Abstract：
:To determine the effects of chronic hyperinsulinemia on glucagon release, rats were made hyperinsulinemic for 14 days by supplementation of drinking water with sucrose (10%; sucrose-fed) to increase endogenous release or by implantation of osmotic minipumps (subcutaneous, s.c.; or intraperitoneal, i.p.) to deliver exogenous insulin (6 U/day). Both s.c. and i.p. rats also had sucrose in the drinking water to prevent hypoglycemia. Plasma insulin levels were significantly elevated in sucrose-fed, s.c., and i.p. rats. However, glucose levels were significantly elevated in sucrose-fed rats only. Surprisingly, plasma glucagon concentrations were elevated in i.p. and s.c. rats and were not suppressed in sucrose-fed rats. Inverse relationships were found between the plasma levels of insulin and glucose (n = 65; r = -0.42, p less than 0.0001) and between glucose and glucagon (n = 73; r = -0.46, p less than 0.0001). However, unexpectedly, a positive correlation between insulin and glucagon (n = 65; r = 0.47, p less than 0.0001) was established. As suppression of plasma glucagon levels below basal was not observed in any of the hyperinsulinemic or hyperglycemic rats, we wished to establish further whether pancreatic glucagon release could be suppressed below basal levels in the rat by another means. Thus, high doses of somatostatin (50-100 micrograms.kg-1.min-1) were infused for 45 min into normal rats without or with a concomitant hyperinsulinemic, hyperglycemic glucose clamp. Somatostatin fully suppressed insulin, but although plasma glucagon levels were decreased by somatostatin infusion relative to saline-infused animals, there was still no suppression below basal levels.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Brubaker PL,Kazumi T,Hirano T,Vranic M,Steiner Gdoi
10.1139/y91-066subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-03-01 00:00:00pages
437-43issue
3eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The goal of conformal radiotherapy is to concentrate the dose in a well-defined volume by avoiding the neighbouring healthy structures. This technique requires powerful treatment planning software and a rigorous control of estimated dosimetry. The usual dosimetric tools are not adapted to visualize and validate comple...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The blood volume of anesthetized rats was expanded acutely by 33% with donor blood while a caval snare was gradually tightened so that right atrial pressure (RAP) was prevented from rising (n = 6). In control experiments (n = 5) an aortic snare was used to hold mean arterial blood pressure near the values found in the...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y84-131
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In male Sprague--Dawley rats, hypertensive development was diminished for 10 weeks when parathyroidectomy (PTX) was performed 1 week before deoxycorticosterone plus saline (DOCA + NaCl) treatment. In young spontaneously hypertensive male rats (SHR, Okamoto strain) parathyroidectomy performed after weaning lessened hyp...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y82-033
更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Benzodiazepine binding to brain membrane preparations obtained from epileptic and nonepileptic carrier fowl was compared. [3H]Flunitrazepam binding to whole brain homogenates from 2-day-old chicks and [3H]diazepam binding to synaptosomal membranes and homogenates from adult chickens were determined. Scatchard analysis...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y85-016
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in estrogen production are considered important in the sequence of events leading to parturition. We sought tissue-specific changes in the concentration of unconjugated estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in intrauterine fetal (amnion, chorion) and maternal (endometrium, myometrium) tissues during normal pregnancy...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y87-026
更新日期：1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are important drawbacks of cisplatin. The objective of this study is to evaluate the ability of ambroxol in 2 different doses (35 and 70 mg/kg, i.p.) to protect liver and kidney from damage induced by a single dose of cisplatin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) in comparison with N-acetylcysteine (250...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2018-0528
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Androgens have been reported to stimulate progesterone production by granulosa cells of several species, and to act synergistically with FSH in stimulation of progesterone accumulation by rat granulosa cells. Studies were undertaken to examine the effect of androgens on FSH-stimulated progesterone production in cultur...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y84-138
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a phenolic compound in olive oil, exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in cardiovascular diseases. Recent studies found that autophagy was a therapeutic target of diseases. However, the effect of HT on autophagy in vascular adventitial fibroblasts (VAFs) remains unknown. Thus, in this study, we aime...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2016-0676
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The shear-stress sensor function of vascular glycocalyx heparan sulphate and hyaluronic acid was investigated in vivo by assessing flow-mediated dilation before and after their removal. Heparinase III exposure (100 mU·mL-1 for 20 min;n = 6) did not significantly affect flow-mediated dilation of the iliac, from 0.42 ± ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2019-0124
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Techniques to dissociate different sites or stores important for Ca2+ entry or release in smooth muscle include washouts of 45Ca in cold La3+ -substituted solutions. Scatchard-coordinate plots of Ca2+ uptake, substitution of Sr2+ for Ca2+, and both desaturation and rate coefficient plots. Rabbit aortic smooth muscle i...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y87-119
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) are largely grouped into three classes: heterotrimeric G proteins, ras-like or small molecular weight GTP binding proteins, and others like Gh. In the heart G proteins transduce signals from a variety of membrane receptors to generate diverse effects on contractility, h...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was designed to investigate the effects of YC-1, a nitric oxide (NO)-independent soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activator, and DEA/NO, a NO donor, on smooth muscle responses in the preeclampsia model with suramin-treated rats and on the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) of thoracic aor...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2013-0086
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present research was to assess the relationship between ABCB1 (G2677T/A, C3435T) polymorphisms and lipid homeostasis as well as risk of liver injury induced by atorvastatin in in-patients from China. The lipid levels (total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, triglycerides) as well as metabolic enzymes of hepar...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2019-0339
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The change in plasma and blood cell pools of L-glutamine during a single pass through the kidney was studied in dogs and rats. It was shown that the glutamine content of blood cells does not change following one passage through the renal vascular bed in normal or acidotic dogs. Furthermore, an infusion of L-glutamine ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y85-145
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present investigation was to determine the nature of the functional interaction of muscarinic agonists with cAMP-generating and cAMP-independent agonists in left atria. Negative inotropic responses of rabbit isolated left atrial strips to the muscarinic agonist carbachol were measured in the absence...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y86-099
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to identify the key genes involved in the cardiac hypertrophy (CH) induced by pressure overload. mRNA microarray data sets GSE5500 and GSE18801 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened using the Limma package; then, fun...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2017-0585
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Magnesium concentrations in erythrocyte ghosts and arterial tissue of male, spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) were significantly less than in these tissues of male normotensive controls (Wistar-Kyoto; WKY) of the same age, which were also fed rat chow and tap water. The magnesium concentration in SHR erythrocyte g...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y92-170
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This Symposium includes 15 presentations and an editorial review dealing with prorenin activation and function. It comes 20 years after prorenin was first reported in various contexts and attracted attention because of its connection with renin--angiotensin, its high concentration relative to renin in the blood, and i...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 社论,评审
doi：10.1139/y91-193
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of varying dietary levels of zinc was evaluated in mice fed T-2 toxin. A semipurified diet was used to produce a low zinc (less than 2 parts per million (ppm], a zinc replete (100 ppm), and a high zinc (2500 ppm) diet. T-2 toxin was added to the three zinc diets at a concentration of 10 ppm. The mice were f...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y84-221
更新日期：1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:H2S is an important gasotransmitter with a vasorelaxant property. The modulation of endogenous H2S generation from different tissues and the functional consequence of this modulation are not clear. In the present study, the production of H2S from vascular tissues as well as the liver and ileum of rats was measured. Th...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y03-077
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first steps of leucine utilization are reversible deamination to α-ketoisocaproic acid (α-KIC) and irreversible oxidation. Recently, the regulatory role of leucine deamination over oxidation was underlined in rodents. Our aim was to measure leucine deamination and reamination in the whole body, in respect to previ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2017-0439
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuropeptide Y (NPY), one of the most abundant peptides in rat and human brains, appears to act in the hypothalamus to stimulate feeding. It was first suggested that the NPY Y1 receptor (Y1R) was involved in feeding stimulated by NPY. More recently a novel NPY receptor subtype (Y5R) was identified in rat and human as ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thyrotoxicosis, a condition in which there is an excessive amount of circulating thyroid hormones, leads to reduced glycogen content in different tissues. In this study we analyzed the effects of aerobic swimming training on liver, heart, and skeletal muscle glycogen content in experimentally induced thyrotoxicosis. W...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y2012-044
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutathione, a cysteine-containing tripeptide, is the most abundant nonprotein thiol in mammalian cells. Glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds and in the antioxidation of reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Because of its multiple functions in various tissues and its ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1139/y93-111
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined whether there was a threshold for change in fetal arterial PO2 to elicit alterations in plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone, arginine vasopressin, or cortisol, or to affect the incidence of fetal breathing movements or eye movements and we determined whether such a threshold changed with gestational age. Fe...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y90-080
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) GAS5 has been found to act as a decoy for the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), thus implicating GAS5 as a potential regulator of glucocorticoid sensitivity and resistance. Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells and airway epithelial cells (AEC) play an important role in the pathogenesis and pers...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2014-0391
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opioid and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptors mediate different effects of fluoxetine. We investigated whether opioid and NMDA receptors are involved in the protective effect of fluoxetine against the behavioral despair induced by acute physical stress in male mice. We used the forced swimming test (FST), tail susp...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/cjpp-2015-0429
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Curare action on nicotinic acetylcholine receptors has a number of facets, of which the best known is competitive antagonism. Here we describe the weak agonist action of 10(-5) M curare on the murine skeletal muscle cell line, G8. Although curare induces no depolarization in G8 cells, single-channel recordings reveal ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y89-025
更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiments in right atria isolated from adult male rats were designed to determine which of the alpha 1-adrenergic receptor (alpha 1-AR) subtypes are involved in the positive chronotropic effect of phenylephrine, an alpha 1-AR agonist. Chloroethylclonidine (CEC), an irreversible alpha 1b-, alpha 1c-, and alpha 1d-AR ...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y94-226
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The contribution of metabolic control to in vivo myocardial contractile function in response to beta 1-adrenergic stimulation was determined in the spontaneously diabetic BB Wor rat. The study involved a group of insulin-dependent BB Wor rats showing marked variations in metabolic control, assessed by the level of gly...
journal_title：Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1139/y94-103
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
