Abstract：
:Insulin receptors in the brain are found in high densities in the hippocampus, a region that is fundamentally involved in the acquisition, consolidation, and recollection of new information. Using the intranasal method, which effectively bypasses the blood-brain barrier to deliver and target insulin directly from the nose to the brain, a series of experiments involving healthy humans has shown that increased central nervous system (CNS) insulin action enhances learning and memory processes associated with the hippocampus. Since Alzheimer's disease (AD) is linked to CNS insulin resistance, decreased expression of insulin and insulin receptor genes and attenuated permeation of blood-borne insulin across the blood-brain barrier, impaired brain insulin signaling could partially account for the cognitive deficits associated with this disease. Considering that insulin mitigates hippocampal synapse vulnerability to amyloid beta and inhibits the phosphorylation of tau, pharmacological strategies bolstering brain insulin signaling, such as intranasal insulin, could have significant therapeutic potential to deter AD pathogenesis.
journal_name
Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Molecular neurobiologyauthors
Schiöth HB,Craft S,Brooks SJ,Frey WH 2nd,Benedict Cdoi
10.1007/s12035-011-8229-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
4-10issue
1eissn
0893-7648issn
1559-1182journal_volume
46pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Endozepine has recently been isolated from various steroid-forming organs. The following article explores the role of endozepine in the regulation of steroid synthesis. Steroid hormone synthesis from cholesterol begins in the inner mitochondrial membrane, where cytochrome P450 converts cholesterol to pregnenolone. Sci...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02740835
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdks) play a key role in orchestrating the coordination of cell cycle progression in proliferating cells. The escape from the proper control of the cell cycle by the upregulation of cyclins or aberrant activation of Cdks leads to malignant transformation. In quiescent cells and/or terminally ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/mn:34:1:27
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Timely thrombolytic treatment is paramount after acute ischemic stroke (AIS); however, a large proportion of patients experience substantial delays in presentation to hospital. This study evaluates the prevalence and risk factors in pre-hospital delays after AIS in central urban China. AIS patients from 66 hospitals i...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9750-4
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of stroke. This study aims to determine lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] levels in serum and to investigate their associations with stroke recurrence events in a 3-month follow-up study in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Serum Lp(a) levels were determined in 203 ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0346-9
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:GLI2 is a key mediator of the sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling pathway and plays an important role in neural tube development during vertebrate embryogenesis; however, the role of gli2 in human folate-related neural tube defects remains unclear. In this study, we compared methylation status and polymorphisms of gli2 bet...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9447-0
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the effects of pinealectomy in Wistar rats and melatonin replacement therapy on the daily mRNA expression of melatonin (Tph1, Aanat, Asmt, Mt1, Mt2, and Rorα), and steroidogenic (Star, 17βhsd3, and Lhr) related genes as well as clock genes (Rev-erbα, Bmal1, Per1, Per2, Cry1, and Cry2) in testes. Th...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-019-1626-y
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic defects are common pathological phenomena following traumatic brain injury (TBI) which contribute to poor prognosis. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is an important regulator of neuronal survival, development, function, and plasticity. This study was designed to investigate the potential effects of ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0576-5
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of matrix metalloproteinase-12 (MMP-12) in the pathogenesis of several inflammatory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, emphysema, and asthma is well established. Several new studies and recent reports from our laboratory and others highlighted the detrimental role of MMP-12 in the pathoge...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0418-5
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fear is crucial for survival, whereas hypermnesia of fear can be detrimental. Inhibition of the Rac GTPase is recently reported to impair the forgetting of initially acquired memory in Drosophila. Here, we investigated whether inhibition of Rac1 activity in rat hippocampus could contribute to the hypermnesia of contex...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9093-6
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes and obesity have been implicated as risk factors for dementia. However, metabolic mechanisms and associated signalling pathways have not been investigated in detail in frontotemporal dementia. We therefore here characterised physiological, behavioural and molecular phenotypes of 3- and 8-month-old male tau kn...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-019-01722-6
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the association between elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and the risk of acute cerebral infarction in patients with carotid artery lesions. A total of 78 patients were divided into two groups, the high Hcy group (n = 38; Hcy levels >15 umol/L) and the low Hcy group (n = 40; Hcy levels ≤15 ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9226-y
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In human glioma tumours, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is overexpressed when compared with normal brain tissues and during oligodendroglioma progression. However, the molecular mechanisms mediated by HO-1 to promote glioblastoma remain unknown. We therefore aimed at investigating the effect of HO-1 expression and its select...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-01869-7
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The NMDA receptor, which is heavily involved in several human brain diseases, is a heteromeric ligand-gated ion channel that interacts with multiple intracellular proteins through the C-termini of different subunits. GluN2A and GluN2B are the two primary types of GluN2 subunits in the forebrain. During the development...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9715-7
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We prepared and grafted tropomyosin receptor kinase B (TrkB) gene-transfected mesenchymal stem cells (TrkB-MSCs) into the ischemic penumbra and investigated whether electroacupuncture (EA) treatment could promote functional recovery from ischemic stroke. For the behavioral test, TrkB-MSCs+EA resulted in significantly ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1067-z
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent lysine deacetylase that regulates longevity and enhances mitochondrial metabolism. Both activation and inhibition of SIRT1 were previously shown to ameliorate neuropathological mechanisms in Huntington's disease (HD), a neurodegenerative disease...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0048-3
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence has indicated that iron deposition is one of the key factors leading to neuronal death in the neurodegenerative diseases. Ferritin is a hollow iron storage protein composed of 24 subunits of two types, ferritin heavy chain (FTH) and ferritin light chain (FTL), which plays an important role in maintain...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02277-7
更新日期：2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclin-dependent kinase 5 regulatory subunit 1 (CDK5R1) encodes p35, the main activatory subunit of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5). The p35/CDK5 active complex plays a fundamental role in brain development and functioning, but its deregulated activity has also been implicated in various neurodegenerative disorders, ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0002-4
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), which belong to a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family, are involved in the regulation of several physiological functions in mammals and act as mediators of apoptosis, obesity, and memory storage in the brain, including the processes of neuronal de- and regeneration. JNK subf...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9522-6
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) play a critical role in neuroinflammatory diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). CTK 01512-2 is a recombinant version of the peptide Phα1β derived from the spider Phoneutria nigriventer, which inhibits N-type VGCC/TRPA1-mediated calcium influx. We investigated the effects of ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1049-1
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of polypeptides is regulators for tissue development and repair, and is characterized by the fact that their mature forms are proteolytically derived from their integral membrane precursors. This article reviews roles of the prominent members of the EGF family (EGF, transformin...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02742440
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This work was aimed at investigating the circulating microRNA (miRNA) profiles in serum and saliva of patients affected by fibromyalgia syndrome (FM), correlating their expression values with clinical and clinimetric parameters and to suggest a mathematical model for the diagnosis of FM. A number of 14 FM patients and...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0235-2
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metals perform important functions in the normal physiological system, and alterations in their levels may lead to a number of diseases. Aluminium (Al) has been implicated as a major risk factor, which is linked to several neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. On the other h...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-014-8643-7
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Following stroke, complete cellular death in the ischemic brain area may ensue, with remaining brain areas undergoing tissue remodelling to various degrees. Experience-dependent brain plasticity exerted through an enriched environment (EE) promotes remodelling after central nervous system injury, such as stroke. Post-...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0461-2
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Iron accumulates progressively in the brain with age, and iron-induced oxidative stress has been considered as one of the initial causes for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Based on the role of hepcidin in peripheral organs and its expression in the brain, we hypothesized that this peptide has a...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-014-8847-x
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence indicates that adverse experiences in early life may be a factor for immune disturbances leading to the depression in adulthood. Recently, a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of depression has been assigned to the activation of the brain Nod-like receptor pyrin-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. We investigate...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1458-1
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) has been shown to protect oligodendrocytes from ischemia by upregulating endogenous antioxidants. The goal of this study was to determine whether LIF protects neurons during stroke by upregulating superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3). Animals were administered phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9587-2
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels are important in the regulation of neuronal structure and function, and as a result, they have received considerable attention. Recent studies have begun to characterize the diversity of their properties and the relationship of this diversity to their various cellular functions. In part...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02740620
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ginsenoside Rg1 is efficient to prevent or treat mental disorders. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of ginsenoside Rg1 on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are still not known. In this study, single-prolonged stress (SPS) regime, as well as injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), was used to produce P...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02213-9
更新日期：2020-11-19 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson's disease (PD) is a major neurodegenerative chronic disease, most likely caused by a complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. Information on various aspects of PD pathogenesis is rapidly increasing and needs to be efficiently organized, so that the resulting data is available for exploration a...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-013-8489-4
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurogenesis is a developmental process that involves fine-tuned coordination between self-renewal, proliferation, and differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) into neurons. However, early-life assault with environmental toxicants interferes with the regular function of genes, proteins, and other molecules that bui...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02108-9
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
