Analysis of codon usage in Newcastle disease virus.

abstract：:The Chinese equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) virulent strain EIAV(LN40) is derived from a naturally occurring virus by continuously passing in horses for 16 generations. Its genome sequence is 23% different from that of the American strains or the Japanese strains, and the variation of envelope gp90 surface unit ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Wang X,Wang S,Lin Y,Jiang C,Ma J,Zhao L,Lv X,Wang F,Shen R,Zhou J

更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A BK virus isolate cloned from the urine of an immunosuppressed patient was identified as the WW strain. Fine mapping using four base-pair restriction enzymes identified a number of small deletions and insertions relative to prototype BK. The finding of a transcriptional control region with a structure similar to that...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Rubinstein R,Harley EH

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sequence is presented of RNA-4 of Echinochloa hoja blanca tenuivirus (EHBV), one of two tenuiviruses associated with rice cultivation in Latin America (together with rice hoja blanca virus; RHBV). Analysis of the sequence shows that the coding regions of EHBV RNA-4 are closely related to those of RHBV RNA-4. Howev...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： de Miranda JR,Muñoz M,Wu R,Espinoza AM

更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The genomes (188 kbp) of the prototype Molluscum contagiosum virus type 1 (MCV-1) and a variant strain (MCV-1v) were characterized by construction of the physical maps of the viral DNA for the restriction enzymes BamHI, ClaI, EcoRI, and HindIII using a defined gene library harboring the DNA sequences of the MCV-1 geno...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Bugert J,Rösen-Wolff A,Darai G

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete genomic sequences of 13 PCV2 viruses obtained between 2005 and 2007 were analyzed in order to determine their phylogenetic relationship and identify possible recombination events between PCV2a and PCV2b. Twelve PCV2b viruses and one PCV2a virus were identified by phylogenetic analysis. Notably, two PCV2b ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Kim HK,Luo Y,Moon HJ,Park SJ,Keum HO,Rho S,Park BK

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several tumor viruses, such as human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV), human papilloma virus (HPV), human adenovirus, have high-oncogenic and low-oncogenic subtypes, and such subtype-specific oncogenesis is associated with the PDZ-domain binding motif (PBM) in their transforming proteins. HTLV-1, the causative agent of ad...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Aoyagi T,Takahashi M,Higuchi M,Oie M,Tanaka Y,Kiyono T,Aoyagi Y,Fujii M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Straw-colored fruit bats (Eidolon helvum), which have been identified as natural hosts for several zoonotic pathogens, such as lyssaviruses, henipaviruses, and ebolavirus, are associated with human settlements in Nigeria where they are commonly consumed as a delicacy. However, information on the viruses harbored by th...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Leopardi S,Oluwayelu D,Meseko C,Marciano S,Tassoni L,Bakarey S,Monne I,Cattoli G,De Benedictis P

更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA viruses as their host cells require a DNA-dependent DNA polymerase (Pol) to faithfully replicate their genomic information. Large eukaryotic DNA viruses as well as bacterial viruses encode a specific Pol equipped with a proofreading 3'-5'-exonuclease, and other replication proteins. All known viral Pol belong to f...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Knopf CW

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have extended our studies using the mouse lymphoid cell system to determine if polyomavirus (Py) cell type specificity is a consequence of the simple presence of either the A and B enhancers, or if specificity results from specific combinations or arrangements of the individual enhancer elements. Mouse fibroblasts ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Campbell BA,Villarreal LP

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nine avian influenza viruses (AIV), H5N1 subtype, were isolated from dead poultry in the Karachi region of Pakistan from 2006 to 2008. The intravenous pathogenicity indices and HA protein cleavage sites of all nine viruses were consistent with highly pathogenic AIV. Based on phylogenetic analysis of the HA genes, thes...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Wasilenko JL,Pantin-Jackwood M,Khan TA,Ahmed A,Rehmani SF,Lone NA,Swayne DE,Spackman E

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complementary DNAs (cDNAs) to the RNA genome of a necrotic strain of potato virus Y in Japan (Hokkaido Univ. isolate of PVY-T:PVY-TH) were synthesized and cloned into a plasmid pBR322. About 4.3 kbp of the cDNA sequence containing the 3'-poly(A) tract of PVY-TH was inserted into a recombinant plasmid pBRYT88. The coat...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Hataya T,Sano T,Ohshima K,Shikata E

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The main function of baculoviral chitinase protein (V-CHIA) is to promote the final liquefaction of infected host larvae, facilitating the dispersion of occlusion bodies (OBs) in the environment. In this study, a v-chiA from Epinotia aporema Granulovirus (EpapGV) was identified and characterized. The 1,713 base pairs ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Salvador R,Ferrelli ML,Sciocco-Cap A,Romanowski V

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete genome sequence of Nootka lupine vein-clearing virus (NLVCV) was determined to be 4,172 nucleotides in length containing four open reading frames (ORFs) with a similar genetic organization of virus species in the genus Carmovirus, family Tombusviridae. The order and gene product size, starting from the 5'...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Robertson NL,Côté F,Paré C,Leblanc E,Bergeron MG,Leclerc D

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The epidemic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in Zhejiang Province have not been systematically identified. This study presented a dynamic analysis of HIV-1 subtype variation in Zhejiang from 2004 to 2008, based on the surveillance of molecular epidemiology or drug resistance. CRF01_AE wa...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Yao Y,Xin R,Yang J,Xu Y,Zhang J,Xia Y,Pan X,Guo Z,Song Y

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We performed whole genome sequencing of 22 H9N2 avian influenza viruses (AIV) isolated from domestic laying hens on farms between 2005 and 2008, and compared the sequences with viruses previously reported in Asia. A previous study revealed that two antigenically distinct sublineages were established within the MS96 li...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Lee CH,Byun SH,Lee YJ,Mo IP

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Newcastle disease viruses (NDV) isolated from pigeons (pigeon paramyxovirus type 1; PPMV-1) are mostly of mesogenic pathotype and characterized by a polybasic amino acid sequence motif at the fusion protein (F) cleavage site. This feature also applies to isolate R75/98 from Germany. Its genome consists of 15,192 nucle...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Heiden S,Grund C,Höper D,Mettenleiter TC,Römer-Oberdörfer A

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complete genomic sequence of canine calicivirus (CaCV) isolated from feces of a dog with diarrhea was determined. The CaCV genome, a positive-sense single-stranded RNA, contained 8513 nucleotides excluding the poly(A) tail and was longer than that of any other calicivirus strain with a completely known sequence. T...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Matsuura Y,Tohya Y,Nakamura K,Shimojima M,Roerink F,Mochizuki M,Takase K,Akashi H,Sugimura T

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fourteen infectious bronchitis viruses (IBVs) were isolated in Korea between 2001 and 2003 from chickens suspected to be infected with IBVs. The nucleocapsid (N) protein genes of the various IBVs were amplified by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and were cloned and sequenced, and the nucleotid...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Park JY,Pak SI,Sung HW,Kim JH,Song CS,Lee CW,Kwon HM

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Porcine pegiviruses (PPgV) have been first discovered in serum samples from domestic pigs in Germany in 2016 and then in the USA in 2018. To date, there is no documentation with respect to the presence of PPgVs in domestic pigs in China. Herein, we attempted to determine the presence and prevalence of PPgV in China an...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Lei D,Ye Y,Lin K,Zhang F,Huang D,Li K,Yuan W,Wu Q,Ding Z,Wang L,Song D,Tang Y

更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies indicate that alphaherpesviruses express latency associated transcripts (LATs) from the antisense strand of immediate early (IE) genes of the viral genome. It has been discussed that LATs containing extended open reading frames (ORFs) might be translated into protein products. We found that a salient fe...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Boldogköi Z,Murvai J

更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study focuses on gene expression of porcine circovirus (PCV) in order to identify viral genes and their corresponding mRNA transcripts. By northern blot analysis, the existence of three mRNAs could be demonstrated. Two mRNAs are encoded by the viral (-)-strand and one is encoded by the viral (+)-strand. The (+)-s...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Mankertz J,Buhk HJ,Blaess G,Mankertz A

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the vast distribution and expansive diversity of enteroviruses reported globally, indicators defining a complete view of the epidemiology of enteroviruses in tropical countries such as the Philippines are yet to be established. Detection of enteroviruses in the environment has been one of the markers of circul...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Apostol LN,Imagawa T,Suzuki A,Masago Y,Lupisan S,Olveda R,Saito M,Omura T,Oshitani H

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is one of the major pathogens of cultured shrimp. Identification of envelope protein interactions has become a central issue for the understanding of WSSV assembly. In this paper, WSSV envelope protein VP52B was fused with GST-tag and expressed in Escherichia coli BL-21(DE3). Immunogol...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Lin F,Jie Z,Hou L,Li F,Yang F

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:All known sequences of the DNA encoding the major cervical cancer-causing human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) L1 capsid protein contain initiation codons which would allow translation to begin at either nucleotide 5559 or 5637. However the formation of virus-like particles (VLPs) only occurs efficiently when the init...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Webb E,Cox J,Edwards S

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Astroviruses (AstV) are associated with enteric and systemic disease in mammals and birds. Astroviruses have received increased attention recently as they have been found to be associated with sporadic neurologic disease in mammals including humans. In pigs, porcine astrovirus (PoAstV) can be widely detected and has b...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Lv SL,Zhang HH,Li JY,Hu WQ,Song YT,Opriessnig T,Xiao CT

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Orf virus (ORFV), a typical member of the Parapoxvirus genus within the family Poxviridae, which is the causative agent of Orf, a common epitheliotropic viral disease of sheep, goats, wild ruminants, and humans. In the present study, we sequenced the complete genomic sequences of two ORFV strains (ORFV-SY17, isolated ...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Zhong J,Guan J,Zhou Y,Cui S,Wang Z,Zhou S,Xu M,Wei X,Gao Y,Zhai S,Song D,He W,Gao F,Zhao K

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Boid inclusion body disease (BIBD) is a viral disease of boids caused by reptarenavirus. In this study, tissue from naturally infected boid snakes were homogenized and propagated in African Monkey kidney (Vero) and rat embryonic fibroblast (REF) cells. Virus replication was determined by the presence of cytopathic eff...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Abba Y,Hassim H,Hamzah H,Ibrahim OE,Ilyasu Y,Bande F,Mohd Lila MA,Noordin MM

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic analysis indicated that the pandemic influenza strains derived from wild aquatic birds harbor viruses of 15 hemagglutinin (HA) and 9 neuraminidase (NA) antigenic subtypes. Surveillance studies have shown that H9N2 subtype viruses are worldwide in domestic poultry and could infect mammalian species, including h...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Liu JH,Okazaki K,Shi WM,Kida H

更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Six recombinants of New York Board of Health (NYBH) vaccinia virus containing cDNA for Challenge Virus Standard (CVS) rabiesvirus glycoprotein (G) were produced by directing gene insertion into the vaccinia thymidine kinase (TK) locus. To regulate expression of G the promoter P7.5 (functions at early and late times po...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Esposito J,Brechling K,Baer G,Moss B

更新日期：1987-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study brings the analysis of amino acid sequences of hemagglutinin (HA) from the influenza virus A that can infect a wide variety of birds and mammals. 191 sequences belonging to all known 15 HA subtypes were compared. The emphasis was given on functional sites (receptor-binding cavity with its right and left edg...

journal_title：Virus genes

authors： Kovácová A,Ruttkay-Nedecký G,Haverlík IK,Janecek S

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00