Abstract:
:Twenty young (45 years or younger) and 20 older (55 years or older) adult patients with mild hypertension were enrolled in this study to compare the hemodynamic effects of labetalol versus placebo in two age groups. Ten patients in each group were randomly assigned to receive either a single oral dose of labetalol (200 mg) or placebo. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded immediately before and two hours after ingestion. Labetalol was more effective than placebo in significantly lowering systolic blood pressure (-11 versus + 5 mm Hg, -23 versus + 4 mm Hg), diastolic blood pressure (-9 versus + 2 mm Hg, -12 versus + 5 mm Hg), and total systemic resistance (-259 versus + 42 dynes-sec cm-5, -390 versus + 74 dynes-sec cm-5) in young and older hypertensive subjects, respectively. There was no significant changes in heart rate, stroke volume index, or cardiac index in either age group. These data indicate that labetalol lowers blood pressure in young an older hypertensives primarily by reducing peripheral resistance and that the antihypertensive effect may be somewhat greater in older patients.
journal_name
J Clin Pharmacoljournal_title
Journal of clinical pharmacologyauthors
Buell JC,Eliot RS,Plachetka JR,Little MRdoi
10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03153.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-04-01 00:00:00pages
327-31issue
4eissn
0091-2700issn
1552-4604journal_volume
28pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::The confluence of rapid scientific advancements especially in protein engineering and recombinant technology, unmet medical needs, and commercial incentives have led to the development of the next generation of therapeutic proteins. Bispecific antibody constructs are one of the novel strategies that is being pursued, ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcph.445
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective study of adverse drug reactions was recently completed at the Clinical Pharmacology Unit of J. J. Group of Hospitals. 338 patients were included in this study, and adverse reactions were noted by a team of workers including a nurse and a physician. World Health Organization definitions were used to descr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1975.tb02365.x
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The possible effect of oral flecainide acetate on steady-state digoxin levels was assessed in 15 healthy men. Each volunteer received digoxin 0.25 mg daily (8 AM) for 22 consecutive days and flecainide 200 mg bid (8 AM and 8 PM) on days 11 through 15. Plasma digoxin and flecainide levels were measured by radioimmunoas...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1986.tb02898.x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nonlinearities are commonplace in pharmacokinetics and most frequently occur because of a limited concentration of biological material available for interaction with relatively high concentrations of drugs. The Michaelis-Menten-type function can be applied to metabolism, transport, and binding phenomena that display c...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03369.x
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are increasingly important in antihypertensive therapy because of their efficacy, tolerability, and specific benefits in subsets of patients. They are pharmacologically diverse. Whereas most benefits have been proven with older agents (captopril, enalopril), newer agents,...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1995.tb04070.x
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 125 outpatients with moderate to severe pain after surgical removal of one impacted third molar were randomly assigned to receive dexketoprofen trometamol 12.5 or 25 mg or dipyrone 575 mg. For first-dose assessments, patients rated their pain intensity and its relief at regular intervals. From 60 min post d...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1998.38.s1.55
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Few treatments for human diseases have received as much investigation in the past 20 years as probiotics. In 2017, English-language meta-analyses totaling 52 studies determined the effect of probiotics on conditions ranging from necrotizing enterocolitis and colic in infants to constipation, irritable bowel syndrome, ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/jcph.1121
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The analgesic activity of buprenorphine was monitored versus that of morphine in a double-blind, randomized, multiple-dose, parallel-design study involving 97 postsurgical patients. Patients could receive intramuscular injections of either buprenorphine (0.3, o.45, or 0.6 mg) or morphine (10, 15, or 20 mg) every 3 or ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1982.tb02158.x
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following oral administration of a single 500-mg dose of cefalexin, serum and urine levels of the antibiotic were determined comparatively in ten normal subjects, ten patients with renal impairment, and ten patients with chronic nephritis on maintenance hemodialysis. In normal subjects, mean serum peak levels (12.0 +/...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1975.tb05918.x
更新日期:1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Raltegravir is a novel HIV-1 integrase inhibitor with potent in vitro activity (95% inhibitory concentration = 33 nM in 50% human serum). In vitro characterization of raltegravir inhibition potential was assessed against a panel of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes. An open-label, 2-period study was conducted to assess th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270007310382
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::An open-label study evaluated the effect of steady-state venlafaxine on the single-dose pharmacokinetic profile of risperidone, a CYP2D6 substrate; its active metabolite, 9-hydroxyrisperidone; and the total active moiety (risperidone plus 9-hydroxyrisperidone). Thirty healthy subjects received a 1 mg oral dose of risp...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite a paucity of data, the role of intravenous lidocaine (IVLI) as adjunctive analgesia in the intensive care unit (ICU) seems promising due to a low potential to contribute to respiratory depression. A retrospective chart review was conducted to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of IVLI for the treatment of p...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1002/jcph.874
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is routinely used as a surrogate endpoint for the development of investigational drugs in clinical trials. GFR and staging of chronic kidney disease are typically assessed by measuring the concentration of endogenous serum biomarkers such as albumin and creatinine. However, creatinine ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcph.1132
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reduced bioavailability (F) due to hepatic first-pass extraction of an oral dose (D) is a well-known pharmacokinetic phenomenon. An integrated solution for Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the first-pass effect is derived from the maximal metabolic rate (Vm), volume of distribution (Vd), first order absorption rate consta...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1989.tb03320.x
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Precision medicine in oncology is the result of an increasing awareness of patient-specific clinical features coupled with the development of genomic-based diagnostics and targeted therapeutics. Companion diagnostics designed for specific drug-target pairs were the first to widely utilize clinically applicable tumor b...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/jcph.765
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary heart disease, hypertension, and dyslipidemia are highly prevalent and commonly coexist in people who are middle-aged and older. Previous data suggested that lowering cholesterol concentrations in individuals at high risk of cardiovascular disease improved clinical outcomes. Xuezhikang, a partial extract of r...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/0091270009337509
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of the marketed formulation of microencapsulated octreotide acetate were evaluated in an open-label study in 22 healthy cholecystectomized subjects. Each subject received a single 30 mg dose of microencapsulated octreotide acetate intramuscularly (i.m.). Concentration...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/00912700022009242
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The medium-term (16 weeks) effects of the combination of captopril and hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) on some metabolic indexes, particularly on plasma lipoproteins, were evaluated in 20 mild to moderate hypertensive outpatients. After a 4-week wash-out period, the subjects were given one tablet of a new commercially avai...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1990.tb03590.x
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to determine the absolute oral bioavailability and disposition of omapatrilat. This single-dose, randomized, crossover study of 20 mg intravenous and 50 mg oral [14C]omapatrilat was conducted in 12 healthy male subjects to determine the disposition and oral bioavailability of omapatrila...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/00912700122010726
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apomorphine-induced vomiting is often used for preclinical efficacy testing of putative antiemetics in normal volunteers. The usual technique of individual intravenous titration for finding the threshold emitic dose of apomorphine in each subject is slow and tedious. We used a uniform dose of 0.05 mg/kg apomorphine gi...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1978.tb02427.x
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A single evening dose of a clonidine-chlorthalidone combination (Combipres) was compared with the usual twice-daily schedule in 11 patients with essential hypertension. No significant difference was found between the blood pressures recorded on the two regimens or between morning and afternoon pressures on the once-da...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1980.tb01695.x
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a candidate genetic locus for coronary artery disease (CAD). Studies investigating the relationship between the ACE-insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism and myocardial infarction (MI) have been inconsistent. The authors hypothesized that age may be an important mod...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270010382420
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro data on the metabolism of the antifungal voriconazole suggest that its pharmacokinetics might be influenced by the activity of CYP2C19, CYP2C9, and CYP3A. To elucidate the genetic influence of polymorphic enzymes on voriconazole metabolism, the authors pooled the pharmacokinetic data from 2 interaction studie...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270008327537
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of dopaminergic receptors on renal function has been extensively studied. Recently dopaminergic receptor has been classified in two subtypes D1 and D2, which seem to have different modulatory function. However, the role of dopaminergic receptors on cardiovascular function and more specifically the potential r...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1992.tb03788.x
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although physiologic modeling has not gained the widespread acceptance that was originally projected, it may serve as the basis for future PK/PD modeling approaches. In addition, with more effort applied to developing in vitro and animal-to-human predictions, physiologic modeling may assume a higher position in the ph...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1988.tb03199.x
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the acute administration of marijuana (MJ) on cardiovascular (CV) function and CNS pharmacokinetics (PK) of [(15)O]water in occasional (O) versus chronic (C) MJ users. Each subject received four injections of [(15)O]water (one prior and three postsmoking) on tw...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0091270004265699
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypotensive effect, kinetics, and concentration-response relationship of labetalol, alpha beta- and alpha 1-adrenoceptor blocking drug, were studied in seven women with a moderate-to-severe hypertension (averaged diastolic blood pressure [DBP] of 100 to 120 mm Hg measured during a 1- to 2-day hospitalization perio...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1993.tb01933.x
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Cardiac Antiarrhythmic Suppression Trial (CAST) showed flecainide and encainide induced excess mortality compared with placebo. Labeling drugs as Class 1C is based on clinical observations, comprising measurements of the electrocardiographic parameters QRS. H-V and J-T intervals and of effective refractory period ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb03695.x
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Advances in microcomputer technology provide new ways of incorporating PBL procedures in clinical pharmacology courses. Developments in graphics-user interfaces and analog/digital systems that display physiologic information directly on the monitor enable the computer to serve as a learning resource as laboratory clas...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1552-4604.1991.tb04962.x
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interethnic variability in pharmacokinetics can cause unexpected outcomes such as therapeutic failure, adverse effects, and toxicity in subjects of different ethnic origin undergoing medical treatment. It is important to realize that both genetic and environmental factors can lead to these differences among ethnic gro...
journal_title:Journal of clinical pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/0091270004268128
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00