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Risk factors for astigmatism in preschool children: the multi-ethnic pediatric eye disease and Baltimore pediatric eye disease studies.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:To evaluate risk factors for astigmatism in a population-based sample of preschool children. DESIGN:Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS:Population-based samples of 9970 children ages 6 to 72 months from Los Angeles County, California, and Baltimore, Maryland. METHODS:A cross-sectional study of children participating in the Multiethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study and the Baltimore Eye Disease Study was completed. Data were obtained by clinical examination or by in-person interview. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated to evaluate potential associations between clinical, behavioral, or demographic factors and astigmatism. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Odds ratios (ORs) for various risk factors associated with astigmatism. RESULTS:Participants with myopia (≤-1.0 diopters) were 4.6 times as likely to have astigmatism (95% CI, 3.56-5.96) than those without refractive error, whereas participants with hyperopia (≥+2.00 diopters) were 1.6 times as likely (95% CI, 1.39-1.94). Children 6 to <12 months of age were approximately 3 times as likely to have astigmatism than children 5 to 6 years of age (95% CI, 2.28-3.73). Both Hispanic (OR, 2.38) and African-American (OR, 1.47) children were as likely to have astigmatism than non-Hispanic white children. Furthermore, children whose mothers smoked during pregnancy were 1.46 times (95% CI, 1.14-1.87) as likely to have astigmatism than children whose mothers did not smoke. CONCLUSIONS:In addition to infancy, Hispanic and African-American race/ethnicity and correctable/modifiable risk factors such as myopia, hyperopia, and maternal smoking during pregnancy are associated with a higher risk of having astigmatism. Although the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy is typically low, this association may suggest etiologic pathways for future investigation. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S):The authors have no proprietary or commercial interest in any of the materials discussed in this article.

journal_name

Ophthalmology

journal_title

Ophthalmology

authors

McKean-Cowdin R,Varma R,Cotter SA,Tarczy-Hornoch K,Borchert MS,Lin JH,Wen G,Azen SP,Torres M,Tielsch JM,Friedman DS,Repka MX,Katz J,Ibironke J,Giordano L,Multi-Ethnic Pediatric Eye Disease Study and the Baltimore Pediatric

doi

10.1016/j.ophtha.2011.06.031

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2011-10-01 00:00:00

pages

1974-81

issue

eissn

0161-6420

issn

1549-4713

pii

S0161-6420(11)00610-5

journal_volume

118

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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Risk factors for astigmatism in preschool children: the multi-ethnic pediatric eye disease and Baltimore pediatric eye disease studies.