Abstract：
:To assess whether antioxidants may reduce the risk of cancer, we reviewed the epidemiologic literature from 1985 through 1993. We assessed the separate relationships of three antioxidants (carotenoids, vitamin C, and vitamin E) with six sites of cancer (lung, upper aerodigestive tract, uterine cervix, colon, breast, prostate). This review was limited to dietary intake or serum nutrient studies that met a predefined set of methodologic standards. We judged the evidence in support of causal relationships based upon consistency of results across studies, strength of association, and evidence of a dose-response relationship. The data concerning carotenoids and lung cancer risk were most consistent (protection found in 4 of 8 diet studies and 5 of 6 serum studies), with strong associations that tended to follow a dose-response pattern. For lung cancer, there was weaker evidence of protection from vitamin C (2 of 6 diet studies) and vitamin E (3 of 4 serum studies). For upper aerodigestive tract cancers (oral cavity, pharynx, or larynx), there was evidence of a protective effect of carotenoids (3 of 4 diet studies) and vitamin C (4 of 5 diet studies). For cancer of the uterine cervix, we found suggestive evidence of protection from vitamin C (4 of 5 diet studies) and perhaps carotenoids (2 of 5 diet studies). For cancers of the colon, breast, and prostate, the current data do not support a protective effect of antioxidants. More definite conclusions about the benefits of antioxidants in cancer prevention will be derived from on-going intervention trials.
journal_name
J Am Coll Nutrjournal_title
Journal of the American College of Nutritionauthors
Flagg EW,Coates RJ,Greenberg RSdoi
10.1080/07315724.1995.10718532subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-10-01 00:00:00pages
419-27issue
5eissn
0731-5724issn
1541-1087journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Prevention of vascular disease and acute pancreatitis is the goal of hyperlipidemia treatment. The risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) increases with increasing plasma cholesterol levels because low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the major carrier of cholesterol in the plasma, is atherogenic. High-density lipoprotein (HD...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/07315724.1989.10737968
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Objective: The age-related decline in handgrip strength (HGS) is an important indicator of weakening muscle strength concomitant with aging and sarcopenia. This study was to investigate the association between dietary patterns and HGS.Methods: In this cross-sectional study of 7,624 adults aged 19-64 years who were enr...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2019.1691955
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Approximately 70% of all cancer patients have elevations in hepatic glucose production and/or reductions in glucose utilization. To identify an explanation for insulin resistance, we measured fasting hepatic glucose production (HGP), leucine appearance (Leu Ra), leucine oxidation (LO), glucose oxidation (GO) ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1995.10718519
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:America is experiencing a major obesity epidemic. The ramifications of this epidemic are immense since obesity is associated with chronic metabolic abnormalities such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and heart disease. Reduced physical activity and/or increased energy intakes are important factors in this epidemic...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/07315724.2005.10719460
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The following review of the literature on the importance of Selenium (Se) in myocardial homeostasis and of the pharmacology of this trace metal, represents an attempt to search, without prejudice to other possible explanations, for a rationale of a beneficial effect of Se substitution as an adjuvant to antiar...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/07315724.1994.10718441
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Agricultural biotechnology has been widely adopted in agriculture but is also the focus of controversy. Questions have arisen regarding food and environmental safety. In the US, responsibility for ensuring agricultural and environmental safety is delegated to the USDA and EPA, respectively. The FDA has primary respons...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/07315724.2002.10719261
更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Changes in plasma lipid and lipoprotein distributions that occur after menopause increase the risk of cardiovascular disease in women, especially in those who are overweight. OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a nine-month weight reduction program on plasma lipids, dietary int...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/07315724.2000.10718927
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiological studies demonstrate an inverse relation between dietary flavonoid intake and cardiovascular risk. Recent studies with flavonoid-containing beverages suggest that the benefits of these nutrients may relate, in part, to improved endothelial function. OBJECTIVE:We hypothesized that dietary supp...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/07315724.2007.10719590
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients who appear to respond best to high branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) solutions have been previously described by objective measurements such as total urinary nitrogen (TUN) excretion, oxygen consumption index (O2Cl), plasma lactate, plasma pyruvate, plasma glucose (PG) and urinary 3-methylhistidine. Use of the...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1992.10718192
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate several potential clinical indicators of magnesium status (diet, blood, urine, 24-hour load retention) in patients with congestive heart failure before, during, and after oral magnesium supplementation. METHODS:Twelve patients with New York Heart Association class II-III heart failure and 12 age ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1997.10718645
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Strength changes, induced by very low-calorie diet (VLCD, 520 kcal/day) alone and in combination with exercise, were determined in 109 severely obese females (46.8 +/- 4.69% fat). Experimental treatments included VLCD alone (LC, n = 40), VLCD with endurance exercise (EE, n = 23), VLCD with endurance exercise and resis...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children with phenylketonuria (PKU) participating in the PKU Collaborative Study were found to be overweight on average by age 4, particularly the girls. A search was made for factors that were most highly associated with a child's overweight status at age 4, in order to help understand the etiology of the problem, as...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1982.10718998
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:n-3 Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) supplementation reduces systemic inflammation and improves renal and cardiovascular prognosis in kidney transplant recipients. However, patient compliance is poor because bad-tasting fish oils are used as an n-3 PUFA source. Therefore, we explored whether the beneficial...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2013.826482
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The primary objective of this study was to assess the use of Subjective Global Assessment to identify nutrition-associated complications and death in a geriatric population. A secondary objective was to evaluate the ability of Subjective Global Assessment to identify geriatric residents of long-term care faci...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2000.10718954
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Brazilian propolis, a folk medicine, is used worldwide as an alternative medicine to prevent colon cancer. The objective of the study was to test in a small pilot biomarker study in a high-risk group the safety and efficacy of propolis for colon cancer prevention, which has not been evaluated in humans. METH...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/07315724.2012.10720434
更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Associations among serum lipids (total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, and triglycerides) and levels of serum zinc (S-Zn), serum copper (S-Cu), and their ratio were analyzed in 3373 3-, 6-, 9-, 12-, 15-, and 18-year-old Finnish girls and boys. S-Zn was positively related to total cholesterol, HDL-choles...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1989.10720314
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The blood glucose-lowering effects of β-glucan from oats and barley depend on the amounts consumed and their rheological properties. This has been recently challenged with growing evidence that the food matrix may also be an important factor in predicting its physiological response. OBJECTIVE:The objective ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/07315724.2013.875366
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbohydrate intolerance is positively correlated with saturated fat consumption. In contrast, individuals consuming diets comprised of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) have a lower incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM). To test the hypothesis that dietary fats may influence insulin sensitivity, insulin-stimulated glu...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1991.10718161
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many believe that excessive intake of refined carbohydrates (CHO) plays a major role in the development of obesity/overweight, type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, a collection of events commonly referred to as "diabesity," and have sought natural means to overcome these linked perturbations. As a first ap...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2009.10719781
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium can be obtained from foods naturally rich in calcium such as dairy foods, from calcium-fortified foods and beverages, from supplements or from a combination of these. Recognition of calcium's many health benefits, along with Americans' low calcium intake, has led to interest in how best to meet calcium needs. ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/07315724.2001.10719029
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite extensive studies in cancer prevention, the incidence of cancer is increasing. We review studies that have identified several biochemical and genetic defects as well as potential carcinogens in the diet, environmental factors, and lifestyle-related habits. Two of the biochemical abnormalities increased oxidati...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1080/07315724.2014.1003419
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The glycemic index (GI) was determined in 36 non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus patients who were fed 50 g carbohydrate portions of six Indian conventional foods, including rice, a combination of rice-legume (Bengalgram, peas, and greengram), and a combination of rice-dal (greengram dal and redgram dal -- dal is ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1990.10720411
更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:C-reactive protein is an acute-phase protein that has been found in association with adiposity and cardiovascular disease risk. In this paper, the objective was to assess the relationship of C-reactive protein to four anthropometric measurements: body mass index, waist-to-height ratio, C index, and waist cir...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2017.1338631
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Although some earlier studies have indicated an association between dietary/urinary sodium and bone mass density (BMD), bone mass content (BMC), and the risk of osteoporosis (OS), findings are still conflicting. The aim of this study was to summarize the relation of dietary/urinary sodium with BMD, BMC, and t...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1080/07315724.2018.1431161
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnesium balance, and plasma and urinary levels, were studied in spontaneously hypertensive (SHR), Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and in Wistar (WI) rats. We found few differences in the measured parameters between WKY and WI rats, but the SHR rat which similarly maintained Mg balance has lower plasma Mg levels and less urinary ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1987.10720195
更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Yam (Dioscorea) has been used to treat menopausal symptom folklorically. This study was to investigate the effects of yam ingestion on lipids, antioxidant status, and sex hormones in postmenopausal women. METHODS:Twenty-four apparently healthy postmenopausal women were recruited to replace their staple food ...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2005.10719470
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ingestion of fruit juices in which there is an imbalance between glucose and fructose (apple, pear nectar) and the presence of sorbitol is one of the major causes of the syndrome of chronic, nonspecific diarrhea of infancy and childhood. Stools in the condition at time of symptoms are acidic with a pH < 5.5, Clinitest...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.1996.10720472
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Dietary patterns reflect diet and nutritional habits of individuals in a society. Various dietary patterns could influence leptin and adiponectin secretion from adipose tissue. These hormones are associated with metabolic diseases. It is suggested that the leptin-to-adiponectin (L/A) ratio might be a more use...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2014.880389
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the capability of DietMatePro, a PDA-based dietary assessment program, to monitor dietary intake and to improve adherence to a dietary regimen. DESIGN:Randomized controlled trial. SUBJECTS:Overweight and obese (Body Mass Index (BMI) 25-40) participants without dietary restrictions. INTERVENTION...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1080/07315724.2008.10719701
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In Sprague-Dawley rats (SD), we compared two categories of natural dietary supplements that influence carbohydrate (CHO) metabolism via different basic mechanisms to ameliorate insulin resistance (IR) and elevated blood pressure (BP) associated with heavy sugar/starch consumption. Two dietary supplements (bea...
journal_title：Journal of the American College of Nutrition
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1080/07315724.2013.770335
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
