Abstract：
BACKGROUND:While the effects of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on mortality and specific diseases are well established, their effects on ill health more generally are less known. Using two national, longitudinal surveys, the objective of this study was to analyze the effect of smoking and other modifiable risk factors on ill health, defined in a multidimensional fashion (i.e., disability, impaired mobility, health care utilization, and self-reported health). METHODS:The analyses were based on the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (12,652 persons 50-60 years old surveyed in 1992, 1994, 1996, and 1998) and the Asset and Health Dynamics among the Oldest Old survey (8,124 persons 60-70 years old surveyed in 1993, 1996, and 1998). RESULTS:Smoking was strongly related to mortality and to ill health, with similar relative effects in the middle-aged and the elderly. There were consistent adverse dose-response relationships between smoking and ill health in the HRS. Persons who had quit smoking at least 15 years prior to the survey were no more likely than never smokers to experience ill health. A dose-response relationship was found between exercise and ill health. For body mass index and alcohol, there were U-shaped relationships with ill health. CONCLUSIONS:Public health efforts designed to encourage smoking cessation should emphasize improvements in ill health in addition to decreased mortality.
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Østbye T,Taylor DH,Jung SHdoi
10.1006/pmed.2001.0991subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-03-01 00:00:00pages
334-45issue
3eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091743501909910journal_volume
34pub_type
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journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1994.1031
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.02.015
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journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0152
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.03.012
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.04.023
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(83)90211-6
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pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
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更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.07.007
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
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