Abstract:
:Angiotensin-II, the most important biologically active product of the renin-angiotensin system, has been reported to play a role in neovascularization, and prorenin has been found in the vitreous of human eyes, particularly in those affected by proliferative diabetic retinopathy, a disease characterized by neovascularization. The prorenin level in these eyes was, relative to that of plasma albumin, higher than in eyes without neovascularization. These findings suggested that an intraocular renin-angiotensin system exists, which might be involved in the development of retinal neovascularization in diabetes mellitus. In this study angiotensin-I-generating activity was measured in bovine aqueous humor and vitreous and in extracts of bovine retina, pigment epithelium-choroid, and anterior uveal tract before and after subjecting these extracts to procedures known to convert prorenin to renin. The measurements were made by incubation at 37 C with plasma from nephrectomized rats at pH ranging from 5.0-8.5. True renin in the ocular samples could be separated from nonrenin acid protease by alpha-casein-Sepharose affinity column chromatography at pH 3.5; true renin did not bind to the column, whereas acid protease did. True renin was further identified by its relatively high pH optimum (6.5-7.0) for angiotensin-I generation, its complete inhibition with specific renin antiserum, and its high affinity for specific renin inhibitors. More than 75% of angiotensin-I-generating activity of the ocular samples consisted of true renin. Approximately 90% or more of total renin (renin plus prorenin) in aqueous humor, vitreous, and ocular tissue could not be explained by trapped plasma. Total renin in aqueous humor and renin in vitreous were near the detection limit of the assay of angiotensin-I-generating activity. In vitreous prorenin comprised 99% of the total renin, in retina 81%, and in pigment epithelium-choroid and anterior uveal tract less than 50%. Prorenin in ocular fluids showed a concentration gradient, posterior vitreous greater than anterior vitreous greater than aqueous humor, suggesting that the main source of extracellular prorenin was in the posterior eye. These data support the contention of local renin and/or prorenin synthesis in the eye and are in accordance with the observations in other tissues that extrarenal synthesis of renin is often associated with the release of mainly, or exclusively, prorenin into extracellular fluid.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Deinum J,Derkx FH,Danser AH,Schalekamp MAdoi
10.1210/endo-126-3-1673subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-03-01 00:00:00pages
1673-82issue
3eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Physiological roles for PTH-related peptide (PTHrP) appear varied, but remain to be clarified. The peptide is present in large amounts in milk, and PTHrP mRNA has been shown to be present in high amounts in lactating mammary gland. Because PTHrP can cause smooth muscle relaxation, we hypothesized that the peptide migh...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.3.8396010
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Relaxin was localized in cells of corpora lutea of pregnant rats at the ultrastructural level using a highly specific antirat relaxin serum and the unlabeled peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Electron-dense, membrane-bound granules (maximum diameter, 270 nm), which are present in luteal cells during the last third ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-114-4-1124
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Certain metabolic properties of hormonally responsive osteogenic sarcoma cells derived from a transplantable rat tumor have been compared with those of related normal rat bone cells. All studies were carried out on cells grown in monolayer culture. Normal rat bone cells derived by repeated collagenase/trypsin digestio...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-108-1-213
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aldo-keto-reductase 1B7/mouse vas deferens protein (AKR1B7/MVDP) is expressed in rodent steroidogenic glands and in the mouse vas deferens. In steroidogenic organs, AKR1B7/MVDP scavenges isocaproaldehyde produced from the cholesterol side-chain cleavage reaction. Akr1b7/mvdp is responsive to ACTH in adrenals and to an...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2002-220825
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias), germ cells and adjacent steroidogenic elements are topographically segregated within the testis according to stage of development. In the experiments reported here, we have taken advantage of this favorable anatomical arrangement to demonstrate stage-specific variations in ste...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-117-4-1328
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Primary functional bovine adrenal cortical cell cultures have been developed to study the factors controlling adrenal cell growth. Cells were prepared by the collagenase technique and maintained in F-12 medium containing fetal calf serum and horse serum. Cells contained abundant lipid as demonstrated by staining with ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-100-4-1080
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 (11 beta HSD-2) enzyme is thought to confer aldosterone specificity upon mineralocorticoid target tissues by protecting the mineralocorticoid receptor from binding by the more abundant glucocorticoids, corticosterone and cortisol. We have developed a Chinese hamster ovar...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.137.6.8641180
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was performed to test the hypothesis that reflex increases in heart rate, PRA, and plasma concentrations of vasopressin, angiotensin-II, ACTH, and cortisol are reduced during pregnancy. The hypothesis was tested by measuring, in pregnant and nonpregnant conscious dogs, changes in arterial and atrial pressur...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.135.5.7956910
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antagonize the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter (5-HTT), and are frequently prescribed to children and adolescents to treat depression. However, recent findings of functional serotonergic pathways in bone cells and preliminary clinical evidence demonstrating d...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2004-1259
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adiposity is regulated in a sexually divergent manner. This is partly due to sex steroids, but the differential effects of androgens in males and females are unclear. We investigated effects of testosterone on energy balance in castrated male (n = 6) and female sheep (n = 4), which received 3 × 200 mg testosterone imp...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-1634
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian angiotensin I (Ang I)-converting enzyme (ACE), estimated by the specific binding of the ACE inhibitor [125I]iodo-MK-351A, is localized on multiple ovarian structures, including follicular granulosa cells, corpora lutea, terminal epithelium, and ovarian blood vessels, but total ovarian ACE does not display a cy...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-6-2927
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was undertaken to determine whether T3 could modify anterior pituitary Ca++ metabolism under basal conditions and in the presence of TRH. Paired hemipituitaries from hypothyroid rats were preincubated with T3 (10(-7) M) for 2 h, allowed to accumulate 45Ca++ for the third hour, and repeatedly washed i...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-108-5-1690
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For 3 yr, 1-yr synchronized circannual rhythms were found for the chick oviduct weights, amounts of soluble protein, concentrations of the progesterone receptor in this organ, and capacity of this steroid-receptor complex in cytosol in bind in vitro to deoxyribonucleoprotein acceptor sites. By fitting the data with 1-...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-107-4-1234
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thyroid hormone (T3) is required for postnatal skeletal growth. It exerts its effect by binding to nuclear receptors, TRs including TRα1 and TRβ1, which are present in most cell types. These cell types include chondrocytes and osteoblasts, the interactions of which are known to regulate endochondral bone formation. In...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2014-1109
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 6 billion pounds per year of the estrogenic monomer bisphenol A (BPA) are used to manufacture polycarbonate plastic products, in resins lining metal cans, in dental sealants, and in blends with other types of plastic products. The ester bond linking BPA molecules in polycarbonate and resins undergoes hydrolysis, ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2005-1159
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A soluble form of the amino-terminal extracellular (ecto-) domain of the human TSH receptor was generated. This protein was capable of binding TSH and autoimmune antibodies found in Graves' patients. A deletion mutant of the ectodomain lacking nine amino acids in the C-terminal region lost its ability to interact with...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.139.2.5748
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) is a nutrient-dependent proglucagon-derived hormone that stimulates intestinal growth through poorly understood paracrine and/or neural pathways. The relationship between GLP-2 action and a vagal pathway is unclear. Our aims were to determine whether 1) the GLP-2 receptor (GLP-2R) is ex...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2006-1232
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD-1) plays a pivotal role in an increase of triglyceride by an excess of dietary carbohydrate intake. Dietary carbohydrates increase SCD-1 gene expression in liver by sterol response element binding protein (SREBP)-1c-dependent and SREBP-1c -independent pathways. Previous report demonstrat...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2012-1559
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of GH gene structure in the mouse permits evolutionary comparisons with GH gene structure in the rat and provides information about the mechanism responsible for heritable deficiencies of anterior pituitary hormones. The little mutation in mice is analogous to autosomal recessive, isolated, partial deficiency...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-110-5-1672
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the effects of iv administered noradrenergic agonists and antagonists on plasma GH concentration in the adolescent baboon, Papio papio, with the aim of defining the relative roles of adrenergic receptor subtypes (alpha 1, alpha 2, beta 1, and beta 2) in the regulation of GH release. Clonidine (0.0...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-112-1-254
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sertoli cell intracellular protein 1 (SCc1) and 2 (SCc2) are polypeptides found in rat Sertoli cell cultures incubated with either FSH or (Bu)2cAMP. They were first identified in [35S]methionine-labeled Sertoli cell lysates using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Here we extend these observations by showing that SC...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.131.5.1330490
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiotensin II is a potent octapeptide vasoconstrictor and regulator of cardiovascular and electrolyte homeostasis. Angiotensinogen, the protein precursor of angiotensin II, is synthesized by the liver and many other organs of the adult rat. To determine whether angiotensin may be present in early fetal development we...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-121-4-1335
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Permanent effects of postnatal gonads on dopamine (DA)-mediated regulation of PRL secretion were examined in adult male rats of the Wistar-Imamichi strain. Rats were bilaterally orchidectomized at varying postnatal days, i.e. 8 h after birth [neonatal castration (NC)] or at 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6 weeks of age, and subjected...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-120-6-2205
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolonged exposure of many types of cells to drugs or hormones that inhibit the activity of the enzyme adenylate cyclase, such as narcotics and alpha 2-adrenergic agonists, leads to enhanced accumulation of cAMP upon removal of the inhibitory drug. We have found previously that chronic infusion of the adenosine A1 rec...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-124-5-2434
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3, [1,25(OH)2D3] has potent actions on innate and adaptive immunity. Although endocrine synthesis of 1,25(OH)2D3 takes place in the kidney, the enzyme that catalyzes this, 25-hydroxyvitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase (CYP27b1 in humans, Cyp27b1 in mice), is expressed at m...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2008-0060
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::High fat feeding is associated with impaired insulin action, an obese body composition, and down-regulation of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT4) expression in adipocytes. We recently showed that overexpression of GLUT4 selectively in adipocytes of transgenic mice using the aP2 (fatty acid-binding protein) promoter/enhance...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.136.3.7867610
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 responds to estrogens with increased progesterone receptor (PR) levels. In this study, we use dense amino acid density shift analyses to address directly the question of whether estrogen increases PR levels in MCF-7 cells by altering rates of receptor synthesis and/or degradatio...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-122-3-935
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxyntomodulin is derived from proglucagon processing in the intestine and the central nervous system. To date, no role in the central nervous system has been demonstrated. We report here that oxyntomodulin inhibits refeeding when injected intracerebroventricularly and into the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus of 2...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.10.8430
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylamine and monensin are two agents known to interfere with the recycling of membrane receptors. In the present investigation, we studied their effects on the binding, intracellular distribution, and action of insulin in isolated pancreatic acini prepared from diabetic mice. These drugs had several similar effects...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-115-1-205
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The trace element vanadium (V) exerts insulin-like effects in vitro. The present study examined its effects on glucose homeostasis in rats made diabetic by streptozotocin. Na3VO4 (0.2 or 0.5 mg/ml) was administered ad libitum in drinking water. Fed plasma glucose levels (approximately 26 mmol/liter) fell by 30% and 56...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-123-4-2048
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00