Abstract:
:The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) subserves vital physiological functions and also implicated in certain pathological states. Modulation of this system has been proposed in recent studies to be a promising strategy in treating liver fibrosis. We investigated the effect of the pharmacologic inhibition of RAS with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker in CCl(4)-induced liver injury with a view to ascertaining the chemopreventive benefit. Fifty-six Wistar albino rats were divided into eight experimental groups of seven rats/group. Groups 1-4 received normal saline (10 ml/kg), enalapril (0.6 mg/kg), losartan (1.4 mg/kg) and CCl(4) (80 mg/kg), respectively. Groups 5-8 were pretreated with enalapril (0.3 mg/kg), enalapril (0.6 mg/kg), losartan (0.7 mg/kg) and losartan (1.4 mg/kg) 1 hour before CCl(4) administration. Experiment lasted 11 days and dosing was via oral route. Rats were killed 24 hours after the last treatment. Serum activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate and alanine aminotransferases increased significantly (p < 0.05) by 46.0%, 90.6% and 122.3%, respectively, with severe hepatic centrilobular necrosis, fatty infiltration and increase in liver weight (p < 0.05) in the CCl(4)-treated rats. Enalapril (0.6 mg/kg) and losartan (1.4 mg/kg) significantly (p < 0.05) increased aspartate aminotransferase activity by 37.0% and 94.7% and produced mild centrilobular and periportal hepatic necrosis, respectively, with enalapril significantly (p < 0.05) increasing liver weight. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, albumin and total protein did not change significantly in these rats. Also, glutathione, malondialdehyde and uric acid levels were not significantly altered. Enalapril and losartan failed to attenuate liver injury associated with CCl(4) treatment. Although both drugs did not significantly alter serum biochemistry in the CCl(4)-treated rats, they however produced slight elevations in biomarkers of liver function and appear to worsen liver histopathology. Overall, the chemopreventive benefits of RAS inhibitors in liver disease remain doubtful and should be used with caution during hepatic dysfunction.
journal_name
Hum Exp Toxicoljournal_title
Human & experimental toxicologyauthors
Ekor M,Odewabi AO,Kale OE,Oritogun KS,Adesanoye OA,Bamidele TOdoi
10.1177/0960327111401051subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-11-01 00:00:00pages
1840-8issue
11eissn
0960-3271issn
1477-0903pii
0960327111401051journal_volume
30pub_type
杂志文章abstract::1 The concentrations of a range of organochlorine pesticide residues have been determined in 168 samples of human milk collected between January 1997 and May 1998 in the UK. 2 Of the 18 residues sought, only p,p'-DTT, p,p'-DDE, dieldrin, HCB, beta-HCH and gamma-HCH were detected. 3 The continuing trend of a reduction ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032799678839392
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare simultaneously obtained arterial and capillary blood gas (CBG) values in comatose-poisoned patients presented with stable vital signs. Forty-five adult patients with a diagnosis of coma because of poisoning and stable vital signs were included in this prospective study. With respec...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109107001
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conventional method for the assessment of acute inhalation toxicity (OECD Test Guideline 403, 1981) uses death of animals as an endpoint to identify the median lethal concentration (LC50). A new OECD Testing Guideline called the Fixed Concentration Procedure (FCP) is being prepared to provide an alternative to Tes...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327103ht395oa
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The reactivating and therapeutic efficacy of a new acetylcholinesterase reactivator, designated BI-6 (1-/2-hydroxyiminomethylpyridinium/-4-/carbamoylpyridinium/- 2-butene dibromide), against organophosphate sarin was compared with presently used oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, methoxime) and H oximes (HI-6, HLö-7) ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/096032799678845106
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The modulating effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α ligand on haemodynamic effects of phenylepherine (PE), angiotensin II (AII), endothelin 1 (ET1), acetylcholine (Ach), sodium nitroprusside (SNP) and isoproterenol (ISO) were evaluated in glycerol-induced acute kidney injury in rats. The effect of PE...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112454891
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute and chronic arsenic exposure result in toxicity both in human and animal beings and cause many hepatic and renal manifestations. The present study stated that mushroom lectin prevents arsenic-induced apoptosis. Apoptosis was measured by morphological alterations, cell proliferation index (CPI), phagocytic activi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327110372642
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, genotoxic activities of four halogenated anesthetics (halothane, isoflurane, sevoflurane and desflurane) were investigated in human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and sperm cells in vitro by alkaline comet assay. For this purpose, sperm or lymphocyte suspension was exposed to different concentratio...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327112446818
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endogenous alcohol has been applied for spontaneous ethanol production via different metabolic pathways of the human body. Auto-brewery syndrome describes the patients with alcohol intoxication after ingesting carbohydrate-rich meals. The main objective of this study is to investigate the effect of diabetes mellitus (...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327116661400
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Dettol liquid (chloroxylenol 4.8%, pine oil, isopropyl alcohol), a household disinfectant, has a corrosive action on the gastrointestinal mucosa when swallowed. The incidence of upper gastrointestinal haemorrhage and gastroscopic findings following Dettol poisoning was studied in 89 patients. 2. Five patients (5.6%...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400104
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The present study was designed to highlight the toxic impact of baclofen on both biochemical and histopathological aspects in rats' liver, gastric, lung, kidney, and brain tissues. METHODS:The study was performed on 30 healthy adult male albino rats divided into four groups with 5 rats in each control group,...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327117712369
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A sound understanding of the mechanisms determining percutaneous absorption is necessary for toxicological risk assessment of chemicals contacting the skin. As part of a programme investigating these mechanisms we have developed a physiologically based mathematical model. The structure of the model parallels the multi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401300108
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the safety of azelaic acid (AA) and its derivatives in nanovesicles for pharmaceutical and cosmetic uses. The hydrophilic property of AA was modified by complexing AA with hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (AACD). The lipophilic property of AA was improved to diethyl azelate (DA) b...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327109105164
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study was done to find out whether subacute exposure to supercypermethrin forte (SCM) affected cellular and humoral immunity. Groups of 10 male Wistar rats were given SCM by gavage for 28 days at 12.5 mg kg-1 day-1 (1/14 LD50), 8.75 mg kg-1 day-1 (1/20 LD50) and 4.38 mg kg-1 day-1 (1/40 LD50) and the response of s...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719501400502
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol levels were measured in 15 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples and 14 blood samples from grade III and IV male alcoholic patients with signs of nervous system involvement, and compared with levels detected in 11 CSF samples and 11 blood samples from abstemious patients or patients with grade I or II alcoholism w...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719201100313
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute exposure to systemic poisons represents an important challenge in clinical toxicology. We aimed to analyze the potential role of cardiac biomarkers, routine laboratory tests, and clinical scores as morbidity and in-hospital mortality predictors in patients intoxicated with various systemic poisons. We conducted ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327116660866
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report describes two accidents, involving snakes of the Micrurus corallinus species, where compromising respiratory function was not observed and the specific anti-elapidic serum was the single therapy used, and a third incident, probably involving Micrurus frontalis, where neostigmine was used to remedy respirat...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719201100213
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that environmental exposure to heavy metals has been related to epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation in receptors involved in pathogenesis of asthma. One of these receptors is beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2). We conducted this study to examine the association between blood aluminu...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120921436
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The identification of biomarkers for toxicity prediction is crucial for drug development and safety evaluation. The selective and specific biomarkers for antihistamines-induced cardiotoxicity is not well identified yet. In order to evaluate the mechanism of the life-threatening effects caused by antihistamines, we use...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327114559988
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substance misuse among street children is a significant problem in developing countries. Volatile substances are the most abused agents. According to case reports, chronic renal diseases are common among substance-abusing street children. In this study, we examined the renal findings of 42 volatile substance-abusing s...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327108092292
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predictive toxicology plays a critical role in reducing the failure rate of new drugs in pharmaceutical research and development. Despite recent gains in our understanding of drug-induced toxicity, however, it is urgent that the utility and limitations of our current predictive tools be determined in order to identify...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327115605440
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apoptosis induction in cancer cells is one of the most efficient ways to treat cancer and find anticancer compounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of heat-killed indigenous probiotic bacteria and apoptosis induction in the HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cell line. The growth-inhibitory ...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327119851255
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae) is a commonly used medicinal plant in folk medicine. Among several uses, T. polium is used to treat male fertility problems. This research was conducted to study the effect of T. polium on spermatogenesis, testosterone level, androgen receptor expression, and fertility in male rats. Admi...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327116688069
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The common effects of acetaminophen (paracetamol), isopropylantipyrine (propyphenazone) and caffeine on fetal development were examined in rats. The mixture was given in Tween 80 solution once daily, in a constant proportion of 5:3:1, during days 8-14 of gestation in three different doses. Dose S1 - 3.5 mg/kg acetamin...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327102ht224oa
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common exogenous atmospheric pollutant. Studies have shown that SO2 can cause vasodilation as a gas signaling molecule, but the specific signaling pathways are not well understood. This study aimed to explore the underlying mechanism behind the effects of SO2 on vasodilation of isolated rat a...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327120911428
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diazinon is one of the most widely used organophosphate insecticides (OPI) in agriculture and public health programs. The aim of this study was to investigate how an OPI, diazinon, affects lipid peroxidation (LPO) and the antioxidant defense system in vitro. For this purpose, two experiments were carried out. In exper...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1191/0960327104ht408oa
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paracetamol overdose is common and microRNA (miR)-122 expression is increased with liver injury. We aimed to measure miR-122 in the setting of an abbreviated paracetamol overdose treatment regimen. We compared miRNA expression in patients treated for paracetamol poisoning with an abbreviated 12-h intravenous acetylcys...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327119833740
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Male rats were exposed to manganese sulphate i.p. daily for a period of four weeks to see its effects on tissue levels and urinary excretion of total nicotinamide nucleotides (TNN). Increased levels of TNN were observed in blood and brain while the levels were found to be decreased in liver. There was a progressive in...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719401300503
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of moderate lead exposure on testicular endocrine function were evaluated in a group of 90 males who were occupationally exposed to inorganic lead. Lead concentrations in blood and bone were measured as indices of short-term and long-term, cumulative exposure, respectively. The results of this study show t...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/096032719000900602
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study is to analyze exposures concerning analgesics that were reported to Dokuz Eylul University Drug and Poison Information Center (DPIC) and admitted to the Department of Emergency Medicine in Dokuz Eylul University Hospital (EMDEU) between 1993 and 2004. Demographics of the patients, character...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327107076836
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although ingestion of methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) is rare, it carries a high risk of morbidity and mortality. This paper reports the first such case from Turkey in which a 70-year-old man unintentionally ingested MEKP in his kitchen. The patient was brought into the emergency department (ED) within 1 hour of i...
journal_title:Human & experimental toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/0960327111407230
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00