Abstract:
:Forty-nine female workers in the shoemaking industry, exposed to a solvent mixture containing benzene and twenty-seven non-exposed controls, were investigated. Concentrations of benzene and toluene in the working atmosphere, as well as benzene and toluene in blood and phenols in pre- and post-shift urine as parameters of biological monitoring, were determined. In order to assess hematotoxic risk, a complete blood cell count with differential, hemoglobin, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, reticulocytes, serum iron, alkaline phosphatase in neutrophils and red blood cell glycerol lysis time were determined in all subjects. Benzene concentrations in the workplace atmosphere at the shoemaking factory ranged from 1.9 to 14.8 ppm (median = 5.9). Significant difference in benzene in blood (p = 0.005) and phenol in post-shift urine (p = 0.003) between exposed workers and controls confirmed exposure to benzene. Hemoglobin level (p = 0.02) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (p = 0.0002) in the shoe workers were lower, and band neutrophils (p = 0.005) and mean corpuscular volume (p = 0.03) higher, than in controls. Red blood cell glycerol lysis time was significantly higher (p = 0.000001) in shoe workers (X +/- SD = 41.6 +/- 8.9) than in controls (X +/- SD = 31.1 +/- 6.5) and showed a significant correlation with exposure biomarkers. The results confirm that benzene exposure below 15 ppm may produce qualitative abnormalities, particularly macroerythrocytosis and increased red cell glycerol resistance, in the absence of an overt quantitative decrease in circulating blood cells. Increased resistance to the hemolytic action of glycerol is a potentially useful biological monitoring procedure in medical surveillance of benzene exposed workers. The results of this study suggest that potential threshold concentration for hematologic effects of benzene is lower than 15 ppm.
journal_name
Toxicol Ind Healthjournal_title
Toxicology and industrial healthauthors
Bogadi-Sare A,Turk R,Karacić V,Zavalić M,Trutin-Ostović Kdoi
10.1177/074823379701300402subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-07-01 00:00:00pages
485-94issue
4eissn
0748-2337issn
1477-0393journal_volume
13pub_type
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