Abstract：
BACKGROUND:There has been a long-standing interest in the possible role of the hippocampus in autism and both postmortem brain and neuroimaging studies have documented varying abnormalities in this limbic system structure. AIMS:This study investigates the density of subsets of hippocampal interneurons, immunostained with the calcium binding proteins, calbindin (CB), calretinin (CR) and parvalbumin (PV) to determine whether specific subpopulations of interneurons are impacted in autism. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Unbiased stereological techniques were used to quantify the neuronal density of these immunoreactive subpopulations of gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic (GABAergic) interneurons analyzed in the CA and subicular fields in postmortem brain material obtained from five autistic and five age-, gender- and postmortem interval-matched control cases. RESULTS:Results indicate a selective increase in the density of CB-immunoreactive interneurons in the dentate gyrus, an increase in CR-immunoreactive interneurons in area CA1, and an increase in PV-immunoreactive interneurons in areas CA1 and CA3 in the hippocampus of individuals with autism when compared with controls. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSIONS:Although our sample size is small, these findings suggest that GABAergic interneurons may represent a vulnerable target in the brains of individuals with autism, potentially impacting upon their key role in learning and information processing. These preliminary findings further suggest the need for future more expanded studies in a larger number of postmortem brain samples from cases of autism and controls.
journal_name
Acta Neurol Scandjournal_title
Acta neurologica Scandinavicaauthors
Lawrence YA,Kemper TL,Bauman ML,Blatt GJdoi
10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01234.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-02-01 00:00:00pages
99-108issue
2eissn
0001-6314issn
1600-0404pii
ANE1234journal_volume
121pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Botulinum toxin serotype A (BoNT/A) was originally used in neurology for the treatment of dystonia and blepharospasms, but is now clinically used worldwide for the treatment of chronic migraine. Still, the possible mode of action of BoNT/A in migraine is not fully known. However, the mode of action of BoNT/A has been ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/ane.12906
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The visual, somatosensory, and vestibular systems are critical for establishing a sensorimotor set for postural control and orientation. The goal of this study was to assess how individuals with a vestibular-related disorder keep their balance following prolonged stance on an inclined surface. We hypothesize...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12658
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To study the prevalence of antibodies of IgA class against tissue transglutaminase (tTG), endomysium (EMA) and gliadin (AGA) in patients with chronic idiopathic axonal polyneuropathy (CIAP) and to characterize the patients clinically and neurophysiologically. METHODS:Of 182 patients, 126 patients agreed to ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2012.01687.x
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifteen epileptic patients had their dose of anticonvulsant drugs changed twice, each time by 30-50 per cent of the initial medication. Before the dose change, the patients were given six especially adapted mental performance tests, which were designed to measure vigilance, reaction time and certain aspects of memory....
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1975.tb05827.x
更新日期：1975-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is clinical and verifiable at post mortem. Neuropathological examination of 518 consecutive patients with clinically definite MS revealed a correct diagnosis in 485 cases (94%). Clinical diagnosis had been established by a neurologist in all cases. Erroneous diagnosis included ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1988.tb03616.x
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:White blood cells might have a pathogenetic role in ischemic vascular conditions. Several studies have suggested that increased adhesiveness of these cells could contribute to such a damage. The present study was undertaken in order to examine the adhesive properties of leukocytes in the peripheral blood of p...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Electrophysiological examinations were done on 20 patients aged 40-71 years with recently diagnosed high grade non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. General chemotherapy and intrathecal chemotherapy in order to prevent central nervous system (CNS) involvement were begun. On the first day of chemotherapeutic cycle patients received...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1996.tb07065.x
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Strokes represent the most common etiology of epilepsy in patients over the age of 60 years, with an incidence of 2-4% occurring in different studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this observational study, 1,428 patients were included who had stroke and were admitted to our Stroke Unit between the years 1996 an...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00642.x
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cerebral blood flow is low in primary polycythaemia, and it has been suggested that this is due to the increase in viscosity which accompanies the elevated haematocrit. In the present study cerebral blood flow has been measured by a non-invasive 133Xenon technique in six subjects with an elevated haematocrit secon...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1980.tb01485.x
更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this study was to assess the existence of polyautoimmunity in a Greek cohort of multiple sclerosis (MS), particularly multiple autoimmune syndrome (MAS), i.e., the presence of three or more distinct autoimmune disorders (ADs) in the same individual. METHODS:Cross-sectional control study. RESULTS...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12308
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To analyze the correlation between blood pressure (BP) variability and leukoaraiosis (LA) amount in patients with symptomatic cerebral small-vessel disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We included 25 hypertensive patients: 13 with Binswanger's disease (BD) and 12 with a first-ever lacunar infarction (LI). Baselin...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0404.2001.00082.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to evaluate the prognosis and possible prognostic factors associated with a bening course, 118 cases of motor neuron disease diagnosed 1948-1975 were followed up. Survival curves, based on the actuarial method showed a survival rate of 18.7 per cent (95 per cent confidence limits: 11.4-26.0) and 7.6 per cent ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attempts were made to trace a possible retrovirus in multiple sclerosis (MS) by means of polymerase chain reaction. The primers derived from conserved sequences in the genome of human T cell leukemia/lymphoma virus type I (HTLV-I) and the amplifications were carried out at varying stringency conditions (i.a. annealing...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb08060.x
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Major neurological improvement (MNI) at 24 hours represents a marker of early recanalization in ischaemic stroke. Although low body temperature is considered neuroprotective in cerebral ischaemia, some studies have suggested that higher body temperature may promote clot lysis in the acute phase of ischaemic ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12184
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The prognosis after Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB) is debated. The aim of this study was to assess health-related Quality of Life (QoL) and neurological symptoms 30 months after treatment in European patients with LNB. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In a prospective case-control designed study, we investigated 50 well-...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01482.x
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the clinical characteristics of autoimmune encephalitis associated with the glutamate decarboxylase 65 (GAD 65) antibody. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Medical records of all patients that diagnosed with GAD 65 antibody-associated encephalitis were retrospectively analyzed. Data regarding demographics an...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.13281
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Parkinson's disease (PD) may be associated with increased energy metabolism in overactive regions of the basal ganglia. Therefore, we hypothesized that treatment with the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist memantine would decrease regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and oxygen metabolism in the...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00943.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is believed to be an autoimmune disease of the human central nervous system mediated by autoreactive T cells. Interferon-beta1b (IFN-beta1b) has been shown to be effective in reducing disease activity defined by clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria in relapsing-remit...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2004.00346.x
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was to examine the coping strategies of 49 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and their relationships with medical and demographic data. METHODS:A total of 49 subjects were asked to fill out a document that would provide their demographic and medical data. Then, each o...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2011.01513.x
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prophylactic effect of a 5-HT uptake inhibitor, femoxetine, was compared with that of propranolol in a double-blind crossover study of 6-months duration. 29 patients commenced the experiment. 3 subjects withdrew because of side effects and 2 because the program was inconvenient for them. In the 24 patients who con...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1983.tb04836.x
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study is a report of 34 cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) observed in Bangalore (South India), an endemic area for Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infection. Virological and immunological findings suggested an antecedent and recent JEV infection in 21/34 patients. Nineteen patients among them showed high l...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1994.tb02681.x
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The present study focused on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1, DQA1 and DRB1 allelic variation according to ethnicity and analyzed whether susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) depends on population characteristics. METHODS:Eighty-eight healthy African-Brazilians and 92 healthy white Brazilians living ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00750.x
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent thymoxamine by intravenous administration was studied in 25 patients with spastic paraplegia and uninhibited neurogenic bladder. By cystometry a shift to the right of the first desire to void, the threshold of the first uninhibited contraction and a reduction of the pr...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1980.tb01472.x
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of D-amphetamine (D-amph) and physical therapy separately or combined on fine motor performance, gross motor performance and cognition after middle cerebral artery thromboembolization in rats. METHODS:Seventy-four rats were trained in appropri...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2005.00547.x
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the macrophage electrophoretic mobility (MEM) test of Field & Caspary, lymphocyte sensitization to thyroid antigen (F1-fraction) is demonstrable in all subjects--multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, those with other (destructive) neurological diseases (OND) and normals. The MEM-LAD test enables a further differentia...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04324.x
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thermal tests were performed in 117 healthy subjects on the face, wrist and leg; 32 were tested on the legs with different rates of cooling and warming. Additionally 2 groups of diabetics (37 patients) were tested. Thermotesting was most sensitive on the legs using a rate of temperature change of 2.5-2.8 oC/s. Warm an...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1987.tb03583.x
更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this open label pilot study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam (LEV) as 'de novo' monotherapy in children and adolescents with late onset childhood occipital epilepsy-Gastaut type (COE-G). MATERIAL AND METHODS:Twelve patients suffering from COE-G were enrolled in this ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2009.01264.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive deficits have been reported in 45%-70% of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Like other symptoms of MS, cognitive deficits are highly variable. Slowed information processing and memory and learning dysfunction are regarded as the most frequent cognitive deficits in MS. Both white and gray matter damages ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/ane.12650
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To clarify the clinical variability, including central nervous system (CNS) involvement, in X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMTX) patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS:We clinically, pathologically and genetically studied six CMTX patients with distinct symptoms and four different GJB1 mutations. RESULTS:On...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0404.2003.01317.x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Out of a data pool of 1271 patients with Multiple Sclerosis (MS) a total of 109 cases are selected having a sole spinal symptomatology throughout the course of the disease. This group differs in three particular features from the non-spinal forms of MS: In this group there is a higher percentage of females, the age at...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1978.tb02832.x
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
