Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Cases and controls should be chosen from the same base population to reduce selection bias in case-control studies. For hospital cases, we examined how inferences drawn from a case-control study can differ by choice of hospital- vs. community-based controls. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTINGS:We used data from a case-control study that assessed risk factors for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) hospitalization in Hamilton, Ontario, and Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify risk factors for hospitalization with CAP by simultaneously fitting two regression models. Binary logistic regression was used to directly compare the distributions of such risk factors in hospital and community controls. RESULTS:The use of hospital controls did not identify any additional risk factors for hospitalization that were not identified using community-based controls. Distributions of potential risk factors differed significantly between hospital and community control groups. We observed weaker or null estimates of associations with hospital controls compared with community controls. CONCLUSION:Inferences differed depending on the source of control groups. The use of hospital controls tended to produce no or weaker associations than those using community controls. If a high response rate can be attained, the best choice of controls may be from the community.
journal_name
J Clin Epidemioljournal_title
Journal of clinical epidemiologyauthors
Neupane B,Walter SD,Krueger P,Loeb Mdoi
10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.11.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-08-01 00:00:00pages
926-31issue
8eissn
0895-4356issn
1878-5921pii
S0895-4356(09)00360-6journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Remaining questions relative to the measurement of health-state preferences are outlined and applications discussed. We recommend more widespread use of functional measurement to better understand preference structures. Further research should be conducted on the reliability and validity of preference values produced ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(89)90011-5
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To identify, describe, and map contemporary nutrition guidelines (NGs) from reviews that used the Appraisal of Guidelines, Research and Evaluation (AGREE) tool. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:We performed an overview of reviews that systematically assessed the quality of NGs using the AGREE tool. We searched MEDL...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.08.018
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the 1986-1997 mortality in a cohort of 2065 residents of an Italian municipality which had been exposed to drinking water with a high content of inorganic selenium over a long period of time, and compared it with mortality in the remainder of the municipal population. Mortality from malignant neoplasms inc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00233-x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the application of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach and the quality of evidence ratings in systematic reviews of complex interventions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:This study examined all 40 systematic reviews published in three Cochrane Rev...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.03.014
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To solicit experiences with and perceptions of rapid reviews from stakeholders, including researchers, policy makers, industry, journal editors, and health care providers. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:An international survey of rapid review producers and modified Delphi. RESULTS:Forty rapid review producers re...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.08.012
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Kaplan-Meier method may overestimate absolute mortality risk (AMR) in the presence of competing risks. Urgent heart transplantation (UHT) and ventricular assist device implantation (VADi) are important competing events in heart failure. We sought to quantify the extent of bias of the Kaplan-Meier method i...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2018.07.006
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to study if randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in rehabilitation (a field where complex interventions prevail) published in main journals include all the details needed to replicate the intervention in clinical practice (clinical replicability). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Forty...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.06.008
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore user perspectives on applying the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) to systematic reviews of complex interventions. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Thirty-three authors of recent (2013 onward) systematic reviews were contacted regarding their perspectives on using...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.09.010
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Secondary databases are used in descriptive studies of patient subgroups; evaluation of associations between individual characteristics and diagnosis, prognosis, and/or service utilization rates; and studies of the quality of health care delivered. This article identifies sources of bias for health state char...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.08.012
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The decision to make protocols of phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs) publicly accessible by leading journals was a landmark event in clinical trial reporting. Here, we compared primary outcomes defined in protocols with those in publications describing the trials and in trial registration. STUDY ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.07.010
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The relative contributions of genetic and environmental variables to within-household clustering of quantitative traits in household surveys are poorly characterized. We estimated shared genetic and shared environmental contributions to within-household correlation for anthropometric variables and cardiovasc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.02.015
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differential recall between compared groups is discussed most often in the context of case-control studies. Cases, compared to controls, are suspected of providing a more complete report of their true exposure to an hypothesized risk factor, thereby biasing upwards the estimate of its effect. The present paper describ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(90)90100-4
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated search strategies for finding high-quality studies on treatment and systematic reviews in PsycINFO. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Sixty-four journals were hand searched at McMaster University. Methodologic criteria were applied to clinically relevant articles to identify "pass" and "fail" art...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2006.09.016
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To obtain a relatively true mortality from malignant neoplasms, we studied the frequency of cancers in the different sites and the changing patterns of the frequency and sites over time among residents of the community of Hisayama, where an autopsy-based population survey (autopsy rate, 80%) has been conducted since 1...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(95)00560-9
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Statistical interaction between a single, instantaneous exposure and attained age (age during follow-up; attained age = age at exposure + time since exposure) is used in risk analyses to assess potential effect modification by unmeasured factors correlated with age. However, the impact of such interaction on ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.10.004
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A summary performance measure comprised of a hierarchical balance task, a 4-meter walk, and five repetitive chair stands is increasingly being used as a predictor of independent living for older persons. The reliability and sensitivity to change of this summary performance measure have not been investigated, however. ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(02)00436-5
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess measurement equivalence of the Singaporean English and Chinese versions of the EuroQol Group's 5-domain questionnaire (EQ-5D) in cancer patients. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Seven hundred and seventy-one ethnic Chinese patients in Singapore were recruited, and they answered either an English or a Chin...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.03.007
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three issues concerning the design and analysis of randomized behavioral intervention studies are illustrated and discussed within the framework of a tobacco and alcohol prevention trial among migrant Latino adolescents. The first issue arises when subjects are randomized in clusters rather than individually. Because ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(03)00012-x
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epidemiologists and health survey statisticians must be aware of their many responsibilities to study participants during all phases of the investigation. Safeguards for the subject's welfare and privacy must be considered during the planning of the study, recruitment of participants, conducting the interviews or exam...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(91)90179-d
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of this study was to determine whether disagreements among multiple data sources affect systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials (RCTs). STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Eligible RCTs examined gabapentin for neuropathic pain and quetiapine for bipolar depression, reported in public (e.g., jour...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2017.07.014
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The current format of summary of findings (SoFs) tables for presenting effect estimates and associated quality of evidence improve understanding and assist users finding key information in systematic reviews. Users of SoF tables have demanded alternative formats to express findings from systematic reviews. ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.12.007
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between history of selected diseases, genital traumas, and Peyronie's disease. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted at the Andrologic and Surgical Outpatient Units of the Policlinico Gemelli, Rome, where 134 men with Peyronie's disease and 134 male...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00015-8
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:In many observational studies, the association between drugs and disease is analyzed with information from a baseline interview. We investigated the magnitude and direction of exposure misclassification by comparing interview data at baseline with prospectively gathered pharmacy data. METHODS:...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.12.017
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Conduct a systematic review of pediatric randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in high-impact journals to assess the reporting of primary outcomes and the psychometric properties of their measures. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Systematic review with screening and simultaneous data extraction conducted by...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2016.09.003
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The objective of this study was to examine the effectiveness of education and training interventions on recruitment to randomized and non-randomized trials. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:A systematic review of the effectiveness of education and training interventions for recruiters to trials. The review included ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2019.05.013
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-sectional data from the Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study were used to examine the relationships between waist to hip circumference ratio (WHR) and the presence of diabetes complications in IDDM adults ages 18-45 years (N = 586). Significantly higher WHRs were observed among both genders with prolifer...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(94)90291-7
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the possible association between changes in coffee consumption and serum cholesterol levels, information was obtained from 2109 healthy nonsmokers aged 25-65 years at two clinic visits to a preventive medical center between 1987 and 1991 (mean interval between visits: 16.7 months). After adjusting for a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0895-4356(95)00023-w
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The methodology for the critical assessment of medical interventions is well established. Regulatory agencies and institutions adhere, in principle, to the same standards. This consistency, however, is not always the case in practice. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING:Using the evaluation of the CAPRIE (Clopidogrel ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2009.10.009
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Medicine has been dominated by uncontrolled data, often of unproven validity and insufficient to answer clinically important questions pertaining to individual patients. Controlled clinical trials, when designed and conducted rigorously, offer advantages over uncontrolled data, but they cannot be done for everything a...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(98)00042-0
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore designs for evaluating the prognostic and predictive value of medical tests and their effect on patient outcome. STUDY DESIGN:Theoretical analysis with examples from the medical literature. RESULTS:For evaluating the prognostic value of a test, one can include the test at baseline in prognostic s...
journal_title:Journal of clinical epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.06.017
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00