Abstract:
:A two-period, crossover trial was conducted in the hypobaric chamber on human subjects to compare the influence of inflight exercise (experimental) and restricted activity (control) on altitude decompression sickness (DCS) during simulated extravehicular activities. Out of 39 pairs (total of 78 exposures), 4 cases of DCS occurred under control and 5 occurred under experimental conditions. Analysis of the crossover results showed that the P values for differences in DCS occurrence was 0.56. Under these circumstances, it was necessary to decide whether additional information would be obtained by accruing more subjects. This problem was examined by using a skew sequential design in which the "stopping rule" was based on an alpha of 0.05 (one-sided) and power of 80%. The result of this analysis was in favor of the null hypothesis, and the trial was terminated. The authors recommend the use of similar stopping rules in aerospace trials to optimize sample size without compromising statistical validity.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Kumar KV,Powell MR,Waligora JMdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb02012.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-06-01 00:00:00pages
596-8issue
6eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
34pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章abstract::Rasagiline is an irreversible monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitor indicated for the treatment of the signs and symptoms of idiopathic Parkinson disease as initial monotherapy and as adjunct therapy to levodopa. Pharmacologic inhibition of monoamine oxidase type A (MAO-A), but not MAO-B, poses a risk of the "che...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0091270011406279
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a sensitive and specific radioimmunoassay the pharmacokinetic disposition of clonidine was determined in hypertensive patients after a single dose and then after 5, 28 and 56 days of chronic dosing with 75 micrograms bd. Following a single dose of clonidine maximal plasma concentrations of 0.34 +/- 0.06 ng/ml we...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03335.x
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin-6 receptor, holds the potential for treating coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, particularly those at high risk of cytokine storm syndrome. However, data regarding the clinical impact of treatment with TCZ in patients with COVID-19...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1787
更新日期:2021-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of lovastatin given before percutaneous coronary angioplasty (PTCA) on early restenosis was investigated in men with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia. Thirty-four hypercholesterolemic patients (serum LDL cholesterol 130-200 mg/dL) undergoing their first PTCA completed a 6-month prospective, double-blin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb05017.x
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent an innovative therapeutic approach that provides novel treatment options and hope for patients with cancer. By coupling monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to cytotoxic small-molecule payloads with a plasma-stable linker, ADCs offer the potential for increased drug specificity and fe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcph.981
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::As part of a clinical trial investigating the level of nicotine replacement with different doses of transdermal therapy for smoking cessation, urine excretion rates of nicotine and cotinine were measured in 70 subjects while they were actively smoking (baseline) and for 6 consecutive inpatient days while they were rec...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1998.tb05788.x
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antihypertensive effect of a new beta-adrenergic receptor blocker, l-bunolol, was evaluated in 11 hospitalized hypertensive patients of whom four belonged to the high-renin, five to the normal-renin, and two to the low-renin subgroup. There was a significant decrease in blood pressure in most patients, often to no...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1977.tb04615.x
更新日期:1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of diazepam (DZ) and desmethyldiazepam (DMDZ) were determined quantitatively in the brain, skeletal muscle, heart, liver, lung, fat, adrenal gland, and kidney in 14 autopsied patients who had been treated with DZ or clorazepate (a DMDZ prodrug) during their hospital course. To facilitate interpatient co...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1985.tb02888.x
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The increased availability of chemical intermediates and automated instrumentation has resulted in expanded use of stable isotopes for bioavailability and bioequivalence studies in recent years. Initially, stable isotopes were confined to the labeling of mass internal standard compounds for gas chromatography/mass spe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb03551.x
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a double-blind, randomized, crossover study in ten patients with asthma, the effects on specific airway resistance of esmolol, a new ultra-short-acting beta 1-selective adrenoceptor blocker, were compared with those of placebo. Specific airway resistance was measured during increasing doses of esmolol infusion, dur...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02929.x
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of sulindac, a purported "renal sparing" nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and its effects on renal function and prostaglandin excretion in patients with reduced glomerular filtration rate. Twelve female patients (glomerular filtration rate 37 +/- 4 mL/...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03275.x
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pentoxifylline, a nonselective phosphodiesterase inhibitor, has immunomodulatory activity in vitro and in vivo and potentiates the suppressive effects of glucocorticoids and cyclosporine on lymphocyte proliferation in vitro. Since phosphodiesterase isotypes 3 and 4 predominate in lymphocytes, the authors measured the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00912709922008443
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study of the relationship between dose and plasma concentration of verapamil, controlled-release verapamil in doses of 120 mg, 180 mg, 360 mg, and 540 mg were examined. The 48 study subjects received verapamil daily during each of the 4 sequential 5-day dosing segments. Blood samples were collected frequently ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1996.tb04148.x
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microdialysis is a technique that allows the measurement of free antibiotic concentrations in different tissues, which are responsible for the antibacterial activity at the infection site. In an open, randomized, 2-way crossover study in healthy volunteers, the muscle penetration of orally administered cefpodoxime (40...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270004273679
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analgesic activity of buprenorphine was monitored versus that of morphine in a double-blind, randomized, multiple-dose, parallel-design study involving 97 postsurgical patients. Patients could receive intramuscular injections of either buprenorphine (0.3, o.45, or 0.6 mg) or morphine (10, 15, or 20 mg) every 3 or ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02158.x
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The safety and efficacy of intravenous (i.v.) torsemide as adjunctive therapy for acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema was evaluated. Thirteen patients were treated with i.v. torsemide and six patients, with i.v. furosemide, as a positive control. Doses of torsemide, 20 mg or 40 mg, and furosemide, 40 mg or 80 mg, were a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1994.tb01985.x
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::An equation is derived to estimate mean steady state serum concentration (Css) from trough steady state serum concentration (Cmin) which can be used for drugs with either linear or nonlinear pharmacokinetic properties. In 15 subjects receiving phenytoin monotherapy, estimated Css did not differ significantly from meas...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03612.x
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty young (45 years or younger) and 20 older (55 years or older) adult patients with mild hypertension were enrolled in this study to compare the hemodynamic effects of labetalol versus placebo in two age groups. Ten patients in each group were randomly assigned to receive either a single oral dose of labetalol (20...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03153.x
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This was a preliminary feasibility study to assess the pharmacokinetics and acute safety of a single dose of orally inhaled testosterone via the AERx system, a novel handheld aerosol delivery system in postmenopausal women. Twelve postmenopausal women stabilized on oral estrogen therapy were treated with a single dose...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270004269840
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analgesic efficacy of 100 and 200 mg isoxepac was compared with that of 50 mg indomethacin in a double-blind, single-dose, between-patient (parallel) study with placebo control. Oral doses were administered to 120 patients whose postoperative plan justified administration of analgesics on the morning of the day fo...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02653.x
更新日期:1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sirolimus (RAPA) and cyclosporine (CsA) are immunosuppressive compounds that are being used concomitantly in renal transplant patients. Both drugs are dosed orally, have common intestinal and hepatic metabolism and intestinal transport mechanisms, and thus offer potential for pharmacokinetic drug interactions. A singl...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270003257227
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This retrospective analysis characterizes rituximab population pharmacokinetics in combination with fludarabine and cyclophosphamide and its effect on fludarabine and cyclophosphamide disposition in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Rituximab concentration data were well described by a 2-compartment model c...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270011430506
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether adefovir (ADV) in combination with entecavir (ETV) is more effective than with lamivudine (LAM) in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic HBV infection, electronic databases were searched through May 10th, 2013 to obtain relevant trials which met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis was perfo...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/jcph.351
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Procainamide administration often results in excessively high serum N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) concentrations and subtherapeutic serum procainamide concentrations. Inhibition of N-acetylation of procainamide may prevent accumulation of excessive NAPA while maintaining therapeutic serum procainamide concentrations. Th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04135.x
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined warfarin usage for elderly Medicare beneficiaries with atrial fibrillation (AF) who suffered traumatic brain injury (TBI), hip fracture, or torso injuries. Using the 5% Chronic Condition Data Warehouse administrative claims data, this study included fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries who had a ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.375
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Olanzapine is an atypical antipsychotic medication indicated for the treatment of schizophrenia and other manifestations of psychotic illness. Common side effects include somnolence, constipation, weight gain, and postural hypotension. The authors report a case of hypotension accompanied by bradycardia in a normal, he...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270002042001013
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atrial fibrillation is very common in the United States. After a search of Medline, EMBASE, and CINAHL, 4 trials evaluating inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system were identified for prevention of new-onset atrial fibrillation, facilitation of electrical cardioversion of atrial fibrillation, and prevention of atri...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1177/0091270005283284
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effective antiretroviral (ARV)-based HIV prevention strategies require optimizing drug exposure in mucosal tissues; yet factors influencing mucosal tissue disposition remain unknown. We hypothesized drug transporter expression in vaginal, cervical, and colorectal tissues is a contributing factor and selected 3 efflux ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.248
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 175 physicians were surveyed by questionnaire before a Clinical Pharmacology Consult Service was started. Of those that responded, 72% thought the service would be helpful, although 40% said they would use the service no more than once a month. Most physicians (75%) preferred self-initiated consultations to...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03096.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes the first evaluation in humans of Ro 41-3696. Based on its preclinical profile, Ro 41-3696, a nonbenzodiazepine partial agonist at the benzodiazepine receptor, offers promising perspectives as an innovative hypnotic drug in that it does not exhibit most of the disadvantages associated with full a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04126.x
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00