Abstract：
BACKGROUND:The relationship between smoking regulations at the workplace and smoking habits was assessed among public-sector employees in southern Germany. METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted among 931 employees who were working under three different, long-existing types of smoking regulations: (a) no restrictions at all, (b) a requirement that employees make their own agreement, and (c) a general prohibition of smoking. RESULTS:Smoking prevalence was lower among employees at workplaces with smoking restrictions (24.8 and 29.2% for workplaces with the agreement policy and the general smoking ban, respectively) than among other employees (31.4%), but these differences were not statistically significant. Large and highly statistically significant (P < 0.001) differences were found, however, in the average numbers of cigarettes smoked per day by active smokers. The mean number ranged from 20.5 in smokers without worksite restrictions to 14.1 and 13.2 in smokers working under the agreement policy and the general smoking ban, respectively. These differences persisted after multivariable control for potential confounders. CONCLUSION:Despite inherent limitations of the cross-sectional study design, our results suggest that regulation of smoking at the workplace may help active smokers substantially reduce their daily cigarette consumption. Such regulations might therefore be very effective public health measures.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Brenner H,Fleischle Bdoi
10.1006/pmed.1994.1031subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-03-01 00:00:00pages
230-4issue
2eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(84)71031-0journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Underutilization of breast and cervical cancer screening has been observed in many ethnic groups and underserved populations. Effective community-based interventions are needed to eliminate disparities in screening rates and thus to improve prospects for survival. METHODS:The Breast and Cervical Cancer Inte...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.2001.0871
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We aimed to assess the effectiveness of 'Paesaggi di Prevenzione', a school-based prevention program delivered by trained teachers and designed to tackle smoking, alcohol misuse, dietary risks, and physical inactivity in adolescence. We evaluated the program between 2010 and 2013 with a two-arm, parallel-group, multic...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.001
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effectiveness of a community based participatory research (CBPR) developed, multi-level smoking cessation intervention among women in subsidized housing neighborhoods in the Southeastern US. METHODS:A total of n=409 women in 14 subsidized housing neighborhoods in Georgia and South Carolina pa...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.07.008
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use among children with current asthma. DESIGN:We analyzed data from the Asthma Call Back Survey (ACBS) 2006-2008. ACBS is a follow-up to the state-based Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey that collects informat...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.10.007
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While the effects of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on mortality and specific diseases are well established, their effects on ill health more generally are less known. Using two national, longitudinal surveys, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking and other modifiable ri...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2001.0991
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We report prevalence rates and correlates of cigarette smoking among a population-based sample of Chinese- and Filipino-American adults together with rates found in other racial/ethnic groups in California. METHODS:All analyses are based on the 2001 California Health Interview Survey. RESULTS:The proportio...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.01.014
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the nutrition-related cancer prevention attitudes of low-income African American women, determine whether a nutrition education program can alter these attitudes, and determine whether these attitudes are related to diet and dietary changes. METHOD:One-hundred and fifty-seven African American ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.05.006
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One explanation for the increasing smoking-related health inequalities is the limited access of lower socioeconomic status (SES) smokers to smoking cessation support. In order to understand this limited access - and to eventually improve accessibility - we provide a structured overview of the barriers that lower SES s...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.03.029
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Because of the ban on oral contraceptive use in Japan, only high-dose combined pills (HDCP), permitted as treatment for menstrual disorders, can be used as a contraceptive. We determined the prevalence of the use of such preparations in a community in Japan and assessed the health characteristics of the user...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0176
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the association between fast-food restaurant density and adult body mass index (BMI) in Canada. METHODS:Individual-level BMI and confounding variables were obtained from the 2007-2008 Canadian Community Health Survey master file. Locations of the fast-food and full-service chain restaurants an...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2013.07.002
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recognition that early sun exposure is an important risk factor for cutaneous melanoma in white populations has led to efforts to reduce children's sun exposure. 'Kidskin' was a non-randomized, school-based sun protection intervention trial in Perth, Western Australia (1995-1999). Its aim was to determine th...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2005.11.002
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the influence of neighborhood environment on childhood overweight and obesity in Shelby County Schools, Tennessee, and whether and to what extent that influence varies by age, gender, and the specific environment characteristics. 41,283 students were surveyed covering both individual-level covariates and se...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.12.021
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examined the joint influence of work- and household-related variables on smoking behavior among a population representative sample of blue-collar workers with live-in partners. METHODS:The study used data on 1389 blue-collar workers from the Tobacco Use Supplement to the United States Current Popu...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.12.005
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We summarize here the evidence from the 1960s and 1970s of exceptionally high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Finland. In parallel with voluntary and governmental prevention programs, the level of risk factors and CVD attack rates have shown dramatic improvement in the past 25 years, but the decline has slowed...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1999.0403
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While a growing body of evidence suggest that social capital including interpersonal trust and reciprocity might be associated with mental health outcomes, few studies have explored the relationship with suicidal behaviors. This research examined the prospective association between interpersonal trust and reciprocity ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.02.023
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of all the neurotoxins, lead is the longest known and best understood. Because we know so much about what it does, where it is, and what is required to remove it from the presence of children, lead poisoning should also be one of the easiest diseases to eradicate. Despite this, progress in the primary prevention of ch...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1105
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate whether political mistrust in the Riksdag (the national parliament in Sweden) is an independent characteristic of cannabis smokers, or whether it reflects low confidence in people in general, and therefore low social capital. METHOD:The 2004 public health survey in Skåne is a cross-sectional p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.02.003
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Physical activity has been shown to attenuate the association between overweight/obesity and mortality. Much less is known, however, on how the duration of overweight/obesity potentially alters this association, which was the purpose of this study. METHODS:The 1999-2006 NHANES was used and 11,057 adults (ag...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.002
更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skin cancer presents a significant public health burden in Australia. The present study aimed to supplement population-based estimates of sun protection behaviour by examining setting-specific trends in directly observed sun protection in public outdoor leisure settings. Repeated cross-sectional observational surveys ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2020.106230
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tobacco smoking and obesity are leading causes of preventable morbidity and mortality in the US, and primary care physicians are the main source of preventive care. However, it is not known whether access for new patients is affected by an expression of interest in preventive care. In a 2015 audit, we called US primar...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.04.031
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether prevalence of active commuting and regular car trips to school varies across communities and language regions in Switzerland and to determine personal and environmental correlates. METHODS:During the school year 2004/2005, 1345 parental questionnaires (response rate 65%) of children attendi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of eight adverse lifestyle risk factors which are linked to increased morbidity and mortality was determined. Smoking, excess alcohol use, obesity, lack of exercise, lack of seatbelt use, use of hazardous transportation vehicles, and inadequate rest were studied. A random sample of 147 patients from a p...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(90)90051-k
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to investigate the pedometer-assessed physical activity of Singaporean youths using an objective measurement of physical activity. METHODS AND RESULTS:Pedometer step count was monitored over the entire week in 877 participants aged 9-18 years in three schooling cohorts [primary (age,...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.004
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fast food (FF) industry has expanded rapidly in China during the past two decades, in parallel with an increase in the prevalence of obesity. Using government-reported longitudinal data from 21 provinces and cities in China, this study examined the growth over time and the spatial distribution patterns of the FF i...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.07.002
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malaria continues to be among the top causes of death in children and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are considered among the most effective malaria control methods. However, information on the association between universal ITN coverage and infant mortality is limited. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to M...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105790
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This paper estimates the rates of lifetime nonreceipt of influenza immunization among elderly and examines variations in the lifetime nonreceipt of immunization by gender, race and ethnic group, socioeconomic status, access to health care, and health status. METHODS:Cross-sectional, nationally representative...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.07.017
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Missed childhood vaccination opportunities have been generally described, yet not since the immunization schedule's recent rapid expansion. Little is known about the relationship between the number of vaccine doses due and whether all scheduled doses are administered, and the effect of dose deferral on immun...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.12.001
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoking has been associated with increased risk for prostate cancer in 2/13 case-control studies and 4/12 cohort studies conducted on this topic. The relationship between tobacco smoking and prostate cancer was further studied in a hospital-based case-control study in northern Italy. METHODS:Two h...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1993.1033
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sunburn is associated with an increased risk for skin cancer. Denmark has one of the highest incidences of melanoma in the world, although it is a relatively northern country. The objective of this study was to determine whether sunburn is associated with demographic factors and health behaviour among young Danes. Cro...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.009
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the U.S. Navy mandated Total Quality Leadership (TQL) as a management strategy throughout its medical department in the early 1990s, it was unknown to what extent it was being used for health promotion activities and, if so, how effectively. METHODS:A brief mail survey of 204 Navy commands suppleme...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.2000.0665
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
