Abstract：
:The single-unit activity of locus coeruleus noradrenergic (LC-NE) neurons was recorded in freely moving cats during naturally induced defense reactions. Defense reactions, consisting of arched back, piloerection, flattened ears and mydriasis, were elicited by exposing the cat either to a dog, or to a cat displaying aggressive behavior induced by electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus. LC-NE neurons were identified using previously established criteria, including suppression of firing during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep and in response to clonidine administration. Exposure to a dog evoked defense reactions and increased the tonic firing rate of LC-NE neurons (n = 8) from a baseline of approximately 0.9 spikes/s to approximately 2.5 spikes/s. Exposure to an aggressive cat evoked defense reactions that were qualitatively very similar to those produced by dog exposure, and elevated the tonic firing rate of LC-NE neurons (n = 8) from a baseline of approximately 1.0 spikes/s to approximately 2.5 spikes/s. In addition to these tonic elevations of activity, LC-NE neurons discharged in phasic bursts (as high as 10 spikes in a 500 ms period) in close association with specific threatening acts made by the dog or hypothalamically stimulated cat. The mere presence of a dog was sufficient to evoke tonic activation of LC-NE neurons, even in the absence of threatening advances by the dog, whereas exposure to a hypothalamically stimulated cat produced LC-NE neuronal activation only when the stimulated cat showed aggressive behavior. These results extend our previous work, which examined the response of LC-NE neurons to environmental and physiological stressors, into a more ethologically relevant domain, and suggest that LC-NE neuronal activation may play a role in the response to threatening or challenging situations.
journal_name
Brain Resjournal_title
Brain researchauthors
Levine ES,Litto WJ,Jacobs BLdoi
10.1016/0006-8993(90)90773-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-10-29 00:00:00pages
189-95issue
1-2eissn
0006-8993issn
1872-6240pii
0006-8993(90)90773-5journal_volume
531pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
BRAIN RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:Multiple sigma receptor subtypes have been identified in the hippocampus, yet their physiological role remains largely undefined. In the current study, we examined the role of sigma receptors in the regulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-stimulated [3H]norepinephrine ([3H]NE) release from rat hippocampal slices. Bo...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(94)01394-w
更新日期：1995-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:A newly discovered cell-to-cell communication system involves small, membrane-enveloped nanovesicles, called exosomes. We describe here how these extracellular nanoparticles were discovered and how it became gradually apparent that they play fundamental roles in regulation of physiological functions and pathological p...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.070
更新日期：2015-08-18 00:00:00
abstract：:This report deals with a comparison of total and regional cerebral blood flow with red cell velocity in the microcirculation of the ecto- and suprasylvian areas of the cerebral cortex of the cat and their response to changes in systemic blood pressure. Total and regional blood flows were measured during a steady-state...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(84)90912-0
更新日期：1984-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of infusing N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) into the raphe nuclei on release of 5-HT in this brain region and also the frontal cortex of the same animal were studied using in vivo microdialysis in freely moving rats. Infusion of 25 microM NMDA into the raphe led to a substantial decrease in dialysate 5-HT in t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)01333-4
更新日期：1998-02-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell death was due to activation of the receptor responsive to N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA). Even during a 30-min incubation, glutamate toxicity was unaffected by 5 microM CNQX and was greater than 90% blocked by 160 nM MK-801, a specific antagonist of the NMDA receptor. The extent of toxicity was dependent on the age ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(91)91244-u
更新日期：1991-09-27 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes the development and establishment of pure cerebrovascular smooth muscle cells derived from dissociated cells of microvessels obtained from brains of rats. The cultured and propagated vascular smooth muscle cells display histochemical and ultrastructural characteristics of smooth muscle cells consi...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(83)90073-2
更新日期：1983-12-05 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanism of the antinociceptive effect of the tricyclic antidepressant imipramine was investigated in mice. Intrathecal (i.t.) administration of imipramine produced dose-dependent antinociception in the tail-pinch and tail-flick tests with ED50 values (95% confidence limit) of 27.5 (17.0-43.9) and 20.2 (12.6-32.2...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(92)90344-9
更新日期：1992-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of 2-day and 7-day cortisol treatment on immunoreactive corticotropin (ACTH) and beta-endorphin concentrations were measured in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, and cerebellum in male rats. Plasma ACTH, beta-endorphin, corticosterone, and cortisol levels were also measured in parallel. Corti...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(89)90853-6
更新日期：1989-06-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The impact of perinatal exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on cognitive development is controversial. We exposed rhesus monkeys to ETS or filtered air (5 animals per group) beginning in utero on day 50 of pregnancy and continuing throughout postnatal testing. In infancy, we evaluated both groups for visual ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-06-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterised by hyperarousal, anxiety and amnesic symptoms. Deficits in explicit memory recall have been causally related to volume reductions of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. While stress-related glucocorticoid secretion appears involved in this apparent atrophy, the...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(03)03033-6
更新日期：2003-09-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotrophins regulate many aspects of neuronal function and activity. Specifically, the binding of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) to Tyrosine receptor kinase-B (TrkB) or its truncated version, TrkB-T1, can cause growth and differentiation or dominant inhibition of receptor signaling, respectively. There is ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2017.06.008
更新日期：2017-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic pain conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia are associated with profound hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction which may exacerbate symptoms of chronic pain. HPA axis dysfunction has also been well documented in animal models of chronic inflammatory pain. However, the role of t...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2005.03.005
更新日期：2005-05-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) prepared from adult bone marrow (BMSCs) has been reported to ameliorate functional deficits in several CNS diseases in experimental animal models. Bone marrow was enriched in MSCs by selecting for plastic-adherent cells that were grown to confluency in appropriate cultu...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2006.09.044
更新日期：2006-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:The present experiments describe the effect of NMDA and kainate agonists of the NMDA and non-NMDA subtype of receptors respectively of the excitatory amino acids (EAAs) system in prepubertal (16 days of age) and peripubertal (30-day-old rats) male rats on the in vitro hypothalamic release of GnRH, and on the in vivo L...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(95)01216-8
更新日期：1996-01-29 00:00:00
abstract：:beta-Amyloid is the primary protein component of neuritic plaques, which are degenerative foci in brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The effects of this naturally occurring beta-amyloid on the cells of the central nervous system have not been completely understood. beta-Amyloid increases the vulnerabili...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(97)00043-7
更新日期：1997-04-18 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium accumulation and neuronal injury of rat cortical cell cultures in vitro were examined following oxygen deprivation under conditions of normal and low glucose. 45Ca2+ uptake and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, measured at 12 and 24 h after oxygen deprivation, were significantly elevated in cultures exposed...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(93)91527-y
更新日期：1993-04-02 00:00:00
abstract：:A combined retrograde transport-immunohistochemical method was used to compare the numbers of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) and vasopressin-immunoreactive neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH) that could be retrogradely labeled after tracer injections in the dorsomedial medulla or the...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(87)91641-6
更新日期：1987-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined for immediate and persistent changes in nAChRs in cerebral cortex, thalamus and striatum of male rats caused by prenatal exposure to nicotine from gestational day 3 to postnatal day 10 (PN10), and how such exposure affected the responses of adolescents to subsequent nicotine challenge. Receptor numbers wer...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.076
更新日期：2009-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2009 influenza A(H1N1) pandemic led to a particularly high risk of morbidity and mortality among pregnant women. Therefore, inactivated influenza vaccines have been widely recommended for women in any period of gestation. Recent studies have shown that the peripheral adaptive immune system plays an important role ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2014.09.076
更新日期：2014-12-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The intent of this study was to investigate neurochemical and behavioural effects of aversive stimulation and the impact of auditory background noise. Using in vivo microdialysis, hippocampal acetylcholine was extracted and subjected to HPLC analysis while male Wistar rats were exposed to aversive stimulation similar ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(00)02842-0
更新日期：2000-11-03 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The modern brain imaging studies in patients with eating disorders have shown that neurotransmitting regulation differs distinctly from control groups. These disturbances have involved serotonin and dopamine system can be inherited and conditioned by genes. The aim of this work has been the analysis of associ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2009.10.035
更新日期：2010-01-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Spatial learning and memory in rodents represent close equivalents of human episodic declarative memory, which is especially sensitive to cerebral aging, neurodegeneration, and various neuropsychiatric disorders. Many tests and protocols are available for use in laboratory rodents, but Morris water maze and radial-arm...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2015.01.015
更新日期：2015-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examines the brain-level representation and composition of meaning in scalar quantifiers (e.g., some), which have both a semantic meaning (at least one) and a pragmatic meaning (not all). We adopted a picture-sentence verification design to examine event-related potential (ERP) effects of reading inf...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2012.10.042
更新日期：2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:This neuroimaging study investigated the neural mechanisms of the effect of conversation on visual event detection during a driving-like scenario. The static load paradigm, established as predictive of visual reaction time in on-road driving, measured reaction times to visual events while subjects watched a real-world...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainres.2008.10.002
更新日期：2009-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:The substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) receives both inhibitory GABAergic and excitatory glutamatergic afferents from diverse origins. Ischemic injury to the striatum and/or the globus pallidus causes delayed transneuronal death of the SNr neurons, in the course of which neuronal disinhibition induced by loss of G...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(96)01052-9
更新日期：1996-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Qualitative and computer-assisted analyses were performed on Golgi-impregnated neurons which were serially reconstructed in 3 dimensions. Analysis of the temporal pattern of growth indicated that the initial outgrowth, formation of the adult number of dendrites and virtually all dendritic branching occurred in the pre...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0165-3806(86)90192-6
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Group-housed Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats exposed for 1 h to 2,5-dihydro-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline (TMT, a component of fox feces) did not display changes in hippocampal serotonin (5-HT) metabolism and [3H]5-HT reuptake, compared to water or butyric acid. Such an observation extended to isolated SD and Fischer 344 rats. W...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-8993(02)03944-6
更新日期：2003-01-24 00:00:00
abstract：:The ultrastructural localizations of rat corticoliberin (rCRF) and methionine-enkephalin octapeptide (Met-Enk-8) in the external layer of the rat median eminence were examined by double-immunogold labeling with anti-rCRF and anti-Met-Enk-8 sera labeled with small-sized (Gs) and medium-sized (Gm) gold particles, respec...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)90487-7
更新日期：1986-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Structural changes induced by high frequency (HF) stimulation on granule cells of the hippocampal dentate gyrus of rats with inborn high (HP) and low (LP) learning capacity was examined in this study. Two types of axodendritic synapses were processed morphometrically; the axonal bouton on dendritic shafts and those ma...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(90)90371-h
更新日期：1990-12-24 00:00:00
abstract：:A detailed study of the distribution of neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the striatum of squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) and cat was undertaken by means of indirect immunofluorescence and peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) methods. In monkey, the NPY-immunoreactivity is homogeneously distributed along the entire extent of the ...
journal_title：Brain research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-8993(86)91131-5
更新日期：1986-05-07 00:00:00
