Abstract:
:The aim of this study was to evaluate the scores of the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and a modified APACHE II system (MAS), without parameters of biochemical tests; and to find prognostic value of individual elements of the APACHE II and MAS in predicting outcomes in organophosphate (OP) poisoning. Data were collected from 131 patients. The median (25th-75th percentiles) of APACHE II score for survivors without intubation were found to be lower than those of non survivors or survivors with intubation and ventilation, [4 (1-7); versus 17.5 (7.8-29), and 13.5 (7.8-16.3)]. Logistic regression analysis identified white blood cell (WBC), potassium, Glasgow coma scale (GCS), age and sodium in APACHE II; GCS and mean arterial pressure in MAS system as prognostically valuable. There was no statistically significance difference between APACHE II and MAS scores in terms of area under Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve [(0.902, 95% confidence interval: (0.837-0.947) for APACHE II), and (0.892, 95% confidence interval: (0.826-0.940) for MAS); P=0.74) to predict need for intubation. It is concluded usage of MAS facilitates the prognostication of the OP poisoned patients due to simplicity, less time-consuming and effectiveness in an emergency situation.
journal_name
Hum Exp Toxicoljournal_title
Human & experimental toxicologyauthors
Eizadi-Mood N,Saghaei M,Jabalameli Mdoi
10.1177/09603271060080076subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
573-8issue
7eissn
0960-3271issn
1477-0903pii
26/7/573journal_volume
26pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Neutrophil functions were studied in 38 lead-exposed workers compared to 34 controls. Both groups were matched according to age, sex, drinking and smoking habits, ethnic origin and drug intake. Blood lead levels were found to be seven times higher in exposed workers than in controls. Phagocytosis assayed by chemilumin...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719000900405
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sulfur mustard (SM) is a chemical warfare agent that can cause serious pulmonary complications. This study was designed to determine serum highly sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and evaluate its correlation with lung function parameters in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) due ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109354311
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common exogenous atmospheric pollutant. Studies have shown that SO2 can cause vasodilation as a gas signaling molecule, but the specific signaling pathways are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism behind the effects of SO2 on vasodilation of isolated rat a...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120911428
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Silver nanoparticles are used in many commercial products in daily life. Exposure to nanosilver has hepatotoxic effects in animals. This study investigated the cytotoxicity associated with polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated nanosilver (23.44 ± 4.92 nm in diameter) exposure in the human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) and normal h...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327118769718
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacological potential of curcumin was assessed in PC12 cells against hydrogen peroxide (H(2) O(2)) exposure. In MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide] and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays, 24-hour exposure of H(2)O(2) (0.5 mM and above) was found to be cytotoxic. A significant (p < 0...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110371696
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study presents the findings of free radical scavenging and antigenotoxic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of Cymbopogon citratus (CCE). The CCE at a concentration of 60 microg/mL resulted in a significant scavenging ability of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH; (85%), 2,2-azinobis (3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-su...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109104822
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes two accidents, involving snakes of the Micrurus corallinus species, where compromising respiratory function was not observed and the specific anti-elapidic serum was the single therapy used, and a third incident, probably involving Micrurus frontalis, where neostigmine was used to remedy respirat...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719201100213
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify the reproductive toxicity of polychlorinated biphenyl compounds through determination of testicular lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in rats exposed to Aroclor 1254. Adult male rats were administered Aroclor 1254 at a dose of 2 mg/kg per day ip for 30 ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht500oa
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As an input to dose assessments, measurements have been made of the clearance of Pu and Am after subcutaneous implantation in rats for six particulate materials and one dust from the Maralinga test sites. The tissue distribution of Pu and Am were measured in groups of six animals at one month and 6 months after implan...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719301200410
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many industrial and agricultural chemicals have steroid hormone agonist or antagonist activities and disrupt hormone-regulated gene expression. The widely-used agricultural insecticide, diazinon, was evaluated using MCF-7 cells - a breast cancer-derived, estrogen-dependent, human cell line - to examine the capacity of...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327106ht593oa
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the mechanism of apoptosis dependent on the Fas/FasL (Fas ligand) complex in the presence of N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in human leukocytes. METHODS:Polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated form whole blood by density centrifugation. ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327119828198
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The polybrominated diphenyl ether flame retardants decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209) and bisphenol A (BPA) are environmental contaminants that can cross the placenta and exert toxicity in the developing fetal nervous system. Copy number variants (CNVs) play a role in a number of genetic disorders and may be implicated...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327117710535
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present investigation was to check the fluctuation in essential elements, such as Na, K, Mg, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cr and Ni in the brain, spinal cord, liver and kidney of mice during methylmercury chloride (MMC) toxication and therapy with monothiols (N-acetyl-DL-homocysteine thiolactone and glutathione) and vit...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401301201
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accidental ingestion of electrical batteries occurs commonly in children. This rarely is associated with severe morbidity and mortality. Significant symptoms can arise due to leakage of alkali or heavy metals from the battery after degradation in the gastrointestinal tract. The main heavy metal of concern in electrica...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327104ht433oa
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. This study examines the effect of treating rats with gentamicin (80 mg kg-1 day-1 intramuscularly (i.m.), for 6 days) alone or with either L-thyroxine or the anti-thyroid drug carbimazole. 2. Gentamicin produced significant increases in serum creatinine and urea concentrations, and significantly reduced the activit...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400103
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. A study was carried out to find out if digoxin and acipimox interact. 2. Six elderly patients on digoxin were each given acipimox 150 mg three daily for a week, after informed consent. Digoxin and acipimox plasma concentrations and urinary excretion were measured after the first dose of acipimox and after a week of...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719201100509
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In responding to Drs Calabrese and Baldwin's question, 'At what point, if ever, should hormesis be employed as the principal dose response default assumption in risk assessment?', we examined the benefits of replacing traditional dose-response with hormesis. In general, hormesis provides more complete useful informati...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327105ht521oa
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 20-year-old male who attempted suicide by injecting subcutaneously 10 ml of Sistemin 40 (40% dimethoate) was admitted 16 h later. General weakness, muscular fibrillations and a marked inhibition of red blood cell and serum cholinesterases were the prominent signs of intoxication. The antidotal treatment of intermitt...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719000900111
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The National Toxicology Program (NTP) Technical Reports online database was reviewed to find chemicals that were reported to show clear evidence of carcinogenicity in the NTP rodent studies and for which data on human exposure could be found. Six representative compounds were selected. Three volatile compounds: ethyl ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327103ht374oa
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trichothecenes are mycotoxins produced by various species of fungi which can occur on various agricultural products. Among these compounds, T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol (DAS) and deoxynivalenol (DON) are the most naturally encountered and potent trichothecenes. Consumption of trichothecene contaminated fo...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719701601108
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute and chronic arsenic exposure result in toxicity both in human and animal beings and cause many hepatic and renal manifestations. The present study stated that mushroom lectin prevents arsenic-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was measured by morphological alterations, cell proliferation index (CPI), phagocytic activi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110372642
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to evaluate the cardioprotective potential of lycopene (LCP) against isoproterenol (ISP)-induced myocardial infarction (MI), by assessing hemodynamic, biochemical and histopathological parameters. Wistar male albino rats were orally administered with LCP (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/kg) or with ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112454890
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Multiple low doses of the direct acting organophosphates, ecothiopate, paraoxon and mipafox produced persistent and additive inhibition of diaphragm acetylcholinesterase. Paraoxon and mipafox had similar effects on brain acetylcholinesterase. There was greater recovery from inhibition between doses for paraoxon and...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719701600201
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Six healthy male volunteers received intravenous injections of 26Al as citrate. Accelerator mass spectrometry and gamma-ray spectrometry were used to determine levels of the tracer in blood and excreta at times up to 5-6 d. 2. There was a rapid clearance from blood (mean 2% of injection remaining after 1 d) and maj...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400707
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenomenon of subtoxic stimulation of organism response is not uncommon in aquatic toxicology experiments. We describe the presence of hormesis in both growth and reproduction experiments in aquatic toxicology where these responses are observed in both animals and plants and at different trophic levels of an ecosy...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096032719801700505
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The methods used to evaluate the toxicological effects of PCBs in animals have been reviewed. 2. The data show that Toxic Equivalency Factors (TEFs) could be developed to assess the potential toxicity of PCB mixtures for certain specific target organ effects (such as the liver and immune system) but would be inappr...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/096032719401300901
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) subserves vital physiological functions and also implicated in certain pathological states. Modulation of this system has been proposed in recent studies to be a promising strategy in treating liver fibrosis. We investigated the effect of the pharmacologic inhibition of RAS with angi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327111401051
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a potent nephrotoxic agent. In this paper, we report the chemopreventive effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin) on KBrO3-mediated renal oxidative stress, toxicity and tumor promotion response in rats. KBrO3 (125 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) enhances lipid peroxidation, gamma-gluta...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327103ht349oa
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sibutramine is an antiobesity drug that inhibits the reuptake of serotonin and noradrenalin in the hypothalamus. A 37-year-old Korean man presented to the emergency room for the oral intake of 280 mg of sibutramine. The patient was in thyrotoxic state. The (99m)Technetium-pertechnetate thyroid scan showed irregular up...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112468907
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) and 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA)-mediated damage in dopaminergic neurons is well documented. Protective potential of steroidal hormone (17β-estradiol) has also been suggested. However, therapeutic potential of such promising hormone is hampered due to complex brain anatomy and physiology. Thus, ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110382130
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00