Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cranial nerve involvement is commonly observed in patients with tuberculous meningitis. The present study evaluated the incidence, predictors and prognostic significance of cranial nerve involvement in tuberculous meningitis. MATERIALS AND METHOD:One hundred-fifty-eight adult patients with tuberculous meningitis were retrospectively evaluated and followed up for 9 months. A detailed clinical evaluation and cranial magnetic resonance imaging were done in every patient. RESULT:At inclusion, 60 (38%) patients had cranial neuropathy. Sixteen patients were having involvement of two or more cranial nerves. Abducent nerve was the most frequently (32.3%) affected cranial nerve. Predictors of cranial nerve involvement were age >25 years, history of vomiting, altered sensorium, hemiparesis, diplopia, papilledema, signs of meningeal irritation, severe functional disability, cerebrospinal fluid protein >2.5 g/L and cerebrospinal fluid cell count >100/mm(3). The presence of optochiasmatic arachnoiditis and hydrocephalus was also a significant predictor of cranial neuropathy. Presence of cranial neuropathy was significantly associated with poor outcome. CONCLUSION:Cranial nerve involvement occurred in more than one third of patients with tuberculous meningitis. The presence of cranial neuropathy was associated with poor outcome.
journal_name
Eur J Intern Medjournal_title
European journal of internal medicineauthors
Sharma P,Garg RK,Verma R,Singh MK,Shukla Rdoi
10.1016/j.ejim.2011.01.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-06-01 00:00:00pages
289-95issue
3eissn
0953-6205issn
1879-0828pii
S0953-6205(11)00012-4journal_volume
22pub_type
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