Abstract：
:The value of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) ventilation via a tight fitting face mask was assessed in eight HIV-1 antibody-positive patients with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia who were in hypoxaemic respiratory failure. All patients were conscious, able to protect their airway and not hypercapnic. Treatment was effective in seven patients. Prior to CPAP, mean (range) arterial oxygen tension was 6.7 (4.7-10.5) kPa in seven patients breathing oxygen via a face mask (FiO2 = 0.6), 6.1 kPa in one patient breathing room air and rose to 9.9 (6.8-12.8) kPa with CPAP (FiO2 = 0.6 and PEEP = 1.3 kPa in six patients and 2.6 kPa in one patient); the mean increase in PaO2 was 3.1 kPa (P less than 0.02). These seven patients experienced a rapid reduction in dyspnoea and their respiratory rate fell from a mean of 40 breaths min-1 to 32 breaths min-1 (P less than 0.001). One patient deteriorated rapidly on CPAP and died: no other complications were seen with this technique. CPAP was continued for a mean of 4.5 days and the seven responders all survived the episode of P. carinii pneumonia. We conclude that mask CPAP provides an effective means of improving oxygenation in severely hypoxaemic patients with P. carinii pneumonia.
journal_name
Respir Medjournal_title
Respiratory medicineauthors
Miller RF,Semple SJdoi
10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80291-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-03-01 00:00:00pages
133-8issue
2eissn
0954-6111issn
1532-3064pii
S0954-6111(06)80291-Xjournal_volume
85pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare syndrome characterized by the intra-alveolar accumulation of surfactant lipids and proteins. The aim of the study is to describe the epidemiologic, clinical, physiologic, and laboratory features of PAP in a large single-center cohort of patients with PAP. STUDY...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2011.08.018
更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the utility of capsaicin test in the differential diagnosis of non-productive causes of chronic cough and to examine the effects of treatment on this reflex. PARTICIPANTS:86 healthy volunteers and 101 patients with chronic cough: asthma (n: 54) gastroesophageal reflux (n: 35) and post-nasal drip s...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rmed.2002.1460
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study evaluated the tolerability and efficacy of inhaled AZD4818, a CCR1 antagonist, in patients with COPD. METHODS:This double-blind, placebo-controlled study (NCT00629239) randomised patients with moderate to severe COPD to AZD4818 300mug or placebo twice daily via Turbuhaler((R)) for 4 weeks. Safety,...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2010.04.010
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：RATIONALE:Asthma is a heterogeneous disease, and a great majority of pediatric patients with asthma demonstrate atopic characteristics and develop a Th2 type cytokine response. Nonatopic asthma, on the other hand, is seen more rarely. METHODS:In this study, levels of IL-5, IL-8 and MMP-9 were measured in exhaled breat...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2015.04.004
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) improves muscle performance and exercise tolerance in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. In contrast, no study has assessed the effect of NMES on dynamic hyperinflation (DH) in COPD. This study investigated the effect of short-term, high-frequen...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2013.12.013
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Sarcoidosis (SA) is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology. It seems likely that in genetically different predisposed hosts, the same antigen(s) may cause the development of sarcoid Th1 response. The interaction of the T-cell receptor with the human leukocyte antigen-DQA1*03011 peptide-comp...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2007.06.004
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The aim was to investigate temporal variation in Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQL) and factors influencing low HRQL, in patients with asthma. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Questionnaire data on patient characteristics and the mini-Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (mini-AQLQ) scores from two separate cohort...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2017.10.010
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although athletes have a high prevalence of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and asthma, little is known about possible gender differences in regard to these features. We looked at the comparative prevalence of AHR, physician-diagnosed asthma and respiratory symptoms during exercise in female (F) and male (M...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2008.09.023
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients with amyopathic dermatomyositis (ADM) sometimes develop rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease (ILD) predominantly in Asia. Although anti-CADM-140/MDA5 antibody titer could correlate with disease activity and predict the course of ILD associated with ADM, it is not clear how this antibody is ...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2015.07.004
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The need for efficient use of resources in the provision of health care is now an accepted reality. Despite its economic significance, respiratory disease has been the subject of very few examples of the application of techniques of economic evaluation. There are a number of examples of cost-minimization studies, and ...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80169-1
更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Bacteria expressing phosphorylcholine (ChoP) co-opt host-expressed platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) to adhere to lower airway cells. Cigarette smoke and rhinovirus (RV) infection upregulate PAFR-dependent bacterial adhesion to airway cells in vitro, and in healthy adults smoking increases the propo...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2014.03.003
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) has been shown to be associated to upper airway inflammation. The object of the present study was to establish the presence of bronchial inflammation in OSAS subjects. In 16 subjects affected by OSAS, and in 14 healthy volunteers, airway inflammation was detected by the cellular...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2003.08.003
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Objective of this study was to validate an activity monitor (DynaPort MoveMonitor [MM], McRoberts, The Hague, The Netherlands) against night-vision video analysis during sleep. METHODS:Twenty patients (65 ± 11 years old, mean body-mass-index: 27 ± 6 kg/m(2)) with different chronic lung diseases were recru...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2014.12.017
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antigen detection is a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of histoplasmosis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate antigen detection in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid using an improved second-generation Histoplasma antigen assay. Antigen was detected in 16 of 19 (84%) cases of histoplasmosis and 5 of 6 (83.3%) b...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2006.04.017
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study assessing the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in two primary schools in Birmingham, U.K. was performed. A questionnaire was delivered to pupils in both schools after which three open days were conducted in one of the schools, where probable asthmatics were identified and referred to their General Practition...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0954-6111(06)80007-7
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) has acute and chronic effects on the cardiovascular system. Both right and left sides of the heart are affected. Electrocardiographic pattern was studied in 190 OSAS patients. One or more of the following were found: persistent deep S in lateral chest leads V5, V6 (79%), left a...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0954-6111(98)90027-0
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastroesophageal reflux (GER) may induce respiratory symptoms (RS) through inhalation of acid gastric contents. To characterize the airway inflammation associated with this condition, 20 children [7.4 (0.9) yr old] with "difficult to treat" RS and a positive 24-h oesophageal pH monitoring (pHm) were studied and bronch...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2005.05.011
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that chronic hypoxia leads to changes in skeletal muscle structure (fibre size and type) and activities of several bioenergetic enzymes. Whether this occurs also in conditions characterised by intermittent hypoxia, such as the obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS), is unknown. To explore...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0954-6111(03)00034-9
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition characterized by progressive airflow limitation, with symptoms of dyspnoea, cough, and sputum production. Aside from information on prevalence, mortality and hospital resource utilization arising from COPD in Canada, there is a lack of data on the impact of t...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0954-6111(03)80022-7
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bacterial colonization of the lower airways in patients with chronic bronchitis (CB) has been described mainly in patients with co-existing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Although smoking has been identified as a risk factor for bacterial colonization it is not known whether asymptomatic smokers (AS) ca...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1053/rmed.2000.0857
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preterm infants who are symptomatic at follow-up frequently have a high airways resistance (RAW) and a low functional residual capacity to thoracic gas volume ratio (FRC:TGV). The aim of this study was to assess the effect of bronchodilator therapy on these lung function abnormalities. Thirty-four infants who had recu...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0954-6111(94)90057-4
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During an epidemiological investigation of asthma in an occupational setting, 1126 subjects completed a modified Medical Research Council respiratory questionnaire, then underwent airway responsiveness measurements as PD20FEV1 to methacholine. Previous experience of bronchoconstriction was assessed in the 481 subjects...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0954-6111(95)90245-7
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chemokines such as regulated on activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, monocyte inflammatory protein (MIP)-lalpha have been reported to play an important role in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung diseases. Among idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), ...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2004.03.008
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) is one of the leading causes for hospitalization and readmission in developed countries. No laboratory indices were consistently found to be associated with readmission risk. Recent evidence attests that red blood cell distribution width (RDW), conveys important informatio...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2018.01.011
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Patients with "sensory hyperreactivity" (SHR) have airway environmental sensitivity, chronic cough and dyspnoea. Cough, chest discomfort and sense of difficulties getting air are some of the symptoms these patients seek medical attendance for. The patients have increased cough sensitivity to inhaled capsai...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2012.03.011
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Interstitial lung disease is a common extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA-ILD) and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. However, limited data exist regarding predictors of mortality. We sought to examine the prognostic value of the high-resolution computed tomography (HR...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2017.03.027
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of lateral body position on gas exchange in patients with unilateral pleural effusion, with special reference to the influence of effusion volume. Thirty consecutive patients with unilateral pleural effusion, without evidence of parenchymal pulmonary involvement, ...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/0954-6111(95)90091-8
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although massive bleeding following transbronchial lung biopsies (TBLB) is rare, even minor hemorrhage may prolong the procedure and result in inadequate sampling. Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic agent, which reduces bleeding in numerous scenarios, however, its prophylactic use in mitigating pos...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2020.106162
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The principals of rehabilitation medicine are to prevent muscle atrophy and improve mobility. Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with muscle atrophy and yet many patients do not undergo pulmonary rehabilitation until they have been in stable health for some time. We investigat...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2005.02.033
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Natriuretic peptides are considered as reliable indicators of left-heart failure (HF) and are useful for differential diagnosis of dyspnoea. AIM:We evaluated the clinical significance of N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure (CHRF). ME...
journal_title：Respiratory medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.rmed.2007.04.001
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
