Stress reinstates heroin-seeking in drug-free animals: an effect mimicking heroin, not withdrawal.

abstract：RATIONALE:The nicotine delivery rate is a key feature of tobacco product design, yet there have been limited human studies examining the effects of nicotine as a function of delivery rate. OBJECTIVE:We developed an intravenous nicotine infusion protocol to evaluate differential effects of nicotine delivery rate on sub...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Jensen KP,Valentine G,Gueorguieva R,Sofuoglu M

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ApolipoproteinE (ApoE) genotype has recently been identified as a major risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) but the mechanism(s) by which ApoE isoforms influence this disease remain unclear. Recent studies suggest that mice deficient in ApoE may exhibit impaired central cholinergic function. Since this neurotrans...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Anderson R,Higgins GA

更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formamidine pesticides amitraz and chlordimeform have recently been shown to be potent proconvulsants (Gilbert 1988). Two main neuroactive properties have been identified as mediators of formamidine neurotoxicity, alpha-2 adrenergic agonism and local anesthetic actions. These two proposed mechanisms of formamidine...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Gilbert ME,Mack CM

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2Beta-propanoyl-3beta-(4-tolyl)-tropane (PTT) is a cocaine analog which has been shown in rhesus monkeys to have cocaine-like discriminative stimulus effects and a long duration of action (>8 h), yet does not function as a reinforcer when substituted for cocaine in monkeys responding under a fixed-interval 5-min sched...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Birmingham AM,Nader SH,Grant KA,Davies HM,Nader MA

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES:Functional (pharmacodynamic) ethanol tolerance can be evidenced within a single session of exposure to ethanol (acute or within-session tolerance), or after repeated ethanol exposures (chronic or between-session tolerance). To investigate whether acute and chronic tolerance to ethanol are inter...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wu PH,Tabakoff B,Szabó G,Hoffman PL

更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biotransformation of phenacetin via O-deethylation to acetaminophen, an index reaction reflecting activity of Cytochrome P450-1A2, was studied in microsomal preparations from a series of human livers. Acetaminophen formation was consistent with a double Michaelis-Menten system, with low-Km (mean Km1 = 68 microM) and h...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： von Moltke LL,Greenblatt DJ,Duan SX,Schmider J,Kudchadker L,Fogelman SM,Harmatz JS,Shader RI

更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect on the activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary dopaminergic system of two new atypical antipsychotic drugs: the ergoline derivative SDZ HDC-912, which is a dopamine (DA) D2 receptor partial agonist; and the quinolinone derivative OPC-4392, which acts as an agonist at pre...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Duval F,Mokrani MC,Macher JP,Crocq MA,Castro JO,Bailey P,Lataste X

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Research was conducted to examine the ability of alcohol to impart conditioned reinforcement. Rats were allowed to self-administer solutions of either saline or alcohol (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg/infusion) by the intragastric route. Superimposed on the infusion interval was a buzzer (conditioned reinforcing stimulus). Tes...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Smith SG,Werner TE,Davis WM

更新日期：1977-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle response in mice is increasingly used as a paradigm of sensory gating with potential predictive and construct validity towards schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES:Establishment of a mouse PPI paradigm in which typical and atypical antipsychotic drugs directly improve a low perf...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Olivier B,Leahy C,Mullen T,Paylor R,Groppi VE,Sarnyai Z,Brunner D

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Clinical data with 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients recently stimulated interest on the potential therapeutic use of psychedelics in disorders characterized by maladaptive memories, including substance use disorders (SUD). The rationale for the use of ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Fattore L,Piva A,Zanda MT,Fumagalli G,Chiamulera C

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of the research implicating learning in the development of tolerance to ethanol-induced impairment has used an experimental design in which different groups receive drug either before or after an opportunity to perform an instrumental or operant task. The stronger tolerance observed in subjects who perform while ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cunningham CL,Losli SM,Risinger FO

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study employed an animal model of drug relapse in which previously extinguished heroin self-administration behavior was reinstated following a single reinforced trial. Male albino rats were trained to traverse a straight-alley for a reinforcer consisting of a single IV injection of 0.06 mg/kg diacetylmorph...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Ettenberg A,MacConell LA,Geist TD

更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:There is evidence that events early in post-weaning life influence brain development and subsequent adult behaviour and therefore play an important role in the causation of certain psychiatric disorders in later life. Exposing rodents to stressors during the juvenile period has been suggested as a model of in...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Peleg-Raibstein D,Feldon J

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing interest in subjective well-being and quality of life of schizophrenic patients represents a conceptual shift in therapeutic outcome criteria. Symptom reduction alone was the most essential outcome parameter for a long time; with the development of atypical antipsychotics more ambitious success criteria...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Karow A,Naber D

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:On the heels of clozapine, we now have a number of newer agents (risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine, sertindole, and ziprasidone). Are they all the same? What are the differences? How do we best understand them? In this article we review current clinical evidence to compare these issues on four measures of atypicalit...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Remington G,Kapur S

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) are gut derived hormones. GLP-1 and GLP-2 were shown to have pleiotropic effects in intestinal and pancreatic diseases. OBJECTIVE:We aimed to investigate the activities of GLP-1 and GLP-2 on nociception and inflammation in mice, involving th...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Aykan DA,Kesim M,Ayan B,Kurt A

更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of two dosages of rubidium chloride on exploration, locomotion, rearing and immobility were assessed for male and female rats in an exploration box and an open field. In contrast to previous findings, rubidium was found to decrease locomotion and rearing in the exploratory box, and also to decrease locomotion ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Syme GJ,Syme LA

更新日期：1979-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Initial sensitivity to drugs of abuse often predicts subsequent use and abuse, but this relationship is not always observed in human studies. Moreover, studies examining the relationship between initial locomotor sensitivity and the rewarding and reinforcing effects of drugs in animal models have also been eq...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Roberts AJ,Casal L,Huitron-Resendiz S,Thompson T,Tarantino LM

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonatal treatment with monoamine reuptake inhibitors results in a constellation of neurobehavioral alterations in adult rats that may model human depression. Since alterations in circadian rhythmicity have been reported in both depressed patients and in animal depression models, the present study examined the effects...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Rosenwasser AM,Hayes MJ

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of different doses (0.03, 0.06, 0.12, 0.25, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 mg/kg body weight) of 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeODMT) were tested on the acoustic startle reflex in rats. Beginning at 0.12 mg/kg, 5-MeODMT increased startle monotonically up to the highest dose used. 5-MeODMT still increased st...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Davis M,Astrachan DI,Gendelman PM,Gendelman DS

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine (5,7-DHT) or the vehicle was administered once into both lateral ventricles of the rat. Desmethylimipramine (DMI) was administered IP prior to the intraventricular injection of 5,7-DHT to prevent the destruction of norepinephrine (NE) terminals. Following recovery from surgery, ethanol (5 g/kg,...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lê AD,Khanna JM,Kalant H,LeBlanc AE

更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Treatment of the most widely abused drugs, nicotine and alcohol, is hampered by high rates of relapse. Varenicline tartrate, an α4β2 nicotinic receptor partial agonist, is currently prescribed as a smoking cessation aid. However, there is emerging evidence that it may also modulate alcohol seeking and cogniti...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Wouda JA,Riga D,De Vries W,Stegeman M,van Mourik Y,Schetters D,Schoffelmeer AN,Pattij T,De Vries TJ

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Antidepressants (ADs) are slow to produce their therapeutic effect. This long latency promotes the development of new strategies to short their onset of action. Previous reports indicated that 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) promotes the antidepressant-like activity of fluoxetine (FLX) and desipramine (DMI) in the fo...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Estrada-Camarena E,Rivera NM,Berlanga C,Fernández-Guasti A

更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:(+)-HA-966, a partial agonist at the glycine/NMDA modulatory site, significantly reduced i.v. cocaine self-administration in a fixed-ratio (FR) schedule. Since this effect was observed studying only one dose of cocaine and considering the characteristic bell-shaped curve generated by cocaine in self-administr...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cervo L,Cocco A,Carnovali F

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Preclinical studies suggest that acoustic startle amplitude is increased during ethanol withdrawal. The current study evaluated the effects of intravenous infusion of the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist, yohimbine (0.4 mg/kg), the serotonin partial agonist m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP, 0.1 mg/kg), and placebo administ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Krystal JH,Webb E,Grillon C,Cooney N,Casal L,Morgan CA 3rd,Southwick SM,Davis M,Charney DS

更新日期：1997-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Electrophysiological studies have identified a scalp potential, the late positive potential (LPP), which is modulated by the emotional intensity of observed stimuli. Previous work has shown that the LPP reflects the modulation of activity in extrastriate visual cortical structures, but little is known about t...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： de Rover M,Brown SB,Boot N,Hajcak G,van Noorden MS,van der Wee NJ,Nieuwenhuis S

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The neurochemical specificity of physiological, biochemical, and psychological responses to dextroamphetamine was tested by pretreating volunteers with haloperidol (0.014 mg/kg IM), propranolol (0.1 mg/kg IV), thymoxamine (0.1 mg/kg IV), or placebo prior to 0.3 mg/kg IV amphetamine. Healthy volunteers (N = 12) partici...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nurnberger JI Jr,Simmons-Alling S,Kessler L,Jimerson S,Schreiber J,Hollander E,Tamminga CA,Nadi NS,Goldstein DS,Gershon ES

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:In animal studies, the common club drug 3,4-methylendioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "Ecstasy") consistently caused a prolonged loss of presynaptic serotonergic neurons, and evidence suggests that MDMA consumption may also affect the human serotonergic system. Serotonin (5-HT) has been implicated in the regulation...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Quednow BB,Kühn KU,Hoppe C,Westheide J,Maier W,Daum I,Wagner M

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Observing responses bring sensory receptors into contact with environmental stimuli. In the observing-response procedure, periods in which an operant response (e.g. pressing a lever) is reinforced by drug deliveries alternate with periods in which this response is never reinforced (i.e. extinction). These alt...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Shahan TA

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sixteen healthy volunteers were administered midazolam followed by placebo or the benzodiazepine antagonist, flumazenil, in a double-blind, cross-over study. Flumazenil reversed midazolam-induced sedation on the subjective, psychophysiological and motor indices used. In contrast, there was little evidence of any rever...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Curran HV,Birch B

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00