Abstract:
:Glutathione, a cysteine-containing tripeptide, is the most abundant nonprotein thiol in mammalian cells. Glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of xenobiotic compounds and in the antioxidation of reactive oxygen species and free radicals. Because of its multiple functions in various tissues and its involvement in many diseases and malnutrition, a clear understanding of the interrelationships among tissue glutathione, nutrition, and oxidative stress is clinically relevant. The focus of this review is to discuss the regulation of tissue glutathione concentration by diet and nutritional status, and to apply this information to those diseases and malnutrition in which decreased tissue glutathione and increased oxidative stress are implicated. A potential strategy to rapidly restore glutathione for both antioxidant and immune defense systems before therapeutic treatment in malnourished patients is discussed.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Bray TM,Taylor CGdoi
10.1139/y93-111subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-09-01 00:00:00pages
746-51issue
9eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Beneficial effects of an antioxidant (N-acetyl-L-cysteine, NAC) and an angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ramipril) were assessed in a rat model of insulin resistance induced by 10% glucose feeding for 20 weeks. Treatments with NAC (2 g/kg per day) and ramipril (1 mg/kg per day) were initiated at 16 week...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/Y08-090
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female rats subjected to 48 h of water deprivation drank more than similarly deprived males. There was no sexual difference in the dipsogenic responses to intracellular dehydration produced by intravenous hypertonic NaCl but females drank considerably more than males in response to the extracellular stimuli of hyperon...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y80-179
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronically elevated plasma norepinephrine has the potential for supporting function of diseased hearts, yet may also initiate harmful biochemical and (or) structural changes in the myocardium. The present study investigated the dosage-related effects of chronic norepinephrine infusion on markers of myocardial damage ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y86-161
更新日期:1986-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In sepsis, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and multiorgan dysfunction syndrome (MODS), a severe prognostically relevant cardiac autonomic dysfunction exists, as manifested by a strong attenuation of sympathetically and vagally mediated heart rate variability (HRV). The mechanisms underlying this attenu...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/Y09-012
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the interaction of smooth muscle myosin with alpha-actin and beta-actin isoforms during the contraction of A7r5 smooth muscle cells and rat aortic smooth muscle. The techniques of confocal microscopy and fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) analysis were utilized in examining A7r5 cells and rat ao...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y09-008
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our objective was to determine if the ability of an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor to attenuate neointima formation in balloon-damaged vessel is expressed in an isolated organ culture model of neointimal growth. In vivo balloon angioplasty in combination with in vitro organ culture was used to produce a...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mesenteric circulation of the rat a myogenic autoregulatory system operates at 0.1-0.15 Hz. Negative admittance phase in the region above 0.2 Hz suggested operation of an arterial baroreflex. The present study was designed to test this interpretation and to identify the neurotransmitter involved. In rats anesth...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-78-1-54
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The regulation of amino acid transport by angiotensin II (AII) and cyclic AMP (cAMP) was assessed in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells, using a nonmetabolizable amino acid, alpha-[3H]aminoisobutyric acid (AIB). An exposure time in excess of 2 h was required for AII to elicit a stimulatory response, the magnitude o...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although chronic cocaine use is cardiotoxic, its use remains problematic in athletics. Hence adaptive changes induced in the heart by superimposing chronic cocaine use on an exercise training are of interest but remain poorly understood. Therefore this study investigated the effects of cocaine treatment combined with ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y94-001
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We found when L-type calcium current (ICa-L) was recorded with the perforated patch-clamp method in rat ventricular myocytes that bath application of phenylephrine (with propranolol) evoked a biphasic response characterized by an initial transient suppression followed by a sustained potentiation. The transient suppres...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y05-058
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of varying dietary levels of zinc was evaluated in mice fed T-2 toxin. A semipurified diet was used to produce a low zinc (less than 2 parts per million (ppm], a zinc replete (100 ppm), and a high zinc (2500 ppm) diet. T-2 toxin was added to the three zinc diets at a concentration of 10 ppm. The mice were f...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y84-221
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acrolein, a highly reactive alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehyde, is an omnipresent environmental pollutant. Chronic and acute human exposures occur through exogenous and endogenous sources, including food, vapors of overheated cooking oil, house and forest fires, cigarette smoke, and automobile exhaust. Acrolein is a toxi...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/Y09-134
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of one bout of acute exercise on impaired glucose metabolism was studied in obese (480 +/- 20 g), untrained rats, at rest (n = 10) and after 60 min of swimming (n = 5). Using the euglycemic, hyperinsulinemic (10 mU.kg-1 x min-1) clamp, glucose clearance rate increased from 7.6 +/- 0.9 at rest to 9.7 +/- 0.5...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y92-208
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Activators of the slow delayed rectifier K⁺ current (IKs) have been suggested as promising tools for suppressing ventricular arrhythmias due to prolongation of repolarization. Recently, L-364,373 (R-L3) was nominated to activate IKs in myocytes from several species; however, in some studies, it failed to activate IKs....
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2012-0407
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Guanine nucleotide binding proteins (G proteins) are largely grouped into three classes: heterotrimeric G proteins, ras-like or small molecular weight GTP binding proteins, and others like Gh. In the heart G proteins transduce signals from a variety of membrane receptors to generate diverse effects on contractility, h...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) is a protective component of mitochondrial DNA and a regulator of calcium and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, the mechanism remains unclear. In heart failure, TFAM is significantly decreased and cardiomyocyte instability ensues. TFAM inhibits nuclear facto...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0718
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in electrical potential difference and sodium-potassium ATPase activity of rectal mucosa in dogs were examined before and after jejunal-ileal bypass surgery. The potential difference in the postoperative period was significantly higher (P less than 0.05) than the preoperative value. The potential difference in...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y83-078
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic AMP response element (CRE) binding protein (CREB) is a nuclear transcription factor that regulates the transcription of several genes containing the CRE sites on their promoters. CREB is activated by phosphorylation on a key serine residue, Ser311, in response to a wide variety of extracellular stimuli includin...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2020-0531
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuous exposure to nitroglycerin (GTN) results in development of tolerance and is associated with increased free radical production and abnormal endothelial function. Elevated plasma biomarkers of inflammation have been shown to be associated with endothelial dysfunction in most cardiovascular conditions. It remai...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1139/y09-030
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The precise neurobiological mechanisms of tramadol abuse underlying the cognitive function are still unknown. The aim of the present study was to examine the possible effects of intra-CA1 injections of N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA), a glutamate NMDA receptor (NMDAR) agonist, and d,l-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (DL...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2017-0228
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycine has been used to reduce oxidative stress and proinflammatory mediators in some metabolic disorders; however, its effect on the vasculature has been poorly studied. The aim of this work was to explore the effect of glycine on endothelial dysfunction in aged rats. Aortic rings with intact or denuded endothelium ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0393
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigates the antidiabetogenic effects of Murraya koenigii (L.) Spr. and Ocimum tenuflorum L. on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Swiss mice. Treatment with extracts of M. koenigii (chloroform; MKC) and O. tenuflorum (aqueous; OTA) resulted in proper glucose utilization with an increase in liver gl...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y11-133
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies are scant on the effects of short-term carvedilol treatment as an adjuvant to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor in patients with left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction. The objective of this study was to find the effects of short-term treatment of carvedilol on patients with ischemic LV systoli...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1139/y07-006
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The utilization of triacylglycerol in slow oxidative, fast oxidative-glycolytic, and fast glycolytic skeletal muscle fiber types was examined in rats subjected to a prolonged exhaustive swim. Significant reductions of intramuscular triacylglycerol occurred following 2 h and 40 min of swimming in all muscles containing...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-102
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::At a critical premature interval, atrial premature beats encounter sinus node refractoriness and are blocked on entering and fail to reset the sinus node, resulting in interpolation of the premature beat. The transition from reset to interpolated response has been used to define the effective refractory period of the ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y89-195
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of norepinephrine infusion alone and during alkalosis on oxygen uptake in the dog gastrocnemius-plantaris muscle group under conditions of constant muscle blood flow. The animals were not cold acclimatized. Blood flow was pump controlled, alkalosis was produced by h...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y80-016
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ten minutes after KCl-depolarization of rat myometrial strips, at which time the muscles were in a state of sustained contracture, tissue levels of adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic AMP) were increased by approximately 40% over relaxed controls, and levels of guanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cyclic GMP...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y75-153
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of variation in the extracellular concentrations of Na+, Mg2+, and Ca2+ in the depolarizing medium on isoproterenol-induced increases in cAMP levels and relaxation was studied in rat uterus. Isoproterenol (10(-8) M) failed to increase cAMP levels in the high-K+ medium containing no Na+. When 80 mM Na+ wa...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y79-175
更新日期:1979-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vivo activation of calorigenesis in rat brown adipose tissue (BAT), whether mediated by noradrenaline (NA) released at sympathetic nerve terminals in BAT during cold exposure or by systemically infused NA, is associated with large increases in blood flow (Q) to satisfy the tissue's O2 requirements. The calorigenic ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y80-215
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was carried out to determine whether the diminished release of norepinephrine (NE) upon sympathetic activation in the presence of sotalol can be attributed to the blockade of beta-adrenoceptors in the liver. NE release from the liver was measured in hepatic venous blood collected during direct hepatic nerve ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y85-234
更新日期:1985-11-01 00:00:00