Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Occupational health researchers can play a pivotal role in increasing our understanding of the role of physical and psychosocial working conditions in producing socioeconomic health disparities and trends of increasing socioeconomic health disparities, contributing to interventions to reduce such disparities, and helping to improve public education materials on this subject. However, a number of methodological challenges in this field need to be considered. METHODS:Commentary, including a review of selected studies. RESULTS/CONCLUSION:Research needs to be guided by models of the associations between social (socioeconomic position (SEP), race/ethnicity, immigration status, and gender) and occupational variables and health, to avoid inappropriate control for confounding, and to specify causal pathways (mediation) and interaction effects. Different approaches to the theory and measurement of SEP also need to be tested.
journal_name
Am J Ind Medjournal_title
American journal of industrial medicineauthors
Landsbergis PAdoi
10.1002/ajim.20766subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
95-103issue
2eissn
0271-3586issn
1097-0274journal_volume
53pub_type
社论,评审abstract::Although OSHA promulgates standards for chemical exposures on the basis of workers' relative risk of acquiring chronic disease, it interprets the limits as absolute levels never to be exceeded. This poses a dilemma to the gathering of useful information which can be used to assess and reduce exposures, because employe...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700060407
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) proposes to issue citations for non-compliance with the exposure limit for respirable coal mine dust when measured exposure exceeds the exposure limit with a "high degree of confidence." This criterion threshold value (CTV) is derived from the sampling and ana...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.20318
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Lead stabilizers (e.g., lead sulfate, lead stearate) are common additives in plastics used in electrical devices. In 1997, three plastics compounders at one California company were severely lead-poisoned. METHODS:The poisonings were investigated by interviewing the workers, employer, and treating physician ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.20123
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comparison was made of the occupational data reported on the death certificates of 586 men with their employment history obtained by interviews. Agreement was assessed for 19 occupational and 14 industrial categories of usual employment, with the highest levels of concordance (greater than or equal to 80%) found for...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700200306
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study sought to identify impacts of compensation system characteristics on doctors in Québec and Ontario. METHODS:(i) Legal analysis; (ii) Qualitative methods applied to documentation and individual and group interviews with doctors (34) and other system participants (31); and (iii) Inter-jurisdictiona...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22651
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare fatal and hospitalized nonfatal work-related traumatic injuries by occupation and cause. METHODS:Fatal and hospitalized nonfatal injuries occurring from 1991-1995 were identified from Washington State workers' compensation claims data. Nonfatal injuries were classified as severe if they had at lea...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199908)36:2<317::aid-ajim1
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies suggest metal and solvent exposure may damage hearing. This study evaluated the association between exposures classified as high for metals, solvents, and noise on permanent threshold shift (PTS) development. METHODS:A total of 1,546 personnel at an industrial shipyard were divided into five exposur...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22690
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Occupational diseases are now being assessed at the cellular and molecular levels; this presents new opportunities for prevention and control [Calleman et al., 1978; Ong et al., 1987; Stejskal et al., 1989; Welch and Cullen, 1988; Garry et al., 1989]. The key to these opportunities is the ability to detect biological ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700200402
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a survey of chronic respiratory symptoms and airflow obstruction of a rural population aged 20-65 years, the effects of both farming and, in particular, the exposure to grain dust on the respiratory health of the people was examined. Of the 1,892 subjects (82% of the eligible population) studied, 924 were males and...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700150103
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoke and asbestos are recognized causes of lung carcinoma and together promote carcinogenesis. Adenocarcinoma is currently the most common cause of lung cancer in the USA and it has been linked to both smoking and asbestos exposure. Mutations in the epidermal growth factor gene receptor (EGFR) occ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22691
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mortality experience of iron and steel workers from modern plants in developing countries has not been extensively described. METHODS:Mortality at two Korean iron and steel manufacturing complexes was analyzed using Poisson regression methods with both direct and indirect standardization. Work histories...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.20197
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Among 160 consecutive patients referred to the Clinic of Occupational Medicine, Rigshospitalet, for symptoms connected with exposure to organic solvents, 20 exhibited symptoms of acquired intolerance to minor amounts of organic solvents. Later, an additional 30 consecutive patients with symptoms of acquired intoleranc...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700090408
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After cryptosporidiosis was reported in three workers caring for preweaned calves at an academic research laboratory, we sought to identify cases, determine risk factors, and implement control measures. METHODS:A cryptosporidiosis case was defined as diarrhea duration ≥72 hr, abdominal cramps, or vomiting i...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22630
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin symptoms of "yusho" and their change thereafter are described. In the early stage, skin eruptions were the most prominent and impressive features of yusho. Acneiform eruptions and pigmentation were most conspicuous. With the passage of time, there is some improvement and most patients now have few eruptions, exce...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of Pre-Adult Latency Study was to evaluate lung findings among adults who had been environmentally exposed to Libby Amphibole only during childhood and adolescence. METHODS:Recruitment was restricted to volunteers who attended primary and/or secondary school, lived in Libby, MT, prior to age 23 ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22674
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Noise exposure in the sawmill industry is an area of concern. This study documents the level of noise exposure in nine sawmills in the province of Alberta, Canada. METHODS:Personal noise monitoring data were collected in nine Alberta sawmills, in winter and in summer (n = 213). Exposures were considered in ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.10173
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Existing research suggests that workplace injuries can have significant economic and social consequences for workers; but there are no quantitative studies on complete populations. METHODS:The British Columbia Linked Health Database (BCLHD) was used to examine 1994 injured workers who lost work time due to ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.20503
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fertility among men working in semiconductor manufacturing during 1984-89 was assessed in a 1990-91 cross-sectional study of eight companies. Men working in wafer fabrication rooms (fabs) (n = 241, 165 births) were compared to men in nonfabrication (nonfab) jobs (n = 447, 300 births). Results showed that 17% of fab me...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700280618
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Process and office workers at a Swedish paper mill (n = 274) and dairy workers (n = 45) were investigated with questionnaires regarding skin symptoms. In the second part of the study, subjects reporting skin symptoms and a random sample of subjects without symptoms were examined and investigated with patch testing. Pr...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700230506
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We conducted a comparative study of pulmonary dysfunction among workers who were exposed to silica, asbestos, or coalmine dust. The results showed that all three groups of dust-exposed workers, even those without radiographic signs of pneumoconiosis, had decreased spirometric parameters and diffusing capacity (DLco) i...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199705)31:5<495::aid-ajim2
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Basophilic stippling of red blood cells (BSC) has been noted in lead intoxication since 1899 and has been considered a classic laboratory sign of lead poisoning since that time. BSC are inclusions of aggregated ribosomes found only in the red blood cells and may be confused with siderotic (iron) granules. Heinz Bodies...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700050409
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using occupational data for more than 500 patients with cancers of the biliary tract (CBT) diagnosed between 1980 and 1984 in Shanghai, and employment information from the 1982 census for the Shanghai population, the associations between CBT and occupational categories were examined by standardized incidence ratios (S...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(199607)30:1<36::AID-AJIM6>
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Silicosis is a progressive lung disease resulting from the inhalation of respirable crystalline silica. Lung transplantation is the only treatment for end-stage silicosis. The aim of this study was to analyze the survival experience following lung transplantation among patients with silicosis. METHODS:We re...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22687
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The national occupational standard values for benzene are 10 ppm for Australia, 10 ppm for Denmark, 10 ppm for Finland, 10 ppm for Japan, 10 ppm for The Netherlands, 10 ppm for the United States, and 5 ppm for Sweden; in the Federal Republic of Germany the technical guideline value is 8 ppm. Crude mineral oil contains...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700070504
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine disparities between job control scores in Black and White subjects and attempt to discern whether self-rated low job control in Blacks may arise from structural segregation into different jobs, or represents individual responses to race-based discrimination in hiring or promotion. METHODS:Data fr...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22255
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveillance of cause-specific mortality patterns by occupation and industry through the use of death certificate records is a simple and relatively inexpensive approach to the generation of leads as to potential occupational disease problems. Researchers from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700110309
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A five-year total community study of lung cancer incidence by occupation revealed that 1) virtually all the cases occurred in smokers; 2) all major histologic types of lung cancer were strongly associated with smoking behavior; 3) in most high-risk occupations the significant elevations of risk were limited to one or ...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700030409
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chest radiographs, taken at a 9-year interval for 1,261 U.S. coal miners, were read for pneumoconiosis side-by-side by six readers in a controlled trial. Incidence and progression of small, rounded opacities were consistent with levels predicted from dose-response curves developed by the British Pneumoconiosis Field R...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.4700060604
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The UAB-ITREOH program has initiated a skill-based MPH program at Manipal University (MU), India, in 2009, to address the critical need for trained public health professionals and build institutional public health training capacity in the country. METHODS:Funds from Fogarty have supported the curriculum dev...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/ajim.22045
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:From 1970 through 1997, 17 intracranial neoplasms were identified among 6,800 employees of a petrochemical research facility. This investigation describes the case-series. METHODS:The intracranial neoplasms were identified by self reports and record linkages, and were confirmed by medical records and a path...
journal_title:American journal of industrial medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0274(199910)36:4<450::aid-ajim6
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00