The protein arginine deiminases: Structure, function, inhibition, and disease.

Abstract:

:The post-translational modification of histones has significant effects on overall chromatin function. One such modification is citrullination, which is catalyzed by the protein arginine deiminases (PADs), a unique family of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of peptidyl-arginine to form peptidyl-citrulline on histones, fibrinogen, and other biologically relevant proteins. Overexpression and/or increased PAD activity is observed in several diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis, Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, lupus, Parkinson's disease, and cancer. This review discusses the important structural and mechanistic characteristics of the PADs, as well as recent investigations into the role of the PADs in increasing disease severity in RA and colitis and the importance of PAD activity in mediating neutrophil extracellular trap formation through chromatin decondensation. Lastly, efforts to develop PAD inhibitors with excellent potency, selectivity and in vivo efficacy are discussed, highlighting the most promising inhibitors.

journal_name

Biopolymers

journal_title

Biopolymers

authors

Bicker KL,Thompson PR

doi

10.1002/bip.22127

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2013-02-01 00:00:00

pages

155-63

issue

2

eissn

0006-3525

issn

1097-0282

journal_volume

99

pub_type

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