract:
:Loading doses of 15 to 20 mg per kilogram of both phenobarbital and phenytoin, administered intravenously, are necessary in the newborn to achieve rapid therapeutic plasma anticonvulsant levels. Maintenance doses of 3 to 4 mg per kilogram of both agents will maintain therapeutic levels. Phenytoin is, however, not predictably absorbed by the oral route. Brain:plasma ratios were 0.71 +/- 0.21 for phenobarbital and 1.28 +/- 0.32 for phenytoin, which are in general agreement with reported adult values. The brain:plasma ratio of phenobarbital increased with gestational age. Phenytoin was found in higher concentration in gray matter, whereas phenobarbital was equally distributed between gray and white matter.
journal_name
Neurologyjournal_title
Neurologyauthors
Painter MJ,Pippenger C,Wasterlain C,Barmada M,Pitlick W,Carter G,Abern Sdoi
10.1212/wnl.31.9.1107subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-09-01 00:00:00pages
1107-12issue
9eissn
0028-3878issn
1526-632Xjournal_volume
31pub_type
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