Abstract：
:The guanylin family of peptides has 3 subclasses of peptides containing either 3 intramolecular disulfide bonds found in bacterial heat-stable enterotoxins (ST), or 2 disulfides observed in guanylin and uroguanylin, or a single disulfide exemplified by lymphoguanylin. These peptides bind to and activate cell-surface receptors that have intrinsic guanylate cyclase (GC) activity. These hormones are synthesized in the intestine and released both luminally and into the circulation, and are also produced within the kidney. Stimulation of renal target cells by guanylin peptides in vivo or ex vivo elicits a long-lived diuresis, natriuresis, and kaliuresis by both cGMP-dependent and independent mechanisms. Uroguanylin may act as a hormone in a novel endocrine axis linking the digestive system and kidney as well as a paracrine system intrarenally to increase sodium excretion in the postprandial period. This highly integrated and redundant mechanism allows the organism to maintain sodium balance by eliminating excess sodium in the urine. In addition, small concentrations of the atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) can synergize with low concentrations of both guanylin or uroguanylin, which do not induce natriuresis per se, to promote significant natriuresis. Interestingly, the activation of the particulate guanylate cyclase receptors by natriuretic peptides can promote relaxation of animal and human penile erectile tissue and increase intracavernosal pressure to induce penile erection. These peptides can be prototypes for new drugs to treat erectile dysfunction, especially in patients with endothelial and nitrergic dysfunction, such as in diabetes.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Fonteles MC,do Nascimento NRdoi
10.1139/y11-050subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-08-01 00:00:00pages
575-85issue
8eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The effect of chronic consumption of diets containing either different sources of dietary fibre (8% guar, 8% pectin, or 8% multifibre) or low carbohydrate upon carbohydrate tolerance was examined in rats. Weight gain was significantly lower throughout the entire 28-day study period with the guar group and after 20 day...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y82-107
更新日期：1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the interrelationship of plasma lipid profile, lipid peroxidation, and erythrocyte antioxidative defense in patients with insulin-dependent (IDDM) and non-insulin-dependent (NIDDM) diabetes mellitus. Plasma levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipid peroxides and the activiti...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y07-088
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to investigate under controlled conditions the effects of fentanyl on the rat locus coeruleus catechol oxidation current. Using differential normal pulse voltammetry combined with electrochemically treated carbon fiber electrodes to measure the catechol oxidation current, catecholamine ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-085
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Space travelers experience anorexia and body weight loss in a microgravity environment, and microgravity-like situations cause changes in hypothalamic activity. Hypothalamic melanocortins play a critical role in the regulation of metabolism. Therefore, we hypothesized that microgravity affects metabolism through alter...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/Y09-074
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Molecular mechanisms by which exercise exerts cardiovascular benefits are poorly understood. Exercise-induced increase of endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) phosphorylation through the protein kinase Akt has been shown to be a key mechanism underlying the beneficial effect of exercise in coronary artery disease patients. ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y10-107
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant tension development resulting from the administration of lanthanum salts (La3+) to isolated aorta tissues was observed in preparations from the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) but not in preparation from age-matched normotensive Wistar rats (NWR). The response to La3+ was significantly greater in tiss...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y77-148
更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trimetazidine (TMZ) exhibits metabolic and cardioprotective effects. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of TMZ on interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) serum concentrations in 156 patients with stable coronary artery disease. They underwent a treadmill exercise test (TET) before and after 3 months...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2016-0424
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is commonly thought that central nervous system depressant drugs exert their actions through enhancement of gamma-aminobutyrate (GABA)-mediated mechanisms. Recently, the cellular electrophysiological evidence from this laboratory and others suggests that both sedative hypnotics and general anaesthetics inhibit cent...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y85-137
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been proposed that medullary washout secondary to increased blood flow will limit maximal urine osmolality and reabsorption of salt and water from the inner medullary collecting duct. We have tested this prediction. The function of the inner medullary collecting duct was examined by microcatheterization. Acetyl...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y87-383
更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of oleate (0.3 and 1.2 mM) and the combined effect of beta-hydroxybutyrate (4 and 8 mM) and acetoacetate (1 and 2 mM) on rates of lipolysis (glycerol output) was determined with calcium-tolerant myocytes isolated from the hearts of normal rats and hearts from acutely (2-3 days; 100 mg/kg streptozotocin) dia...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y90-176
更新日期：1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two natriuretic peptides, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), are found principally in the heart. In preliminary experiments with mouse kidney cells or slices, we found mouse BNP1-45 much more potent than ANP1-28 in causing elevations of cGMP (>50-fold). The guanylyl cyclase-A (GC-A)...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The anticonvulsant activity of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (delta9-THC) has been determined against seizures induced in epileptic chickens by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) and in epileptic and nonepileptic chickens by Metrazol. Intravenous administration of the drug reduced both the severity and incidence of s...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y75-140
更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine the effects of chronic hyperinsulinemia on glucagon release, rats were made hyperinsulinemic for 14 days by supplementation of drinking water with sucrose (10%; sucrose-fed) to increase endogenous release or by implantation of osmotic minipumps (subcutaneous, s.c.; or intraperitoneal, i.p.) to deliver exo...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y91-066
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have demonstrated that the D-enantiomer of isoidide dinitrate (IIDN) is 10-fold more potent than the L-enantiomer for relaxation and cyclic GMP accumulation in isolated rat aorta. To test whether preferential biotransformation of D-IIDN to a species that activates guanylate cyclase is the basis for th...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-225
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simple method using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was developed to determine a low concentration of ethanol in urine. The detection limit was 0.02 mM ethanol. A mean +/- SD ethanol concentration in urine of 0.21 +/- 0.17 mM was measured in 11 alcoholics after 14 days abstention, a level at least 10 times high...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y87-193
更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rate of glucose oxidation of fresh corneas of guinea pigs at different ages has been determined. Full-thickness corneal discs, 4 mm in diameter, were incubated in radioactive glucose solution. The quantity of the released CO2 was expressed in terms of the corneal discs, their dry weights, and DNA and protein conte...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y79-174
更新日期：1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethanol was administered to rats by oral intubation 3 h after intraperitoneal administration of calcium carbimide. Increased blood acetaldehyde concentration and the presence of acetaldehyde in brain were found for the calcium carbimide--ethanol interaction. There was no detectable brain acetaldehyde for ethanol admin...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y81-011
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between 1 and 7 days of life, the newborn rabbit heart shifts from predominantly using carbohydrates to predominantly using fatty acids as an energy substrate. We therefore used isolated working hearts from 1- or 7-day-old rabbits to determine the effects of fatty acids on myocardial glucose use and the ability of hea...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y92-184
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our studies are guided by the novel hypothesis that protein tyrosine phosphorylation is an important mechanism for regulating contraction of smooth muscle. Several lines of evidence are reviewed which suggest that enhanced tyrosine phosphorylation participates in mechanisms that regulate cytosolic Ca2+ and Ca2+ sensit...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y94-207
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Childhood cancer survivors can develop significant cardiac dysfunction in adulthood as a consequence of their cancer treatment. Studies have linked heart failure during pregnancy to childhood doxorubicin (DOX) exposure. We hypothesized that DOX injection would reduce cardiac function peripartum and that DOX-treated da...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y2012-126
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the effects of prolonged exercise on muscle sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ cycling properties and the metabolic responses with and without a session of exercise designed to reduce muscle glycogen reserves while on a normal carbohydrate (CHO) diet. Eight untrained males (VO(2peak) = 3.81 +/- 0...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y05-049
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smooth muscle cells exhibit phenotypic and mechanical plasticity. During maturation, signalling pathways controlling actin dynamics modulate contractile apparatus-associated gene transcription and contractile apparatus remodelling resulting from length change. Differentiated myocytes accumulate abundant caveolae that ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y05-107
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A variety of xenobiotics, viz., 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (TCBP), sodium phenobarbital (PB), 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-2, 4,6-trimethylpyridine (OX-DDC), and nifedipine, cause a decrease in uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase (UROG-D) activity, accompanied by uroporphyrin accumulation, in chick embryo hepatocytes in culture...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y92-128
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the interaction of three factors that modify twitch contraction amplitude in the rat gastrocnemius muscle in situ: posttetanic potentiation, fatigue, and caffeine. Posttetanic (200 Hz for 1 s) twitch responses were observed before and after 15 Hz stimulation for 6 min (group ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y87-046
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of a restricted feeding schedule (RFS) on postischemic contractile recovery in relation to triacylglycerol (TAG), glycogen, and ATP content. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) activity, reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG), and thiobarbituric acid...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y10-076
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Beneficial effects of an antioxidant (N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC) and an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ramipril) were assessed in a rat model of insulin resistance induced by 10% glucose feeding for 20 weeks. Treatments with NAC (2 g/kg per day) and ramipril (1 mg/kg per day) were initiated at 16 week...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/Y08-090
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) calcium handling in diaphragm was compared between mdx mice (7-8 weeks old) and age-matched controls. The total SR Ca2+ load was released from the SR by rapidly cooling muscle bundles from 22 to -1 degree C. The plateau amplitude of the rapid cooling contracture (RCC) was considered as an i...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-76-12-1161
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronically elevated plasma norepinephrine has the potential for supporting function of diseased hearts, yet may also initiate harmful biochemical and (or) structural changes in the myocardium. The present study investigated the dosage-related effects of chronic norepinephrine infusion on markers of myocardial damage ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y86-161
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Grains are global dietary staples that when consumed in whole grain form, offer considerable health benefits compared with milled grain foods, including reduced body weight gain and reduced cardiovascular and diabetes risks. Dietary patterns, functional foods, and other lifestyle factors play a fundamental role in the...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2012-0351
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of neomycin sulfate were examined upon the discharge activity and electrical membrane properties of an isolated invertebrate sensory neuron, the crayfish stretch receptor neuron. Neomycin depressed cell discharge activity in a concentration-dependent manner over the concentration range of 0.01-1.0 mM. Sign...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y88-005
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
