Abstract：
:A fundamental but unsolved problem in neuroscience is how connections between neurons might underlie information processing in central circuits. Building wiring diagrams of neural networks may accelerate our understanding of how they compute. But even if we had wiring diagrams, it is critical to know what neurons in a circuit are doing: their physiology. In both the retina and cerebral cortex, a great deal is known about topographic specificity, such as lamination and cell-type specificity of connections. Little, however, is known about connections as they relate to function. Here, we review how advances in functional imaging and electron microscopy have recently allowed the examination of relationships between sensory physiology and synaptic connections in cortical and retinal circuits.
journal_name
Curr Opin Neurobioljournal_title
Current opinion in neurobiologyauthors
Lee WC,Reid RCdoi
10.1016/j.conb.2011.07.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
801-7issue
5eissn
0959-4388issn
1873-6882pii
S0959-4388(11)00127-9journal_volume
21pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Many studies in the past decade have revealed the role and mechanisms of Wnt signaling in axon guidance during development and the reinduction of Wnt signaling in adult central nervous system axons upon traumatic injury, which has profound influences on axon regeneration. With 19 Wnts and 14 known receptors (10 Frizzl...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2014.05.005
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Enduring social bonds play an essential role in human society. These bonds positively affect psychological, physiological, and behavioral functions. Here, we review the recent literature on the neurobiology, particularly the role of oxytocin and dopamine, of pair bond formation, bond disruption, and social buffering e...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.05.006
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the seminal discoveries in developmental neuroscience is that altering visual experience through monocular deprivation can alter both the physiological and the anatomical representation of the two eyes, called ocular dominance columns, in primary visual cortex. This rearrangement is restricted to a critical per...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2005.01.012
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensory neurons are usually described with an encoding model, for example, a function that predicts their response from the sensory stimulus using a receptive field (RF) or a tuning curve. However, central to theories of sensory processing is the notion of 'efficient coding'. We argue here that efficient coding implie...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2016.03.002
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reward valuation in social contexts is by nature relative rather than absolute; it is made in reference to others. This socially relative reward valuation is based on our propensity to conduct comparisons and competitions between self and other. Exploring its neural substrate has been an active area of research in hum...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.11.008
更新日期：2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Accepting, rejecting or modifying the many different theories of the cerebellum's role in the control of movement requires an understanding of the signals encoded in the discharge of cerebellar neurons and how those signals are transformed by the cerebellar circuitry. Particularly challenging is understanding the sens...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(98)80119-0
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The microcircuitry of the neocortex is bewildering in its anatomical detail, but seen through the filters of physiology, some simple circuits have been suggested. Intensive investigations of the cortical representation of orientation, however, show how difficult it is to achieve any consensus on what the circuits are,...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00343-4
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One of the two major endocannabinoids, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), serves as a retrograde messenger at various types of synapses throughout the brain. Upon postsynaptic activation, 2-AG is released immediately after de novo synthesis, activates presynaptic CB1 cannabinoid receptors, and transiently suppresses neuro...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2014.03.017
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here I review the diversity of GABAergic neurons in the rodent basolateral amygdala (BLA). In spite of the recent identification of the role played by certain neurons of BLA in learning and memory of fear, the diversity of GABAergic neurons has not been fully explored. I describe analogies and differences between GABA...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2014.01.006
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons have a multiplicity of ionic conductance mechanisms, the interactions of which determine in part the response of a neuron to chemical and electrical synaptic interactions, firing patterns, excitability, membrane potential and action-potential waveform. Several papers published in the past year have provided im...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(91)90017-2
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent approach in social neuroscience has been the application of formal computational models for a particular social-cognitive process to neuroimaging data. Here we review preliminary findings from this nascent subfield, focusing on observational learning and strategic interactions. We present evidence consistent ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.02.007
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perception of music depends on many culture-specific factors, but is also constrained by properties of the auditory system. This has been best characterized for those aspects of music that involve pitch. Pitch sequences are heard in terms of relative as well as absolute pitch. Pitch combinations give rise to emerg...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.09.005
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the mammalian cortex, the classic view assumes that the output information of a neuron is encoded in rather stereotyped action potentials, which provide an all-or-none or digital way of communication between cell body and axonal boutons. A role for subthreshold signal propagation within cortical axons has largely b...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.08.006
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trans-synaptic interactions organize the multiple steps of synaptic development and are critical to generate fully functional neuronal circuits. While trans-synaptic interactions are primarily mediated by cell adhesion molecules (CAMs), some directly involve ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs). Here, we review the...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.09.001
更新日期：2020-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus and at least two other unidentified central pacemakers regulate the temporal structure of a circadian network that involves almost every organ in the body. Phase control is central to the efficient function of this system. Individual circadian oscillators in tissues and ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.03.003
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our ability to learn and control the motor aspects of complex laryngeal behaviors, such as speech and song, is modulated by the laryngeal motor cortex (LMC), which is situated in the area 4 of the primary motor cortex and establishes both direct and indirect connections with laryngeal motoneurons. In contrast, the LMC...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2014.05.006
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial interactions are prominent behaviors in primates. Primate facial signaling, which includes the expression of emotions, mimicking of facial movements, and gaze interactions, is visually dominated. Correspondingly, in primate brains an elaborate network of face processing areas exists within visual cortex. But ot...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2011.12.003
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The unfolded protein response (UPR) comprises kinase signaling and transcription factor activation cascades delineated over the past 20 years. Most studies conclude that this stress response is adaptive but, nevertheless, includes maladaptive programs involving CHOP expression that drives cell-autonomous apoptosis. He...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2009.08.007
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent work on the retinotectal projection clearly establishes the roles of neuronal activity and position-based cues in the patterning of nerve connections. In some species, the high degree of spatial order has been shown to emerge from a continued process of terminal growth and refinement. The future challenge is no...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(92)90167-j
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fear and anxiety are debilitating conditions that affect a significant number of individuals in their lifetimes. Understanding underlying mechanisms of these disorders affords us the possibility of therapeutic intervention. Such clarity in terms of mechanism and intervention can only come from an amalgamation of resea...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.013
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The idea that visual signals relayed by the parvocellular and magnocellular subdivisions of the lateral geniculate nucleus remain segregated in the cerebral cortex has attracted considerable attention. It has been proposed that parvocellular contributions dominate in the temporal visual cortex, and that magnocellular ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(92)90188-q
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The striatum is a hub in the basal ganglia circuitry controlling goal directed actions and habits. The loss of its dopaminergic (DAergic) innervation in Parkinson's disease (PD) disrupts the ability of the two principal striatal projection systems to respond appropriately to cortical and thalamic signals, resulting in...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2017.08.004
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over the years Pavlovian fear conditioning has proved to be a powerful model to investigate the neural underpinnings of aversive associative memory formation. Although it is well appreciated that plasticity occurring at excitatory synapses within the basolateral complex of the amygdala (BLA) plays a critical role in a...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2018.08.012
更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabotropic L-glutamate receptors are involved in various forms of synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus. The use of a new antagonist (LY341495) that blocks all known metabotropic L-glutamate receptors in the brain, together with subtype-selective antagonists, has identified multiple roles both for cloned and novel ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0959-4388(99)80044-0
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The visual cortical network consists of a number of specialized areas that are connected in a highly structured way. Understanding the function of this network is a milestone goal of visual neuroscience. This goal is pursued at different levels of description, including large-scale neuroanatomical as well as molecular...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2013.01.019
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia remains a daunting challenge for efforts aimed at identifying fundamental pathophysiological processes and to develop evidence-based effective treatments and interventions. One reason for the lack of progress lies in the fact that the pathophysiology of schizophrenia has been predominantly conceived in t...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2012.11.004
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Oscillation in motor pattern generators is driven either by pacemaker neurons with inherent bursting properties or through network interactions. In a few examples in invertebrates and lower vertebrates, the mechanisms by which reciprocal inhibition combines with inherent membrane properties to produce network oscillat...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0959-4388(95)80111-1
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our understanding of the gut system has been revolutionized over the past decade, in particular regarding its role in immune control and psychological regulation. The vagus nerve is a crucial link between gut and brain, transmitting diverse gut-derived signals, and has been implicated in many gastrointestinal, neurolo...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2020.03.006
更新日期：2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In recent years, interest has grown in the ability to manipulate, in a temporally precise fashion, the electrical activity of specific neurons embedded within densely wired brain circuits, in order to reveal how specific neurons subserve behaviors and neural computations, and to open up new horizons on the clinical tr...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2011.10.023
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Modulation of local protein synthesis in neuronal dendrites plays a key role in the production of long-term, activity-dependent changes in synapse structure and functional efficacy. Such long-term changes also require regulation of actin dynamics in dendritic spines. Recent evidence couples local protein synthesis to ...
journal_title：Current opinion in neurobiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.conb.2008.09.013
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
