Abstract：
:The epidermal growth factor (EGF) family of polypeptides is regulators for tissue development and repair, and is characterized by the fact that their mature forms are proteolytically derived from their integral membrane precursors. This article reviews roles of the prominent members of the EGF family (EGF, transforming growth factor-alpha [TGF-alpha] and heparin-binding EGF [HB-EGF]) and the related neuregulin family in the nerve system. These polypeptides, produced by neurons and glial cells, play an important role in the development of the nervous system, stimulating proliferation, migration, and differentiation of neuronal, glial, and Schwann precursor cells. These peptides are also neurotrophic, enhancing survival and inhibiting apoptosis of post-mitotic neurons, probably acting directly through receptors on neurons, or indirectly via stimulating glial proliferation and glial synthesis of other molecules such as neurotrophic factors. TGF-alpha, EGF, and neuregulins are involved in mediating glial-neuronal and axonal-glial interactions, regulating nerve injury responses, and participating in injury-associated astrocytic gliosis, brain tumors, and other disorders of the nerve system. Although the collective roles of the EGF family (as well as those of the neuregulins) are shown to be essential for the nervous system, redundancy may exist among members of the EGF family.
journal_name
Mol Neurobioljournal_title
Molecular neurobiologyauthors
Xian CJ,Zhou XFdoi
10.1007/BF02742440subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-10-01 00:00:00pages
157-83issue
2-3eissn
0893-7648issn
1559-1182journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS). We have measured the levels of over 20 non-esterified sterols in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from patients suffering from MS, inflammatory CNS disease, neurodegenerative disease and control patients. Analysis w...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-0281-9
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult neural progenitor cells (NPCs) induce post-ischemic long-term neuroprotection and brain remodeling by releasing of survival- and plasticity-promoting mediators. To evaluate whether secreted factors may mimic neuroprotective and restorative effects of NPCs, we exposed male C57BL6 mice to focal cerebral ischemia a...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9748-y
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The endocannabinoid system (ECS) actively participates in several physiological processes within the central nervous system. Among such, its involvement in the downregulation of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) through a modulatory input at the cannabinoid receptors (CBr) has been established. After its produ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1129-2
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prenatal ethanol exposure can cause extensive apoptotic neurodegeneration throughout the developing central nervous system (CNS), which results in cognitive deficits and memory decline. However, the underlying mechanisms need further study. Single-minded 2 (Sim2), a transcriptional repressor, is reportedly involved in...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-014-8924-1
更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroinflammation is the important pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Legumain, a lysosomal cysteine protease, plays an important role in neuroinflammation during ischemic stroke and depressive disorder. Legumain is involved in AD process through cleaving APP; however, it is unclear if legumain can poss...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02219-3
更新日期：2020-11-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common primary malignant cancer of brain, which is extremely aggressive and carries a dreadful prognosis. Current treatment protocol runs around radiotherapy, surgical resection, and temozolomide with median overall survival of around 12-15 months. Due to its heterogeneity and...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-0978-z
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In neurodegenerative diseases, pathogenic proteins tend to misfold and form aggregates that are difficult to remove and able to induce excessive endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, leading to neuronal injury and apoptosis. Homocysteine-induced endoplasmic reticulum protein (Herp), an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is an importan...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-0900-8
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Addiction is a chronic psychiatric disease which represents a global problem, and stress can increase drug addiction and relapse. Taking into account frequent concomitance of nicotine dependence and stress, the purpose of the present study was to assess behavioral and biochemical effects of chronic unpredictable mild ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0585-4
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurological dysfunction as a result of neuroinflammation has been reported in sepsis and cause high mortality. High levels of cytokines stimulate the formation of neurotoxic metabolites by kynurenine (KYN) pathway. Vitamin B6 (vit B6) has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties and also acts as a cofactor for en...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0706-0
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury remains an important cause of brain damage in neonates with potential life-long consequences. Caffeine, which is a competitive inhibitor of adenosine receptors, is commonly used as treatment for preterm apnoea in clinical settings. In the current study, we investigated the effects of...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-01867-9
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies show that myostatin mRNA expression is found in some regions of the brain. However, the functional significance of this is currently unknown. We therefore investigated myostatin expression and function in the brain. In this study, we used immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and RT-PCR analysis ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-012-8342-1
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Olfactory perception and learning play a vital role in the animal's entire life for habituation and survival. Insulin and insulin receptor signaling is well known to modulate the olfactory function and is also involved in the regulation of neurogenesis. A very high density of insulin receptors is present in the olfact...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02185-w
更新日期：2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:PCDH19-Clustering Epilepsy (PCDH19-CE) is an infantile onset disorder caused by mutation of the X-linked PCDH19 gene. Intriguingly, heterozygous females are affected while hemizygous males are not. While there is compelling evidence that this disorder stems from the coexistence of WT and PCDH19-null cells, the cellula...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-02242-4
更新日期：2021-01-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Defect in brain microperfusion is increasingly recognized as an antecedent event to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and ischemia. Nevertheless, studies on the role of impaired microperfusion as a pathological trigger to neuroinflammation, Aβ deposition as well as blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption, and the etiological link...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-0904-4
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholinergic system is very important for many higher brain functions, including learning and memory. Cholinergic neurons, especially those in the basal forebrain, are specifically susceptible in some neurodegenerative diseases, such as in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we studied the cholinergic system lesion effects...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-017-0621-4
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) channel is a non-selective cation channel that helps regulate inflammatory pain sensation and nociception and the development of inflammatory diseases. However, the potential role of the TRPA1 channel and the underlying mechanism in brain functions are not fully resol...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9908-0
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Protein aggregation is involved in a variety of diseases. Alteration of the aggregation pathway, either to produce less toxic structures or to increase aggregate clearance, is a promising therapeutic route. Both active and passive immunization has been used for this purpose. However, the mechanism of action of antibod...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9148-8
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The survival of an organism depends on its ability to respond to its environment through its senses. The sense of touch is one of the most vital; still, it is the least understood. In the process of touch sensation, a mechanical stimulus is converted into electrical signals. Groundbreaking electrophysiological experim...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-007-8009-5
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the field of the neurobiology of learning, significant emphasis has been placed on understanding neural plasticity within a single structure (or synapse type) as it relates to a particular type of learning mediated by a particular brain area. To appreciate fully the breadth of the plasticity responsible for complex...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1385/MN:21:1-2:057
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Maternal hypothyroxinemia can induce neurodevelopmental impairments in the developing fetus. We here review recent studies on the epidemiology and molecular mechanisms associated with this important public health issue. In 2011, the American Thyroid Association defined maternal hypothyroxinemia as low serum free thyro...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9101-x
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Impaired glucose metabolism and mitochondrial decay greatly increase with age, when cognitive decline becomes rampant. No pharmacological or dietary intervention has proven effective, but proper diet and lifestyle do postpone the onset of neurodegeneration and some nutrients are being investigated. We studied insulin ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-0934-y
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examined the association between elevated plasma homocysteine (Hcy) levels and the risk of acute cerebral infarction in patients with carotid artery lesions. A total of 78 patients were divided into two groups, the high Hcy group (n = 38; Hcy levels >15 umol/L) and the low Hcy group (n = 40; Hcy levels ≤15 ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-015-9226-y
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The NMDA receptor, which is heavily involved in several human brain diseases, is a heteromeric ligand-gated ion channel that interacts with multiple intracellular proteins through the C-termini of different subunits. GluN2A and GluN2B are the two primary types of GluN2 subunits in the forebrain. During the development...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-016-9715-7
更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The melanocortin pathway has been implicated in both metabolism and sexual function. When the melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is knocked out globally, male mice display obesity, low sexual desire, and copulatory difficulties; however, it is unclear whether these phenotypes are interdependent. To elucidate the neuronal ...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-019-1514-5
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (AChRs) are a family of acetylcholine-gated cation channels that form the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors on muscles and nerves in the peripheral nervous system. AChRs are also expressed on neurons in lower amounts throughout the central nervous system. AChRs are eve...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02740634
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurodegenerative foldopathies are characterized by aberrant folding of diseased modified proteins, which are major constituents of the intracellular and extracellular lesions. These lesions correlate with the cognitive and/or motor impairment seen in these diseases. The majority of the disease modified proteins in ne...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s12035-013-8440-8
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), one of the most important neuroactive steroids, is produced in the adrenals and the brain. DHEAS is believed to play a critical role in modulating different forms of cellular control, including processes associated with human neural systems. Its production rate and level in seru...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1125-6
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antiretroviral therapy (ART) restricts human immunodeficiency virus type one (HIV-1) replication and by so doing, improves the quality and longevity of life for infected people. Nonetheless, treatment can also lead to adverse clinical outcomes such as drug resistance and systemic adverse events. Both could be affected...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-018-1273-8
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review describes the modulation of the GABAa receptor by steroid hormones and barbiturates and proposes guidelines for further research. Having examined the complex organization of the GABAa receptor complex and the multiple allosteric interactions between its drug and transmitter/modulator binding sites, the pos...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02740608
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition with unknown etiology. Recent experimental evidences suggest the contribution of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in the pathophysiology of ASD. In this work, we aimed to investigate the expression profile of the ncRNA class of circular RNAs (circR...
journal_title：Molecular neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s12035-020-01878-6
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
