Abstract:
:Malaria continues to be among the top causes of death in children and insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) are considered among the most effective malaria control methods. However, information on the association between universal ITN coverage and infant mortality is limited. A Cox proportional hazard model was applied to Malawi Demographic and Health Surveys to determine the association between ITN access and use and infant mortality between 2004 and 2015-2016. The overall infant mortality rate for the entire period was 47.9/1000 live births. Infants from the ITN-user households exhibited a lower risk of mortality [adjusted Hazard Ratio (aHR) = 0.61, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 0.44-0.85] than those from the ITN-nonuser households. Similarly, the infants from the high-access households exhibited a lower risk of death (aHR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.46-0.86) than those from the no-access households. Infants from the ITN-user and high-access households exhibited a significantly lower risk of death (aHR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.40-0.82) than those from the ITN-nonuser and no-access households. The relationship between ITN access and use and infant mortality was significant among female infants with a second or higher birth order and interval of ≥2 years. The findings of the present population-based study emphasized the importance of ITN access and use in providing optimal protection against malaria to infants in Malawi. Malaria control programs should ensure high ITN access and use in Malawi to reduce infant mortality.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Nkoka O,Chuang TW,Chen YHdoi
10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105790subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
105790eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(19)30266-Xjournal_volume
127pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Perinatal smoking, including smoking during pregnancy and postpartum smoking relapse, is a persistent public health problem. While childhood trauma has been linked to perinatal smoking, less is known about the association with more proximal stressful life events (SLEs). The objective of this study was to examine the a...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.11.012
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Obesity is associated with several chronic conditions, increased medical costs, and premature death. Proper assessment of changes in body weight is crucial to control the spread of obesity. We used data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to explore how adults in the United States recall their...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.04.019
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using participants (N = 1733) drawn from the nationally representative longitudinal Young Finns Study (YFS) we estimate the effect of education on depressive symptoms. In 2007, when the participants were between 30 and 45 years old, they reported their depressive symptoms using a revised version of Beck's Depression I...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.026
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To target youth smoking, the impact of a local tobacco retail permit was evaluated on the number and location of tobacco retailers, and on the level of enforcement and compliance with tobacco sales regulations from 2010 to 2012 within unincorporated Santa Clara County, California. METHODS:Geographic Informat...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.01.023
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group Health Cooperative (GHC) of Puget Sound is a prepaid health plan with 285,000 enrollees and 340 physicians. In 1978 a "criterion analysis" approach was instituted to develop medical staff recommendations about preventive care. By 1979, two recommendations evolved discouraging the "routine" use of: (a) chest X ra...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(83)90247-5
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primordial prevention seeks to prevent future disease by influencing its social determinants. Henry Blackburn's writings are prime portrayals of social factors causing premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). His classic paper, Diet and Mass Hyperlipidemia, identified changes needed in professional attitudes, medical e...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1998.0474
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Medical illness has often been thought to provide smokers with motivation to quit smoking. However, the actual impact that illness and hospitalization has on smokers' interest in cessation is not clear. Further, little is known about the role that hospital staff play in encouraging cessation. METHODS:This a...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(92)90024-c
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous research has shown significant associations between depression and substance use and eating disordered behaviors. However, no research to date has described associations between depressive symptoms and nutritional intake or physical activity among adolescents in a nonclinical, population-based sampl...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.12.028
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our objective was to create and explore potential uses of a composite "Healthy Lifestyle" measure based on Healthy People 2020 (HP2020) Objectives for behaviors shown to be associated with morbidity and mortality. METHODS:Data were from the 2013 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (N=412,942) on five...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.12.005
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aims of the study were to analyse the association of television viewing, physical activity (PA), and multimorbidity; and to understand if PA attenuates or eliminates the detrimental associations between television viewing and multimorbidity. This is a cross-sectional study based on data from the European Social Su...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.01.015
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Missed childhood vaccination opportunities have been generally described, yet not since the immunization schedule's recent rapid expansion. Little is known about the relationship between the number of vaccine doses due and whether all scheduled doses are administered, and the effect of dose deferral on immun...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.12.001
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of age and study period on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk attributable to cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS:A cohort of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-free randomly participants from Girona (Spain) aged 35-74 years recruited in 1995 and 2000 and followed for an average of 6.9 year...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.012
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The agenda for behavioral and social science research in cancer prevention and control needs to be assessed and interpreted within the context of a changing health care system. These changes present potential opportunities and barriers to an evolving research agenda. Opportunities include access to defined populations...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/pmed.1997.0207
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared changes in academic achievement across 3years between children in elementary schools receiving the Academic Achievement and Physical Activity Across the Curriculum intervention (A+PAAC), in which classroom teachers were trained to deliver academic lessons using moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA)...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.02.006
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Participant recruitment is an understudied part of health research. It can be a limiting factor and can affect the external validity of a study. This study compares two recruitment methods, active and passive, used to recruit university seniors into a health promotion study. METHODS:During active recruitmen...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1998.0327
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Underutilization of breast and cervical cancer screening has been observed in many ethnic groups and underserved populations. Effective community-based interventions are needed to eliminate disparities in screening rates and thus to improve prospects for survival. METHODS:The Breast and Cervical Cancer Inte...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1006/pmed.2001.0871
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neighborhood characteristics have been associated with obesity, but less is known whether relationships vary by race/ethnicity. This study examined the relationship between soda consumption - a behavior strongly associated with obesity - and weight status with neighborhood sociodemographic, social, and built environme...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.11.029
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few factors related to healthy or unhealthy eating habits in low-income, ethnic minority groups have been identified. In this study, factors associated with healthy and unhealthy eating habits and intent to change eating habits were examined in a sample of low-income Black and Latino women. METHODS:Survey q...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1994.1134
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We summarize here the evidence from the 1960s and 1970s of exceptionally high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Finland. In parallel with voluntary and governmental prevention programs, the level of risk factors and CVD attack rates have shown dramatic improvement in the past 25 years, but the decline has slowed...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0403
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A previous evaluation of the Mongolian hepatitis B virus (HBV) infant vaccination program showed that only 70% of rural subjects developed protective antibody levels compared to 94% of urban subjects. The difference is likely due to damaged vaccine being administered to rural infants. HBV vaccine is heat-sta...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.01.029
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine physicians' beliefs about the pelvic examination and identify physician characteristics associated with routine use of this procedure in the United States. METHODS:A total of 1250 United States family/general practitioners, internists, and obstetrician/gynecologists who participated in the 2009 Do...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.03.012
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adequate care for patients with cardiovascular risks requires an adequate practice organization. Educational outreach visits are a promising approach to modifying professional behavior. We aimed to assess whether the quality of cardiovascular preventive care in general practice can be improved through a comp...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1006/pmed.2002.1095
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the prevalence of weight gain among male and female college freshmen. METHODS:Study 1 examined weight change over freshman and sophomore years among 904 students attending a state university in Indiana, from 2002-2004. Study 2 examined weight and BMI change over the freshman year among 382 students...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.12.009
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This paper presents reliability and validity analyses of physical activity-related psychosocial questionnaires completed by 8- to 10-year-old African-American girls at baseline and follow-up assessments of pilot intervention studies in the Girls health Enrichment Multi-site Study (GEMS). METHODS:Two hundred...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.12.030
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study evaluated the effects of a school-based dietary intervention program to increase fruit and vegetable consumption among fourth-graders. METHODS:Twenty-eight elementary schools were randomized to an immediate intervention condition or to a delayed intervention control condition. Measures of diet an...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1006/pmed.1999.0630
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The study examined the association of neighborhood walkability to multiple activity-related outcomes and BMI among adolescents and evaluated socioeconomic status as an effect modifier. METHOD:Cross-sectional study, with adolescents recruited from neighborhoods that met criteria for a 2 × 2 matrix defined ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.02.009
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:METHODS:Serum lipoprotein profiles in 4,231 individuals, ages 5-26 years, were studied cross-sectionally in a biracial community to describe the race- and gender-specific changes from adolescence into young adulthood. RESULTS:White children and adolescents of both genders showed significantly higher covariates--adjust...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0091-7435(91)90063-a
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many primary care practices do not have systematic protocols to identify patients who smoke or to encourage clinicians to provide smoking cessation advice. We designed a study to assess the relative effectiveness of two brief interventions on screening for smoking, physician cessation advice and patient smok...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.09.045
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study is to provide, for the United States, estimates for gun-owning and non-owning households in terms of firearm and non-firearm suicides and suicide attempts. To make these ballpark estimates I combine a half-dozen known "facts" about suicide (e.g., households with firearms are at approximately 3× ...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.12.003
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although the disease consequences of cigarette smoking are well documented, smoking may also be associated with increased risk of injury. Our purpose is to provide an overview of this potential association. METHODS:We conducted a literature review. RESULTS:Cigarettes are the leading cause of death from fir...
journal_title:Preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1006/pmed.1994.1070
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00