Stimuli produced by observing responses make rats' ethanol self-administration more resistant to price increases.

abstract：:The behavioral responses to separate and combined administration of the D1 agonist SKF-38393 and the D2 agonist quinpirole following acute dopamine (DA) depletion via alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine (AMPT) or AMPT/reserpine were examined in infant (10-day-old) and weanling (21-day-old) rat pups. At both ages, AMPT pretreatmen...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Moody CA,Spear LP

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability of 5-HT1 receptor agonists to modulate a chemically induced defence response has been studied in Lister hooded rats. Microinjections of the excitatory amino acid D,L-homocysteic acid (DLH) in both rostral and caudal dorsal periaqueductal gray matter (PAG) caused explosive motor behaviour characteristic of ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Beckett SR,Lawrence AJ,Marsden CA,Marshall PW

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Direct activation of the cannabinoid CB1 receptor in the dorsolateral periaqueductal gray (dlPAG) inhibits anxiety- and panic-related behaviours in experimental animals. It has remained unclear, however, whether the local endocannabinoid signalling is recruited as a protective mechanism against aversive stimu...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Viana TG,Hott SC,Resstel LB,Aguiar DC,Moreira FA

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine if multiple aspects of drug and food-reinforced behavior could be measured in a single study. Drug or food seeking can be observed under four conditions: 1) internal drug or food cues and external stimulus cues present; self-administration, 2) only internal cues present; prim...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Foltin RW,Evans SM

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The contribution of dopamine receptor subtypes in mediating the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine is not fully established. Many drug discrimination studies use food to maintain responding, necessitating food restriction, which can alter drug effects. OBJECTIVE:This study established stimulus contro...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Baladi MG,Newman AH,France CP

更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Conditioned behavioral responses to discrete drug-associated cues can be modulated by the environmental context in which those cues are experienced, a process that may facilitate relapse in humans. Rodent models of drug self-administration have been adapted to reveal the capacity of contexts to trigger drug s...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Chaudhri N,Sahuque LL,Janak PH

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The cerebral microdialysis technique has been widely used to monitor the release of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT). The extracellular concentration of 5-HT has generally been shown to change after pharmacological manipulation as expected. Extracellular levels of the metabolite, 5-hydroxyindoleaceticacid (5-HIAA) ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stenfors C,Ross SB

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigeons trained under a two-key drug discrimination procedure eventually learned to discriminate 5 mg/kg phenytoin from saline injections. When 1.25-20 mg/kg doses of phenytoin were substituted for the training dose, the percentage of responses directed to the phenytoin-appropriate key varied directly with dose. Chlor...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Krafft K,Cleary J,Poling A

更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a one-trial step-through passive avoidance task, pretraining administration of ethanol was shown to decrease the latencies to step through at both training (day 1) and testing (day 2) for both rats and mice. A detailed analysis of these effects showed that they differed from those reported previously by others. The...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bammer G,Chesher GB

更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Physostigmine (1.0mg) or placebo were administered intravenously over 1-h period to seven male normal volunteers beginning 35 min after sleep onset. The results indicate that physostigmine induced the onset of REM sleep but did not significantly alter the duration of individual REM sleep periods. Physostigmine signifi...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Gillin JC,Sitaram N,Mendelson WB,Wyatt RJ

更新日期：1978-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Progabide inhibited male rat sexual behavior at a dose of 200 mg/kg. This dose had only modest effects on ambulatory activity and no effect at all on motor coordination as evaluated by a rotarod test. The GABAA antagonist bicuculline, at a dose of 1 mg/kg, blocked the effects of progabide on sex behavior. In contrast,...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Agmo A,Paredes RG,Sierra L,Garcés I

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The [14C]-2-deoxyglucose method was used to map the in vivo metabolic response of glucose to savoxepine, a novel tetracyclic cyano-dibenzoxepino-azepine. Savoxepine is reported to have higher affinity for dopamine (DA) receptors in the hippocampus than in the striatum and hence should have dose-dependent, anatomically...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Cascella NG,Tarazi FI,Shirakawa O,Tamminga CA

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the role of D1 dopamine receptors in the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine, two rhesus monkeys were trained in a two-lever, food-reinforced, drug discrimination paradigm to discriminate cocaine (0.2 mg/kg, IM) from saline. Administration of various doses of cocaine resulted in a dose-related in...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kleven MS,Anthony EW,Goldberg LI,Woolverton WL

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Drug addiction is a chronically relapsing disorder characterised by compulsive drug use and loss of control over drug intake. Although several theories propose impulsivity as a key component of addiction, the precise nature of this relationship remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:This study aims to investigate the s...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kolokotroni KZ,Rodgers RJ,Harrison AA

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study compared the ability of the novel atypical antipsychotic olanzapine with that of clozapine to reverse the d-amphetamine-induced inhibition of substantia nigra (A9) and ventral tegmental area (A10) dopamine (DA) cells. Extracellular single-unit recordings were made from A9 and A10 DA cells in anesthetized ra...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Stockton ME,Rasmussen K

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Consistent sex differences are observed in human drug addiction, with females often exceeding males on drug intake. However, there is still a need for animal models for some aspects of addiction such as acquisition of drug self-administration and the subsequent development of drug-seeking. OBJECTIVES:The pre...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Swalve N,Smethells JR,Carroll ME

更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Delivering nicotine in the way smokers seek is likely to be the key factor in e-cigarette (EC) success in replacing cigarettes. We examined to what degree different types of EC mimic nicotine intake from cigarettes. METHODS:Twelve participants ('dual users' of EC and cigarettes) used their own brand cigaret...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Hajek P,Przulj D,Phillips A,Anderson R,McRobbie H

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To confirm the conclusions from a previous study supporting the usefullness of electropupillogram (E.P.G.) in predicting clinical response, data from three separate studies with hyperkinetic and learning disabled (L.D.) children treated with stimulants were surveyed. Change in extent of pupillary contraction (E.C.) af...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Bhatara V,Arnold LE,Knopp W,Smeltzer DJ

更新日期：1978-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:There is much evidence suggesting that the mesoamygdala dopaminergic (DAergic) system plays a crucial role in the formation and expression of fear conditioning, with both D1 and D2 receptors being involved. In addition, cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R) signaling modulates DAergic pathways. The present study sought to d...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Nasehi M,Hajian M,Ebrahimi-Ghiri M,Zarrindast MR

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The novel nicotinic agonist 1-acetyl-4-methylpiperazine (AMP) has been studied in ligand-binding and behavioural studies. AMP methiodide potently inhibited [3H]-(-)-nicotine and [125I]-alpha-bungarotoxin binding to P2 membranes from rat brain and [125I]-alpha-bungarotoxin binding to rat skeletal muscles. AMP HCl also ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Garcha HS,Thomas P,Spivak CE,Wonnacott S,Stolerman IP

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:We recently demonstrated that blocking specific nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) abolishes the conditioned reinforcing properties of ethanol-associated cues in rat, suggesting nAChRs as promising pharmacological targets for prevention of cue-induced relapse. OBJECTIVES:The present study investigate...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Löf E,Olausson P,Stomberg R,Taylor JR,Söderpalm B

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute phase protein that is released in response to inflammatory stimuli, is implicated in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the role of CRP in memory deficits associated with AD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:Experiments were carried out to determine whether CRP impaired memory and...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lin HB,Yang XM,Li TJ,Cheng YF,Zhang HT,Xu JP

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies indicate that some aspects of memory can be enhanced by the administration of oxygen or glucose. Considering the dependency of glucose metabolism upon oxygen supply, the present study predicted that administering a combination of 100% oxygen with glucose would have greater memory-enhancing effects than ...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Winder R,Borrill J

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Contemporary animal models of cocaine addiction focus on increasing the amount of drug consumption to produce addiction-like behavior. However, another critical factor is the temporal pattern of consumption, which in humans is characterized by intermittency, both within and between bouts of use. OBJECTIVE:To...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Kawa AB,Bentzley BS,Robinson TE

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Like other monoamine releasers such as D-amphetamine, chronic treatment with phenmetrazine can attenuate cocaine self-administration in monkeys. OBJECTIVES:The present studies extended this finding to rodents and to cocaine-primed reinstatement, a putative laboratory animal model of relapse. METHODS:In expe...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Czoty PW,Tran P,Thomas LN,Martin TJ,Grigg A,Blough BE,Beveridge TJ

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Cannabis (CB) use and dependence are associated with regionally specific alterations to brain circuitry and substantial psychosocial impairment. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to investigate the association between CB use and dependence, and the volumes of brain regions critically involved in goa...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Chye Y,Solowij N,Suo C,Batalla A,Cousijn J,Goudriaan AE,Martin-Santos R,Whittle S,Lorenzetti V,Yücel M

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to assess the contribution of cerebellar effects of ethanol to the production of ataxia, "nervous" (nr/nr) and control (nr/+ or +/+) C3H mice were tested for locomotor ability 2 min after being given intraperitoneal ethanol injections. The nr/nr mice suffer from loss of most of their cerebellar Purkinje cells...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Northup LR

更新日期：1976-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects of concomitant administration of alprazolam and fluoxetine were studied in this double-blind parallel study in 80 healthy, male volunteers. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of four treatment groups. Drug treatments consisted of 4-day regimens of 1 mg alprazolam fou...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Lasher TA,Fleishaker JC,Steenwyk RC,Antal EJ

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:A cue-modulated startle test recently confirmed that smoking cues in smokers may not be withdrawal-like and aversive as traditionally believed. OBJECTIVE:Analogous tests were applied to alcohol cues in inpatient alcoholics. METHODS:Twenty-six withdrawn alcoholics (18 men) were examined. Alcohol-related pict...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Mucha RF,Geier A,Stuhlinger M,Mundle G

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Responding maintained under progressive ratio (PR) and fixed ratio (FR 160) schedules of IV saline or cocaine (0.01-4.0 mg/kg) injections was studied in baboons. Each injection was followed by a time-out period which was 3-h with the PR schedule and was either 3 or 12 with the FR schedule. On the PR schedule the ratio...

journal_title：Psychopharmacology

authors： Griffiths RR,Bradford LD,Brady JV

更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00